山师附中届高三考前最后打靶题英语精校word版答案全.docx

山师附中届高三考前最后打靶题英语精校word版答案全.docx

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山师附中届高三考前最后打靶题英语精校word版答案全

绝密★启用前试卷类型A

山东师大附中2015级高三第十一次模拟考试

英语

（考试时间：

120分钟试卷满分：

150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：

Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.

答案：

B

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Ilikereadingthoseinterestingstoriesbehindthosegreatlogosintheworld,whichmademeforgetallotherthings.PersonallyNikeismyfavoriteone—it’ssosimple.McDonald’s,Apple,MercedesBenzandAdidasowngreatlogosaswellandtheyareamongmyfavorites.

Nike

IntheGreekmyth（神话）,Nikeisthegoddessofvictoryandthesourceofinspirationforsoldiers.ThislogorepresentsthewinginthefamousstatueoftheGreekgoddess.Nike’slogowasdesignedbyCarolynDavidsonin1971for$35,andwasregisteredasatrademarkin1995.

McDonald’s

Thelogowasdesignedin1962byJimSchindlertoresemblethearch-shapedsignsonthesideofthecompany’sthenwalk-uphamburgerstand.Lateron,thetwogoldenarcheswerecombinedtogethertoformtheM.TheMcDonald’snamewasaddedtothelogoin1968.

Apple

   TherearedifferentstoriesbehindApple’slogo.ThefirstlogowasareferencetothereligiousstoryofAdamandEve,inwhichtheapplerepresentedthefruitoftheTreeofKnowledge.Oneyearlater,thesecondlogowasdesignedin1977bySteveJobsandRonaldWayne,anditdescribedSirIsaacNewtonsittingunderanappletree.Thislogodidn’tstaylong.OneyearlateritwasreplacedalmostimmediatelybygraphicdesignerRobJanoff’s“rainbowapple”,arainbow-coloredsilhouette（轮廓）ofanapplewithabitetakenoutofit.Andthentherainbow-coloredapplewasreplacedbytheone-coloredlogoin1998.Ithasnotbeenchangedsofar.

MercedesBenz

TheMercedesBenzlogo,whichwasoriginallycreatedbyGottliebDaimlerin1909,consistsofasimpledescriptionofathree-pointedstarthatrepresentsitsruleoftheland,theseaandtheair.ThecompanywasfoundedbyGottliebDaimlerandWilhelmMaybach.MercedesisthenameofMaybach’selderdaughter,whileBenzcameasaresultofacombinationwithBenz,CieandDMGin1926.

Adidas  

TheAdidaslogo,whichwascreatedbythefounderofthecompanyAdiDassler,representsmountains,pointingtowardsthechallengesthatareseenaheadandgoalsthatcanbeachieved.Thelogowasusedforthefirsttimein1967.

21.Whichofthefollowinglogomightappearfirstaccordingtothetext?

A.B.C.D.

22.Whichcompany’slogomayberelatedwithsomemythicsense?

A.Nike.

B.McDonald’s.

C.MercedesBenz.

D.Apple.

23.HowmanytimeshastheApple’slogobeenrevisedinitshistory?

A.5.

B.4.

C.3.

D.2.

B

Untilrecently,scientistsbelievedmemorieswerefirststoredinthehippocampus（海马体）thengradually“transferred”tothecortex（大脑皮层）forlong-termstorage.However,anewstudy

conductedbytheRiken—MITCenterforNeuralCircuitGeneticschallengesthistheory,suggestingthatmemoriesarestoredinthehippocampusandCortexatthesametime,butremain“silent”inthecortexforabouttwoweeksbeforereachingamaturestate.

Scientistshaveassumedthattheengram（记忆印痕）cellsinthecortexthatstorememorywereproducedslowly.“Thecellsactuallydeveloprapidly,”saidTakashiKitamura,aleadauthorofthestudy.

Thepasttheorythatshort-termmemoriesinthehippocampustransfertolong-termmemoriesinthecortexwasdevelopedinthe1970s,whenapatientnamedHenryMolaisonexperiencedadamagedhippocampus,andhelosthisabilitytomakenewmemories.

Untilrecently,scientistslackedareliablewaytotestmemoryconsolidation（实变）theory,Kitamuraexplained.“Mostpreviousstudiesofmemorywerebasedonanalyzinghowdamagetocertainbrainareasaffectsmemory”,hesaid.In2016,whenTonegawaLaboratory,aresearchlabatMIT,developedawaytolabelengramcells,openingthedoortonewwaystotestmemoryconsolidationtheory.

Researchersusedsomemiceduringtheexperiment.Adayafterthemicereceivedanelectricshock.Itsmemoriesofthefear-causingeventwerestoredinengramcellsinboththehippocampusandthecortex.Theengramcellsinthecortex,however,remainedsilent.Thesecellsdidslightbehaviorwhenartificiallyawakenedbylight.Furthermore,whentheconnectionbetweenthehippocampusandcortexwasblocked,long-termmemorywasunabletomature.

Researchersdiscoveredthatmemoryengramcellsnaturallychangetheirstatusfromactivetosilentandfromsilenttoactive.“Ifweidentifytheprinciplesbehindhowsilentmemorycanbeactive,wemayfindatreatmentforamnesia（失忆症）”,Kitamurasaid.

24.Inwhichaspectdoesthenewstudydifferfrompreviousstudiesaccordingtothetext?

A.Theresearchsubject.

B.Theresearchmethod.

C.Theirreliability.

D.Theirapplication.

25.Whatcanbeinferredaboutengramcellsinthetext?

A.Theyonlyexistinthehippocampus.

B.Theyonlyexistinthecortex.

C.Theyarecarriersofmemories.

D.Theykeepstableinstatus.

26.Whatisthekeytothetreatmentforamnesia?

A.Toknowtheprinciplesofengramcells’statuschange.

B.Toidentifythebridgebetweenhippocampusandcortex.

C.Towakeupthesilentmemoryinhippocampus.

D.Toremovetheactivememoryinthecortex.

27.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?

A.Howmemoriesarestored.

B.Whatanewstudyhasfound.

C.Howmemoryengramcellswork.

D.Whatisthefuturetocureamnesia.

C

Afewweeksago,IcalledanUbertotakemetotheBostonairportforaflighthomefortheholidays.AsIslidintothebackseatofthecar,thewarmintonations（语调）ofthedriver’saccentwashedovermeinafamiliarway.

IlearnedthathewasarecentWestAfricanimmigrantwithafewyoungchildren,workinghardtoprovideforhisfamily.Icouldrelate:

IamthedaughteroftwoEthiopianswhomadetheirshareofsacrifices（奉献）toensuremysuccess.ItoldhimIwasonacollegebreakandheadedhometovisitmyparents.That’showhefoundoutIgotoHarvard.Anapprovingeyeglintedatmeintherearviewwindow,andquickly,wecrossedtheboundariesofrideranddriver.Ibecamehisdaughter,allgrownup—theproductofhissacrifice.

Andthencamethefatefulquestion:

“Whatdoyoustudy?

”Ianswered“historyandliterature”andtheprideinhisvoicefaded,asIknewitmight.Ididn’tevengettoadd“andAfrican-Americanstudies”beforehecutin,hisvoicethickwithdisappointment,“AllthatworktogetintoHarvard,andyoustudyhistory?

”

HereIwas,hisdaughter,squanderingthebiggestopportunityofherlife.Hewentontodelivertheage-oldlecturethatallimmigrantkidsknow.Wearetobecomedoctors（orlawyers,ifourparentsarebeinggenerous）—tomakemoneyandsendmoneybackhome.Theunspokendemand,madeacrossgenerations,whichmyUberdriverlaidoutplainly,issimple:

Fulfillyourroleinthenarrative（故事）ofupwardmobilitysoyourchildrencandothesame.

Iusedtofeelanxiousandbackedintoacornerbythequestioning,butnowasajuniorincollege,I’mgratefulfortheirsupportmorethananything.Thisholidayseason,I’vepromisedmyselfIwon’thuffandgetannoyedattheirinquiries.Iwon’tdefensivelyrespondwith“butIplantogotolawschool!

”WhenIgetunrequestedadvice,I’lljustsmileandnod,andenjoythewarmthoftheoccasion.

28.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph1and2?

A.Boththedriverand“I”wereAfricanimmigrants.

B.Thedriverhadsacrificedtoensure“my”success.

C.ThedriverhadadaughterwhowasinHarvard.

D.Thedriverand“I”werefromthesamecountry.

29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“squandering”inthetext?

A.Creating.

B.Ruining.

C.Treasuring.

D.Obtaining.

30.Whatistheunspokendemandmadeonimmigrantkids?

A.Tofulfilltheroleasaparent.

B.Tohelptheirmotherlands.

C.Tomoveupwardinsociety.

D.Tobecomedoctorsorlawyers.

31.Whatis“my”attitudetowardsthequestioningnow?

A.Anxious.

B.Annoyed.

C.Defensive.

D.Appreciative.

D

Everyonewantstowin,andeverybodyknowsit.TakethecaseofOlympicathletes,whotrainhardeachdayforyearstoreachthetopoftheirsportandhopefullywinagoldmedal.Sinceeverycompetitor’sgoalistowin,weassumethatthesilvermedalistswouldbelesshappythangold-medalwinners,butstillhappierthanthoseinthirdplace.Commonsensesaysthatourlevelsofhappinessshouldhavesomethingtodowithourlevelsofachievement—exceptthatoftenthisisn’tthecase.

Researchersfoundthatbronzemedalistsactuallyappearedonthewholetobehappierthansilvermedalists.Howcouldthatbe?

Theanswer,inaword,isgratitude.Silvermedalists,whocomparedthemselvestothegoldmedalists,experienceddisappointmentathavingbeenclosetowinningthegold,butfallingshort.Thebronzemedalists,ontheotherhand,werethankfultohavewonamedalatall,comparingthemselvestoallthosewhodidn’tevenreachtheOlympicplatform．

Ifhappiness,then,istheaimoflife,perhapsourachievement-centeredcultureisgettingitallbackwards.Wefocusonwhatwewantratherthanonwhatwehave.Weforgettobegrateful,andasaresultweforgettobehappy．

We’refromaculturethatteachesustoenvyothers—anotherperson’sachievements—andthatisalwayslookingforwardtowhatcomesnext.Yetinabettersociety,mightwenotlookatwhatallofourearliernextshavealreadyear