届高考英语总复习真题研练22 23附答案和解释试题两套.docx

届高考英语总复习真题研练22 23附答案和解释试题两套.docx

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届高考英语总复习真题研练2223附答案和解释试题两套

2018届高考英语总复习真题研练2223附答案和解释试题两套

2018届高考英语总复习真题研练23有答案和解释

Task1：

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

（2015•湖北，C）HilversumisamediumsizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland，theNetherlands.UnlikemostoftheNetherlands，Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam，itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople，Hilversumisallabouttextile（纺织）andmediaindustries，andmodernarchitecture.

Inhistory，Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedbyfarming，sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuiltthemselveslargevillas（别墅）inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers，currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1960s.

Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920，whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek（NSF）establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.Mostradiostationssettledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediacapitaloftheNetherlands，andDutchtelevisionstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.

Intheearly1900s，modernarchitectsW．M.DudokandJ．DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces（杰作）aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsstillbearhisuniquecharacteristics.Hismasterpiece，HilversumTownHall，wasbuiltin1928－1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeacombinationof“blocks”．Actually，onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbikingtheW．M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum.

【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍荷兰小镇Hilversum的前世今生。

1．HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat________.

A．ithasalargepopulation

B．itiscutofffrombigcities

C．ithasmanybeautifulgardens

D．itisinahillyareawithsandysoil

答案　D[细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“UnlikemostoftheNetherlands，Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.”可知，Hilversum区别于荷兰其他诸多城市的一点就是其处在多山地带，且土壤多是沙土，这和D项中的hilly及sandy吻合。

]

2．WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?

A．BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdam.

B．Helpingitstextileindustrytodevelop.

C．Constructinglargevillasforthepoor.

D．Assistingitsagriculturalindustry.

答案　B[细节理解题。

根据第二段倒数第三句“TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.”可知，这个富有的家族经营的是纺织产业，他们的迁入促进了Hilversum纺织业的快速发展。

这与B项中的textileindustry吻合。

由此可知应选择B项。

]

3．ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof________.

A．aradiofactoryB．themediacapital

C．aradiostationD．aTVstation

答案　A[细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句“Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920，when...establishedaradiofactory...”可知，Hilversum媒体产业的开始是以一家无线电工厂的建立为标志的，由此可知应选择A项。

注意不要受到C项radiostation的影响，该短语意为“广播站”，不符合题意。

]

4．WhatisknownaboutW．M.Dudok'sHilversumTownHall?

A．Itconsistsofapproximately75buildings.

B．Itlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecity.

C．Itisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooks.

D．Ithasshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversum.

答案　C[推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“Hismasterpiece，HilversumTownHall...Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.”可知，这个地方举世闻名，已被列入许多建筑学的教科书中，由此可知应该选择C项。

]

Task2：

词汇积累

1．consistof由……组成

Mostpeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatallmatterconsistsofatoms.

大多数人熟悉一切物质都是由原子组成的这一概念。

2．urbanadj.城市的；都市的

3．combinationn．结合；组合；联合

4．currentlyadv.现在；通常；当前

5．remarkableadj.非凡的；值得注意的

6．architecturen．建筑学；结构

7．approximatelyadv.大约，近似地；近于

8．substantialn．本质；重要材料adj.大量的；实质的

Task3：

单句语法填空

1．Theyvisititfora________（relax）dayofffromtheurbanmadness.

2．Thelastfactoryclosedin________1960s.

3．________（actual），onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbikingtheW．M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum.

4．Arailwaylink________Amsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.

5．Dailylife________（mark）byfarming，sheepraisingandwoolproduction.

答案　1.relaxing2.the3.Actually4.to5.wasmarked

Task4：

单句改错

1．OncecallingtheGardenofAmsterdam，itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.

2．Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces（杰作）aresomuchthatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.

3．UnlikemostoftheNetherlands，Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistedofsand.

答案　1.calling→called2.much→many3.consisted→consisting

Task5：

攻克长难句（分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语）

Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces（杰作）aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.

分析：

这是一个主从复合句，thatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum为that引导的结果状语从句。

译文：

这些现代化的建筑杰作如此之多以至于Hilversum感觉起来几乎就像一个露天的博物馆。

2018届高考英语总复习真题研练22附答案和解释

Task1：

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

（2015•全国Ⅱ，B）Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.

Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating，forpeopleareoftenlessselfconscious（难为情）whenthey'reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn'thaveenoughwindowlight，getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.

Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy，peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing，whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit'stimetorepaint，goblue.

Don'tforgettheclock—ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories（卡路里）permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime，andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou'reatit，actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown，turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.

Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12inchplateinsteadofa10inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone，totalintake（摄入）jumpsby14percent.Andwe'llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort，wideglassthanatall，skinnyglass.

【语篇解读】　这是一篇科普说明文。

短文主要说明了人的食量与房子粉刷的颜色、灯光的明暗等有着密切的关系。

它们对人的身材会产生一定的影响。

1．Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout________.

A．theirhomecomfortsB．theirbodyshape

C．housebuyingD．healthydiets

答案　B[推理判断题。

短文主要说明了饮食与室内光线、墙壁的颜色、餐具的尺寸及进餐的速度等有着密切的关系。

显然这对于那些注重体型的人是有所帮助的。

故答案为B。

]

2．Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople________.

A．digestfoodbetterB．reducefoodintake

C．burnmorecaloriesD．regaintheirappetites

答案　B[事实细节题。

根据第三段“...peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.”可知，蓝色的用餐环境有助于减少食物摄入量。

因此B项正确。

]

3．Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?

A．Eatquickly.B．Playfastmusic.

C．Usesmallerspoons.D．Turndownthelights.

答案　C[事实细节题。

由第四段第二句可知，进餐快的人比进餐慢的人每顿饭多消耗70卡路里的热量。

由此可知A项错误。

由第四段倒数第二句中的“turnonrelaxingmusic”可知B项不对。

而由第二段首句中的“turnupthelights”可知D项也是错误的。

根据最后一段“whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone，totalintakejumpsby14percent.”也可直接推知答案为C。

]

4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?

B．WaysofServingDinner

C．EffectsofSelfConsciousness

D．IsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?

答案　A[标题归纳题。

短文首句即为主题句：

房子可能影响住户的身材。

接下来从房子的颜色、室内灯光等方面说明了对饮食的影响。

用A项作标题，既能总括全文，又能吸引读者。

]

Task2：

词汇积累

1．have/hasaneffecton对……有影响

2．playarolein在……起作用

3．turnup打开；出现；到场

4．appetiten．欲望，（特指）胃口，食欲

haveagood〔poor〕appetite食欲旺盛〔不振〕

5．consumevt.消费，消耗；浪费

Task3：

语法填空

Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayarolein__1__youpackonthepoundsorkeep__2__off.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadof__3__you.Herearesomeways__4__（turn）yourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.

Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating，forpeopleareoftenlessselfconscious（难为情）whenthey'reinpoorly__5__（light）places—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn'thaveenoughwindowlight，getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewith__6__（bight）．

答案　1.whether2.them3.against4.toturn5.lit6．brightness

Task4：

短文改错（下面文字有五处错误，请改正）

Don'tforgettheclock—or∧theradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeatabout70fewercalories（卡路里）permealthanthatthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime，andtrytomakeadinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou'reatit，actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown，turnonrelaxedrelaxingmusic.

Task5：

攻克长难句（分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语）

Inonestudy，peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.

分析：

这是一个主从复合句。

主句为peopleconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom；whoatemealsinablueroom为定语从句，修饰先行词people。

译文：

一项研究发现，在绿色房间吃饭的人们比在黄色或红色房间吃饭的人少消耗33%。

T