新课标英语高三总复习 课堂演练 28.docx
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新课标英语高三总复习课堂演练28
课时作业28
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·海南省海口市第一中学月考)
Shouldeveryteenagerbegivenavaccine(疫苗)againsttheeffectsofnicotine,andsopreventthembecomingaddictedtocigarettes?
Thiscontroversialpossibilityseemslikelytohappeninthefuture,thankstothedevelopmentofanewvaccinefornicotineaddiction.Thevaccinewasdesignedforpeoplewhowanttoquitsmokingbutwhorepeatedlyrelapse(复发).Butsincemostcountriesarefailingtocutthenumberofchildrentakingupsmoking,manypeoplewillwanttoknowwhetherthevaccineshouldbeusedfarmorewidelyifitprovestobeeffective.
“Thevaccinewillbetestedfirstonrelapsingsmokers,thenonthosewhoplantoquit,thenonthosewhoarenotyetcompletelyaddicted,”saysFrankVoccioftheNationalInstituteofDrugAbuse.“Thefinalstepwouldbevaccinatingyoungpeoplebeforetheyeventrysmoking,butthat'salongwaydowntheroad.”
JohnRoberts,medicaldirectorofBritishdrugcompanyXenova,isveryenthusiastic.“Ithinkpreventionisahugeopportunity,”hesays.“Ifyoucantakeawaythepleasurenicotinegives,thenteenagerswhostartsmokingaremorelikelytostopbeforeitbecomesahabit.”
80%ofsmokersstartintheirteens,with360,000teenagersandchildrenintheU.S.takingupthehabitperyear.Butwouldthevaccinebegiventoallteenagersoronlyaselectedfew?
“It'shardtodecidewhichchildrenaremostatriskofbecomingsmokers,”saysAmandaSandfordofActiononSmokingandHealth.Insteadshefavorseducationasawayofdiscouragingchildrenfromsmoking.NabiBiopharmaceuticalsisalsocautious,“Itisverydifficulttoknowwhatistherightagetogivethevaccinetochildren.”
Therearealsoworriesaboutgivingthevaccinetolongtermadultsmokers.Willaddictedsmokerssimplytrytobeatthevaccine'santibodies(抗体)bysmokingmore?
GaryNorwith,Nabi'sclinicaldirector,saysthiswouldbealmostimpossible.“You'dhavetostickanentirepackofcigarettesinyourmouthandsmokeforhourstobeattheantibodies,”hesays.
1.What'sRoberts'sattitudetowardsgivingteensthevaccine?
A.Cautious. B.Positive.
C.Doubtful.D.Worried.
2.WhatmaySanfordagreewith?
A.Olderchildrenhavetherighttodecide.
B.Childrenaremostatriskofbecomingsmokers.
C.Everychildshouldbegiventhevaccine.
D.It'simportanttoeducatechildrenonthedangerofsmoking.
3.Norwith'swordsinthelastparagraphsuggestthat________.
A.thevaccineiseffectiveinhelpingaddictedsmokers
B.itishardforchildrentobecomelongtermsmokers
C.longtermadultsmokerssmokeforhourseveryday
D.heisworriedaboutthevaccine'slongtermeffects
4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Strongeffectsofnicotine.
B.Stopthembeforetheystart.
C.Moreteenagersbecomeaddicted.
D.Protectteenagenicotineaddiction.
答案与解析
每个青少年都应该注射尼古丁疫苗来阻止他们吸烟上瘾吗?
本文围绕这一问题展开了讨论。
1.B 根据第四段中JohnRoberts,medicaldirectorofBritishdrugcompanyXenova,isveryenthusiastic.“Ithinkpreventionisahugeopportunity,”可知Roberts持积极态度。
故选项B正确。
2.D 根据第五段Insteadshefavorseducationasawayofdiscouragingchildrenfromsmoking.一句可知Sanford认为重要的是要教育孩子们吸烟的危害。
故答案选D。
3.A 根据最后一段中Willaddictedsmokerssimplytrytobeatthevaccine'santibodies(抗体)bysmokingmore?
GaryNorwith,Nabi'sclinicaldirector,saysthiswouldbealmostimpossible.可知GaryNorwith认为疫苗很有效。
故答案A正确。
4.B 通读全文可知本文围绕“每个青少年都应该注射尼古丁疫苗来阻止他们吸烟上瘾吗?
”这一问题展开了讨论。
故答案B正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·长安一中检测)
Havingbadfeelingaboutworld?
“Cheerup.”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”__1__
1)__2__
ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,andbettercars.__3__Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe'llbe.
2)Brilliantadvances
Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longerlivedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.__4__Todayit'shalfsecond.
3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechange
__5__Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossilfuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywellmeaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanosebleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.
A.Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidence.
B.Overreactiontoclimatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.
C.Shoppingfuelsinvention.
D.And,ofcourse,weearnmorepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.
E.In1950itwaseightseconds.
F.It'shightimethatwetookimmediateactiontofightclimatechange.
G.Here'showheexplainshisviews.
答案与解析
人类的进步是无法阻挡的,是令人乐观的。
在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中,作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象,并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。
1.G 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。
此处起到了承上启下的作用,根据上句:
世界现在是一个非常适合居住的地方,它将持续不断地使人类和大自然变得更好。
可知,此处是对后文几条建议的综述。
故选G。
2.C 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。
根据本段第一句:
据报道仅在伦敦就有100多亿产品在销售;再根据本段最后一句可知,购物刺激发明创造,刺激消费,促进生产,这种情况越多,我们将会越富有。
根据句意和句子结构,可知是社会的需求、人们生活的提高而更加刺激和促进了发明与创造。
故选C。
3.D 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。
根据上句:
我们这一代有更多的营养食品,更方便的交通,更大的房子和更好的汽车。
再根据下句:
只要用这些钱制造其他的东西,这将会持续。
可知,此处在叙述“我们”这一代比前辈们更为优越的几个方面。
所以,D项内容符合上下文。
故选D。
4.E 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。
根据前后的“In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor...Todayit'shalfsecond.”可知,作者以“照明”为例子在叙述其在各个时代的发展。
故选E。
5.B 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。
根据空格后的例子:
一个孩子死于户内的烟,和文章最后一句可知,如果气候变化证明是轻微的,然而降低二氧化碳会引起麻烦,那么很可能会发现我们用止血带缠绕脖子以此止住鼻血。
此处暗指对气候变化的过度反应存在危险。
故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·新疆兵团第二师检测)
Agroupoffrogsweretravelingthroughthewoods,andtwoofthem__1__(fall)intoahole.Alltheotherfrogslookeddown.Whentheysawhowdeep__2__holewas,theytoldthetwofrogsthattheywoulddiesoon.
Atfirst,bothofthetwofrogsdidn'tcaretheirwordsandtried__3__besttojumpoutofthehole.Theotherfrogskepttellingthemtostop,becausetheythoughttherewasnochance__4__(jump)outofsuchadeephole.Finally,oneofthetwofrogsbelievedthesewordsandgaveup.Hefelldownanddied.
Theotherfrogcontinuedtojumpashardashecould.Onceagain,thecrowdoffrogsshoutedathimtostopthepainandjustdie.Hejumpedeven__5__(hard)andfinallysucceeded.Whenhegotout,theotherfrogsasked,“Didn'tyouhearus?
”__6__theirgreatsurprise,thefrogturnedouttobedeaf.Hethoughttheywerehelpinghimallthetime,not__7__(stop)him.
Thisstoryteachestwolessons:
Thereispoweroflifeanddeathinthetongue.Wellmeantwordscanhelppeopleintrouble.But,evilwordssometimescankillthem.Becarefulof__8__yousay.
Rememberthepowerofwords.Anyonecanspeakwords__9__arelikelytomakepeoplegiveupindifficult__10__(time).
答案与解析
两只青蛙同时落入深井中,上面的青蛙对他们大喊:
“你们出不来了,不要跳了。
”一只青蛙听到他们的喊声,放弃了,最后死了。
而另一只青蛙一直在跳,最终跳出来了。
原来,他听不见,他以为上面的青蛙在给他加油呢!
由此可见,人们说的话有时能够影响他人的生死。
1.fell 考查动词的时态。
由全文可知应用一般过去时态。
2.the 考查冠词。
前文已提到ahole,此处再提到应用定冠词。
3.their 考查代词。
their代指本句中的twofrogs。
4.tojump 考查非谓语动词。
名词chance后常用不定式作后置定语。
5.harder 考查副词的比较级。
根据语境可知,这只青蛙听到同伴们的喊声,跳得比以前更用力,因此填hard的比较级形式harder。
6.To 考查介词。
toone'ssurprise“使某人吃惊的是……”为固定搭配。
7.stopping 考查动词的形式。
根据句意stopping与前边helping应为并列关系,因此形式相同。
8.what 考查宾语从句。
句中的Becarefulof之后为宾语从句,且从句中say后缺宾语,故填what。
9.that/which 考查定语从句。
10.times 考查名词。
difficulttimes“困难的时候”。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·贵州省凯里市第一中学检测)
DearPeter,
OurschoolphotographyclubisgoingtoholdaInternationalHighSchoolStudentPhotographyShow.Thethemeoftheshowisenvironmentallyprotection.ItwillstartfromJune15thbutlastforthreeweeks.Anystudentwhoareinterestediswelcometoparticipate.Iknowyoutakegoodpictureandyou'vealwayswantedtodosomethingforenvironmentalprotection.Irememberyoushowmesomephotosonthatthemethelasttimeyouvisitedinourschool.Thisissurelyagoodchanceformorepeopletoseethem.Ifyouwantjoin,youcansendourphotostointelphotoshow@.
I'mlookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.
Yours,
LiHua
答案
DearPeter,
Ourschoolphotographyclubisgoingtohold
InternationalHighSchoolStudentPhotographyShow.Thethemeoftheshowis
protection.ItwillstartfromJune15th
lastforthreeweeks.Anystudentwho
interestediswelcometoparticipate.Iknowyoutakegood
andyou'vealwayswantedtodosomethingforenvironmentalprotection.Irememberyou
mesomephotosonthatthemethelasttimeyouvisited
ourschool.Thisissurelyagoodchanceformorepeopletoseethem.Ifyouwant
join,youcansend
photostointelphotoshow@.
I'mlookingforwardto
fromyousoon.
Yours,
LiHua
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2017·广西省柳州市铁一中学月考)
假如你叫张华,你们的英文校报“EnglishGarden”向你约稿。
请结合下列提示,就图书馆的情况给校长写一封信,说明新建的图书馆很漂亮,但存在一些问题。
问题包括:
1.阅览室的座位少;2.星期六、日不开放;3.无法知道有什么新书可看。
最后对反映的问题提出自己的建议。
注意:
1.词数120~150;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯,内容充实。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
I'mwritingtotellyouthatallofusarenicetoseeourne