新编英语教程3 Unit 11 language work.docx

新编英语教程3 Unit 11 language work.docx

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新编英语教程3Unit11languagework

Unit11

TextI

I．WritingSkills

‘AfterTwentyYears’isashortstorywrittenbyOHenry.Theshortstoryisaformoffictiongenerallyunder10,000wordsinlength.Becauseofitslimitedlength,ashortstorypresentsveryfewcharacters（generallyoneortwo）,andfocusesononlyoneevent.Throughsomemeansorother,theshortstoryachievessuspenseanddramaticeffectthroughcomplication.

①Structurally,ashortstorymaybreakupintofivesections:

thesituation（settingandabriefintroductiontothecharacters）,thegeneratingcircumstance（theincidentinthestory）,therisingaction,theclimaxandtheending.

②Theplotisdevelopedmainlythroughthedialogues.

③Thecharactersaredescribedandshowntothereadersthroughtheirexternalactionanddialogue.

④Thelanguageofthisshortstoryissomewhatout-datedandungrammaticalattimes.

II．LanguagePoints

1.onthebeat:

ontheroutehewasorderedtopatrol

beat:

（n）

①theusualpathfollowedbyapolicemanonduty巡逻

e.g.Thetwopolicemenarecoveringtheir~s.

par.Theyoungpolicemanwasontheroutehewasorderedtopatrol.

（Theyoungpolicemanwasonhis~.）

②theparticularnewssourceoractivitythatareporterisresponsibleforcovering

记者负责采访的新闻,范围或单位

e.g.Thefledglingnewspaperreporterisonthesports~.

ThewomanreporterhasbeenremovedfromtheWhiteHouse~.

ShegoesoutontheCityHall~fortheeveningpaperat3everyafternoon.

beoutof/offone’s~:

（fig.）bedoingsth.withwhichoneisnotfamiliar,sth.differentfromone’susualwork做非本行的工作,做自己不熟悉的事

e.g.Doingthatisratheroffmy~.

Englishgrammarisoutofmy~.

2.impressively:

admirably

①impressive:

（adj.）:

makingadeepimpressiononthemindandfeelings

于人印象深刻的,令人佩服的

e.g.Theyobservedan~ceremonylastweek.

Mr.Brownmadean~speechonenvironmentalprotection.

②impressiveness:

（n.）

e.g.Thisgives~towhathesays.

Theprofessor’s~makesusadmireandrespecthim.

③impressively:

（adv.）

e.g.Thepolicemanwalkedalongthestreetimpressively.

3.forshow:

intendedtobeseenbutnotused

e.g.Hewearsglassesforshowonmanyoccasions.

Allthisceremonyisjustemptyshow:

it’salldoneforshow:

itdoesn’tmeana

thing.

Thedecorationisjustforshow,notforcomfort.

par.Sheiswearingaverybrightdressatthepartytoshowherself.

Manypeopledonatedmoneynottoshowthemselvesbuttohelpthepoor.

4.casthiswatchfuleyedownthepacificthoroughfare

eye:

thepowerofseeing

e.g.Thelittlegirl’sfellontheteddybearassoonassheenteredtheroom.

Toagreatsculptor’s~,ayoungmusculararcherreadytoshootanarrowwould

makeagoodstatue.

Thereismuchtoarrestthe~ofthetravellersinthissouvenirshop.

castaneye/one’seyeat/on/ove:

lookat,examine

e.g.Thepolicemanondutyalwayscastaneyeat/over/ontheplacestheyare

responsiblefor.

par.Pleasekeepaneyeontheluggageforawhile.

Heaskedmetoexaminetheconditionofthemachine.

5.vicinity:

（n.）

①nearness,closenessofrelationship（fml）

beinclose~to

e.g.Thisschoolisinclose~tothechurch.

②neighborhood

e.g.Therearetwoprimaryschoolsinour~.

Arethereanyamusementparksinthis~?

par.Therearenoshopsintheneighborhood.

Thepostofficeissomewhereintheneighborhood.

Therearequiteafewuniversitiesintheneighborhood.

inthe~of:

a）near

par.Therearesomecinemasintheplacenearourcollege.

Thebiggestpostofficeinourcityisneartherailwaystation.

Hishomeisnearourfactory.

b）:

about

par.Hisincomeisabout$5,000ayear.

Thecostoftheleathercoatisabouttwentydollars.

6.（every）nowandthen/again:

attimes;formtimetotime;occasionally

par.Idon’tthinkaboutmyoldhomeverymuch,onlyfromtimetotime.

Foreignvisitorscometoourcountyoccasionally.

Attimes,IseeDavidatthelibrary.

7.majority

①majority（n.）:

thegreaternumberoramount（espofpeople）;most

a/the~of

e.g.The~ofdoctorsbelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.

Theproposalfailedtofinda~.

par.Thenewleaderissupportedbythegreaternumberofthepeople.

Mostpeopleseemtopreferwatchinggamestoplayinggames.

Thecompanyholdsthegreateramountofthestock.

beinthe/a~:

thegreaternumberofpeopleorthings居多,占大多数

e.g.Peoplewhocanreadandwritearenotinthe~insomecountries.

par.Inourdepartment,thegreaternumberofstudentsaregirlstudents.

②major

a）（adj.）:

greaterwhencomparedwithothers,insize,number,orimportance

e.g.Thecarneeds~repairs.（大修）

Theplayisa~success.

b）（vi.）:

specializein（acertainsubject）atcollegeoruniversity

e.g.Brian~edineconomicswhenhewasatcollege.

I~inEnglishandminorinFrench.（主修英语,兼修法语）

c）（n.）:

subject~edin

e.g.Canyoutellmewhatyour~is,Christina?

8.havelongsince:

It’salongtimesince

par.It’salongtimesinceheworkedinthiscompany.

（Hehaslongsinceworkedinthiscompany.）

ItisalongtimesinceIforgotwhatourquarrelwasabout.

（I’velongsinceforgottenwhatourquarrelwasabout.）

It’salongtimesincehemarried.

（Hehasmarriedlongsince.）

9.hardwarestore

-ware:

（n.）

①thingsofthesamehardmaterial,esp.foruseinahouse,hotel,restaurant,etc.器皿,制品

e.g.tinware/ironware/goldware/silverware/jadeware

②thingsusedinthestatedplaceforthepreparationoffood烹调用具

e.g.kitchenwareovenware/microwaveovenware

10.reassure

①reassure（vt.）:

tocomfortandmakefreefromfear,removedoubtsorworriesof

e.g.Thedoctor~dthesickman（about/ofhishealth）.

Themotherwas/felt~dwhensheknewherson’ssafety.

②reassurance（n.）

e.g.Shewon’tbelieveitinspiteofallour~（s）.

③reassuring（adj.）

e.g.Pets,suchasdogsandcats,like~pats.

Hewaslongingfor~words.

④reassuringly（adv.）

e.g.“Youwillbeallright,”hesaid~.

11.betorndown=bepulleddown:

bebrokeninpiecesanddestroyed（something

built）

par.Halfthehousesinthestreetarebeingpulleddowntomakeroomforthenew

postoffice.

Manyoldbuildingshavealreadybeenpulleddowninourvicinity.

tearsth.down/off/away/outof:

cause（sth.）toourofplacebypullingsharply

e.g.Themantoreanoticedownfromanotice-board.

Onepageismissinghere;itmusthavebeentornoutofthebook.

Hetoreoffhisclothesandjumpedintothewatertosavetheboyfrom

drowning.

tearoneselfaway（from）:

leave;stopdoing

e.g.AtlastwetoreourselvesawayfromGuilinandreturnedhome.

par.Shecouldhardlymakeuphermindtoleavethebeautifulpark.

（Shecouldhardlytearherselfawayfromthebeautifulpark.）

Theboycouldn’tputdownhisteddybear.

（Theboycouldnottearhimselfawayfromhisteddybear.）

12.oddlyset

set:

fix,putonethingfirmlyinanother镶,嵌

setsth.insth./setsth.withsth.

e.g.Thekingiswearingacrownsetwithjewels.

Thetopsofthewallsweresetwithbrokenglass.

Pleasesetthisdiamondinthering.

13.figure

①（v.）

a）believe,think,imagine

e.g.Youmay~thesituationforyourself.

I~thatdifferentpeoplelikedifferentthings.

She~dthatshewouldshewouldbethenexttobeinterviewed.

b）haveapart（inaplay）,appear

e.g.He~dasHenryVIIIintheplay.

She~daschiefguestattheparty.

Hisname~dinmyrecentreport.

c）usedinphrases

~sth.out:

calculate,workout,reckon

e.g.Weshould~outthecostoftheoperationprecisely.

Hecouldn’t~outwhathadgonewrongwiththewashingmachine.

par.Icanhardlyworkouttheanswertothisproblem.

Wetriedourbesttoworkoutwhathemeant.

~in:

reckonin,include,takeintoaccount

e.g.Haveyou~dintheexpensesinthehotel?

Didyou~inthecostofataxiacrossLondon?

~on:

expect,estimate,conclude

e.g.Wedidn’t~onsomanypeoplehere.

Ididn’t~onhispresence.

②（n.）

a）symbolforanumber,esp.0to9

e.g.Hehasanincomeofsix~s.

Willyoucheckthese~s?

b）（pl.）arithmetic

e.g.Areyougoodat~s?

c）humanform,esptheappearanceandwhatitsuggests

e.g.Isawa~approachinginthedarkness.

Thedancerhasagood/handsome~.

Iamdietingtokeepmy~.

d）（animportant）person,esphischaracterofinfluence

e.g.Thenewleaderisadominating~likeNapoleon.

MahatmaGandhiwasbothapoliticalandareligious~inIndianhistory.

e）price

e.g.Weboughtthehouseataveryhigh/low~.

Namethelowest~youcantake/accept.

14.destiny

①destiny（n.）

a）[u]:

fate,powerbelievedtocontrolevents命运

e.g.Destinyoftenplaystricksonhumanbeings.（命运之神常常捉弄人）

Destinyissometimescruel.

b）[c]:

thatwhichhappenstosb.,thoughtofasdeterminedinadvancebyfate定数,天

命

e.g.Itwashis~todieinaforeigncountry,farfromhisfamily.

Itwasthegreatman’s~toleadhiscountrytofreedom.

2destine（vt.）:

（usu.pass.）decideorordaininadvance,intendedbyfate,willedby

God

e.g.Heasasoldier’ssonandwas~dfrombirthforthearmy.

Theywere~dnevertomeetagain.

Hishopeswere~dtoberealized./Hewas~dtofailure.

par.Fatehaddeterminedthathisworkshouldneversucceed.

（Hisworkwasdestinednevertosucceed.）

IneverthoughtthatIwouldmarryher,butIsupposeFatehaddecidedthatI

shoulddoit.

（Ineverthought…,butIsupposeitwasdestined/Iwasdestinedtomarryher.）

15.correspond

1correspond:

（v.）

a）exchangelettersregularlywith

~withsb.

e.g.I~withmybrothersandsistersregularly.

JanetandHandson~edforseveralyearsbeforetheymet.

par.Ourteacherhasbeenexchangingletterswithhisstudents.

Ja