河北省衡水中学届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题解析版.docx

河北省衡水中学届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题解析版.docx

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河北省衡水中学届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题解析版

河北省衡水中学2020届高三下学期第一次模拟考试

英语试题

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，每小题2分，满分40分）

A

Our3-daytouralongtheSouthCoasthasitall!

Stunninglandscapes,theGoldenCircle,icecaves,theJokulsarlonIcebergLagoonandNorthernLightswatching.Onthewayweseewaterfalls,volcanoes,floatingicebergs,cliffs,blacksandbeaches,geysers,hotspringsandsomuchmore.ThereareevenoptionsforaglacierhikeoravisittotheSecretLagoon,andduringthesummermonthsyoucanaddaboattouronJokulsarlonGlacierLagoon.

Included:

Reykjavikpick-up&drop-off,minibustour,Englishguidance,2nightsaccommodation,glacier-hiking/ice-cavingequipment,superjeeprideforsomekm,specializedguide

toicecave,entrancefeesandnorthernlights（dependingonconditions,visiblefromSept-Apr）.

Notincluded:

Foodisnotincludedonthistourexceptforbreakfasts.Theboattripontheglacier

lagoonisanoptionalextra（availableinthesummermonths）.Thissellsoutveryfast,sowerecommendyoubookitwhenyouarrangeyourtour.

Bringwithyou:

Warmoutdoorclothing,waterproofjacketandpants,headwearandgloves.Goodhikingbootsareessential.

Note:

Youcanalwaysrentstronghikingboots,waterproofjacketandpantsinthebookingprocess.

IceCaveinformation:

Ourmaincaveis"CrystalIceCave",butifitisinaccessiblewewillvisitanothercave.Duringthesummermonths（Apr-Oct）,wegototheKatlaIceCave.Iftheicecaveisinaccessible,wedoaglacierhikeinstead.

Drop-offinformation:

Wedropyouoffatyourhotelsometimebetween16:

00-19:

00ondaythree,dependingonweatherandroadconditions.

Contactus:

Ifyouhaveaquestionaboutthistouryoucanusethecontactformherebelow.Ifyouhaveageneralinquiry（cancellations,feedback,reschedule,etc.）pleaseclickhere.

1.Whatshouldyoupayextramoneyforduringthetrip?

A.Minibustour.B.Glacierhiking.

C.Entrancefees.D.Lunch.

2.Ifyouwanttohaveaboattrip,you_______.

A.canmakeitallyeararoundB.don’tneedtopayextramoney

C.mustbuywaterproofjacketsD.hadbetterbooktheticketsinadvance

3.Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom?

A.Ahealthnewspaper.B.Asciencefiction.

C.Atravelwebsite.D.Aprojecthandbook.

B

LaurieSantosgreetedherYaleUniversitystudentswithslipsofpaperthatexplained:

Noclasstoday.

Itwasmid-semester（学期）.Withexamsandpaperscoming,everyonewasexhaustedandstressed.Therewasonerule:

Theycouldn’tusetheonehourandaquarterofunexpectedfreetimetostudy,andtheyhadtojustenjoyit.Ninestudentshuggedher.Twoburstintotears.

Santos,aprofessorofpsychology,hadplannedtogivealectureaboutwhatresearchershavelearnedabouthowimportanttimeistohappiness,butshecreatedaspecialclassonthepsychologyoflivingajoyful,meaningfullifeandshewantedthelessonstostick.Allsemester,sheexplainedwhywethinkthewaywedo.Then,shechallengedstudentstousethatknowledgetochangetheirownlives.

Onthatspringafternoon,nearlyaquarteroftheundergraduatestudentswereenjoyinganunexpectedbreakatthesametime.No,notjustenjoyingit-reallylovingthegifttheyhadbeengiven.SkylerRobinson,asophomore,hadbeenconfusedforamomentbyallthepossibilitiesitopenedup.Hefeltvery,veryhappy.Then,hetookanap.“Thatnap,”hesaid,“wasfantastic.”

Santosdesignedthisclassaftersherealized,astheheadofaresidentialcollegeatYale,thatmanystudentswerestressedoutandunhappy,strugglingthroughlongdaysthatseemedtoherfarmorecrushing（惨重的）andjoylessthanherowncollegeyears.

Santossaidstudentsweremostskepticaloftheideathatgoodgradesaren’tessentialtohappiness.Andwhenshejokedshewasgoingtoteachthemthatbygivingeveryone“D”,shewasfloodedwithcallsfromfrightenedstudentsandparents.SantostoldthemshewascreatingacenterforthegoodlifeatthecollegesheleadsatYale.Asforthegoodlife,shetoldthemtheyalreadyknowhowtoliveit-theyjusthavetopracticeandputinhardwork.

Somanystudentshavetoldhertheclasschangedtheirlives.“Ifyou’rereallygrateful,showmethat.”shetoldthem.“Changetheculture.”

4.WhatdidSantosaskherYalestudentstodothatday?

A.Studyforthecomingexams.

B.Enjoythefreetimeinherclass.

C.Applytheirwayofthinkingtolife.

D.Realizetheimportanceoftime.

5.WhatdoesSantosthinkofherYalestudents?

A.Theycarenothingaboutgradesbuthappiness.

B.Theyarestressedintoahopelessgeneration.

C.Theyarelivingajoyfulandmeaningfullife.

D.Theysuffergreatpressurefromlearning.

6.HowwasSantos’specialclassthatday?

A.Popular.B.Discouraging.

C.Humorous.D.dull

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Yalehasaspecialcourseaboutsociallife.

B.Yaleteachesitsstudentsaboutgoodgrades.

C.Yalehasacourseallaboutlivinghappily.

D.Yalehelpsitsstudentsreducelearningpressure.

C

We’veknownthatsittingforlongperiodsoftimeeverydayhascountlesshealthconsequences,likeahigherriskofheartdisease.Butnowanewstudyhasfoundthatsittingisalsobadforyourbrain.

Astudypublishedlastweek,conductedbyDr.PrabhaSiddarthattheUniversityofCalifornia,showedthatsedentary（久坐的）behaviorisassociatedwithreducedthicknessofthemedialtemporallobe（中颞叶）,abrainareathatiscriticaltolearningandmemory.

Theresearchersaskedagroupof35healthypeople,ages45to70,abouttheiractivitylevelsandtheaveragenumberofhourseachdayspentsittingandthenscannedtheirbrains.Theyfoundthatthesubjectswhoreportedsittingforlongerperiodshadthethinnestmedialtemporallobes.Itmeansthatthemoretimeyouspendinachairtheworseitisforyourbrainhealth,resultinginpossibledamagetolearningandmemory.

Whatisalsointerestingisthatthisstudydidnotfindasignificantassociationbetweenthelevelofphysicalactivityandthicknessofthisbrainarea,suggestingthatexercise,evensevereexercise,maynotbeenoughtoprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.

Itthensurprisinglyturnedoutthatyoudon’tevenhavetomovemuchtoenhancecognition（认知）;juststandingwilldothetrick.Forexample,twogroupsofsubjectswereaskedtocompleteatestwhileeithersittingorstanding.Participantsarepresentedwithconflictingstimuli（刺激）,liketheword“green”inblueink,andaskedtonamethecolor.Subjectsthinkingontheirfeetbeatthosewhosatbya3-milicondmargin.

Thecognitiveeffectsofseverephysicalexercisearewellknown.Butthepossibilitythatstandingmoreandsittinglessimprovesbrainhealthcouldlowerthebarforeveryone.

Iknow,thisallrunscountertoreceivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous“Thinker,”seatedwithchinonhand.

Theywerewrong.Youcannowallstandup.

8.WhatcanweinferfromParagraphs3and4?

A.Severeexercisecanlessenthedamageofsitting.

B.Severeexercisecangreatlyimproveourbrainhealth.

C.Sedentarybehaviorwillpossiblydamageourbrain.

D.Brainhealthhasnothingtodowithsedentarybehavior.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“margin”inParagraph5mean?

A.blank.B.edge.

C.decrease.D.difference.

10.Whatisthereceivedideaaboutdeepthought?

A.Sittingmoreisgoodforourmentalhealth.

B.Sittingisbetterwhenwethink.

C.Exercisemorecanimproveourcognition.

D.Weshouldstandwhilethinking.

11.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.

A.peopletendtositwhilethinking

B.standingmorecanmakeourbrainhealthier

C.physicalexercisecanimproveourbrainhealth

D.sedentarybehaviorleadstocountlesshealthproblems

D

Scientistshavedevelopedanewtypeofsmartbandage（绷带）thatcansignalthetypeofbacterial（细菌的）infectionit’sprotecting,justlikeatrafficlight,aswellasreleasetherighttypeofdrugsondemand.Thetrafficlightsystemworksjustlikethis:

Greenmeansnobacteriaoralowconcentrationofbacteria,yellowmeansdrug-sensitive（DS）bacteriaresponsivetostandardantibiotics（抗生素）andcausesantibioticrelease,andredmeansdrug-resistant（DR）bacteriathatneedextrahelptobewipedout.

Intestingthebandageonmice,theresearchteamwasabletosuccessfullytreatbothDSandDRinfectionsusingthenewmethod.However,thecommonmethodsofsensingresistancearelimitedbytime,therequirementforprofessionalpersonnel,andexpensiveinstruments.Moreover,theabuseofantibioticscausestheacceleratedprocessofbacterialresistance.

It’seasytoseehowasimplebandageandlightcouldovercomesomeoftheselimitations.Treatmentdoesn’thavetowaitforadoctortomakeadiagnosis,andthebandagecangettherightsortofdrugsappliedattheearliestopportunity.What’smore,thepersonwearingthebandagegetsreal-timefeedbackonwhat’shappeningwiththeinfection,ifthere’saninfectionatall.Theresearcherssayitoffersnumerousbenefitsoverexistingtreatmentsthatmakeuseoflight,includingphotodynamictherapyorPDT.

We’vebeenseeingquiteafewupgradestothetraditionalbandageinrecentyears,thankstoadvancesinscience—likethenanofibermeshthatattractsbacteriaanddrawssomeofitout,speedingupthehealingprocess.Thenthere’sthenovelbandagefortreatingburns,whichstopsbacteriafrommultiplyingandlowerstheriskofinfection.

Themoreworkthatabandagecandowhileit’sprotectingawound,thebetter.Effortstoimprovebandagescontinueandnowwe’vegotabandagethatnotonlyreleasesantibiotics,butalsotellsthepatientexactlywhat’sgoingontoo.

12.Whatisthesmartbandagemainly