上海高中英语常考的60个熟词新义以及相关拓展知识.docx
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上海高中英语常考的60个熟词新义以及相关拓展知识
1.absent adj.缺席的→adj.茫然的,恍惚的
名词absence
Shelookedatthepictureinanabsent(茫然的)way.
2.ache v.&n.疼痛→v.渴望
如Haveaheadache
Havingleftforages,hewasaching(渴望)forhome.
3.address n.地址 v.写地址→vt.发表演说
学生经常会只记住地址的意思。
Thepresidentwilladdress(发表演说)hisspeechat3:
00pm.
4.against prep.逆着,反对;倚,靠;碰→prep.以...为背景
反义词beforsb支持某人
Thepicturelooksniceagainst(以...为背景)thewhitewall.
5.attend v.出席;参加→v.看护;治疗;陪同
名词attendant
Thenurseattended(看护)tohimdayandnight.
6.blank adj.空白的n.空白→adj.没表情的;空虚的;没兴趣的
如ablanksheet
一张白纸;纯洁的心灵
Thestrangerreturnedmygreetingwithablank(没表情的)look.
7.blue adj.&n.蓝色→adj.忧伤的
Hissongsalwaysmakemefeelblue(忧伤的).
8.build vt.建筑,建造→v.逐渐增强n.体格,体形,身材
Oneshouldreceivetrainingtobuild(逐渐增强)upone'sconfidence.
You'reright,Josh.Hemayhaveasmallbuild(身材).
9.cause vt.促使,引起→n.原因,起因;事业,目标
Evenwithastaffof22volunteers,Thomasoftendevotesupto50hoursaweektohiscause(事业).
10.cloudy adj.阴的,多云的→adj.不明朗的,不清晰的
Whowilltakehisplacestillremainscloudy(不明朗的).
11.coach n.教练→v.辅导,指导
Shecoached(指导)meinplayingfootball.
12.count n.&v.计算,数→vi.有价值,重要
名词accountant会计人员
Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts(重要).
13.course n.课程;过程→n.一道菜
∙n.科目;课程;过程;进程;道路;路线,航向;一道菜
∙vt.追赶;跑过
∙vi.指引航线;快跑
Thecourses(菜谱)varywithseasons.
14.cover v.覆盖→v.行走(一段路程);足以支付,够付;采访n.书刊封面,封皮
Motor-carscover(行走一段路程)ahundredmilesinlittlemorethananhour.
Tocover(足以支付)thecostofhiringabus,eachstudentwillhavetopay$10eachtime.
15.cross v.跨越,横穿n.十字→adj.生气的
Don'tbecross(生气的)withhim—afterall,heisachild.
16.desert n.沙漠→v.抛弃,离弃
同义词ditch
Hedeserted(抛弃)his wife and children and wentabroad.
17.deal vi.处理,解决→n.交易
Havingbeencheatedinabusinessdeal(交易),hewasreducedtonothing.
18.develop v.发展;开发;研制→v.冲印
同义词exploit
Didyouhavethefilmsdeveloped(冲印)?
19.drive v.驾驶→v.迫使(某人做不好的事)
Hungerdrove(迫使)hertosteal.
20.express v.表达→n.快车
Isthereanexpress(快车)fromNanjingtoShanghai?
21.encourage vt.鼓励;激励→v.促进,助长,刺激
Goodhealthencourages(促进)clearthinking.
22.escape v.逃跑;逃脱→v.被忘掉;被忽视
Thenameescapes(被忘掉)meforthemoment.
23.explode v.爆炸;爆裂→v.勃然大怒;大发雷霆
I'mabouttoexplode(勃然大怒)!
Hebrokehispromiseagain.
24.exploit v.开发;开采;剥削→v.利用
Youmustexploit(利用)everyopportunitytolearnEnglish.
25.fail vi.失败→vi.(健康)衰退,变弱
常考的为failtodo
Williamfounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail(变弱).
26.foreign adj.外国的;外交的→adj.不熟悉的
Thesubjectisforeign(不熟悉的)toallofus.
27.freeze vi.结冰,(使)冻结→v.惊呆,吓呆
Grandfatherfroze(吓呆)infear.Washegoingtolosehisjob?
28.fresh adj.新鲜的→adj.无经验的
Freshman大一新生
Sheisquitefresh(无经验的)tothework.
29.ground n.地面→n.理由
Hehasstronggrounds(理由)formoremoney.
30.govern v.管理;控制→vt.影响;支配
Thelawofsupplyanddemandgoverns(影响)thepricesofgoods.
31.help vt.帮助→vi.避免,防止,起作用
同义词favor
Trynottocoughmorethanyoucanhelp(避免,防止)sinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.
32.hit v.击中,打击→n.成功;红极一时的人或事
Tuhao isquiteahit(风行一时的事物)ofthisyear.
33.ill adj.生病的→adj./adv.坏的/地
It'snogoodspeakingill(坏地)ofothers.
Shehadbroughtill(坏的)luckintoherfamily.
34.interest n.兴趣→n.利益;股份
Ourfamilyhasinterests(利益) inthebusiness.
35.inspire v.激励;鼓舞→v.启发
Hisbestmusicwasinspired(启发)bythememoryofhismother.
36.jump v.&n.跳→n.&v.大幅度上涨
Lastweekthepriceofgoodsjumped(大幅度上涨).
37.kill v.杀死,弄死→v.消磨或打发(时间)
Passtime消磨时间
Howdoesthemankill(打发时间)time?
38.last adj.最后的→adj.最不可能的
Heisthelast(最不可能的)manIwanttosee.
39.match n.火柴,旗鼓相当的人→vt.般配,与…匹配
Blindmatch相亲
Shematched(匹配)thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.
40.mean v.打算;意味着→adj.小气的,吝啬的 meansn.方式,方法
Heistoomean(吝啬的)tomakeadonation.
InmanyplacesinChina,thebicycleisstillapopularmeans(方式)oftransportation.
41.measure n.措施,方法→v.估量,判定(重要性、价值或影响等)
同义词evaluate
It'shardtomeasure(判定)hisabilitywhenwehaven'tseenhiswork.
42.narrow adj.狭窄的→vt.缩小,使变窄
注意narrow—minded小心眼的
Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoretonarrow(使变窄,缩小) thegapbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstandeachotherbetter.
43.nurse n.护士,保姆→v.看护,照料(病人或伤者)
Fortwodayshewasnursed(照料)byhismother.
44.note n.笔记→v.注意,特别指出,提及
Inoted(注意到)thatherhandsweredirty.
45.open v.开adj.开着的,打开的→adj.(问题、议事等)未解决的
Theyleftthematteropen(未解决的).
46.operate vi.机器运转工作;做手术→vi.起作用
Themedicineoperated(起作用)quickly.
47.position n.位置;职位→n.立场;观点
What'syourposition(观点)ontheproblem?
48.promise v.&n.许诺→v.有……的希望;使……有可能
注意promising有前途的
Thedarkcloudspromise(使……有可能)rain.
49.read v.阅读→v.理解;领会
Ididn'tread(领会)mother'sthoughtsatthattime.
50.say vt.说→vt.假定,显示,表明
Say(假定)thatwarbreaksout,whatwillyoudo?
51.shoulder n.肩膀→v.承担
Youngpeopleshouldlearntoshoulder(承担)theblame.
52.solid adj.固定的,坚硬的→adj.可靠的,可信赖的
Theresearchlackssolid(可靠的)evidence,andtherefore,itsconclusionsaredoubtful.
53.strength n.力,力量,体力→n.长处,强项
动词Strengthen加强
Abasketballcoachmustknowthestrengths(长处)andweaknessesofhisplayers.
54.taste v.品尝,尝出……味道→n.味道,鉴赏力,爱好
∙同义词savor品尝n.滋味;气味;食欲
∙vt.尽情享受;使有风味;加调味品于;品尝,欣赏
∙vi.有…的滋味;带有…的性质
WhileshewasinParis,shedevelopedataste(爱好)forfineart.
55.sign n.符号,记号→n.迹象,预兆 v.签字,签署
注意区别sigh叹气
Bearingresponsibilityforhismistakesisasign(征兆)ofaman'smaturity.
Therefore,studentsshouldbeadvisedtosign(签字)upassoonaspossible.
56.stand v.站,站立,直立→v.忍受 n.货摊
Standout突出
Theauthorcouldnotstand(忍受)livinginawoodenhouse.
Ifoundthefishstand(货摊)surroundedinaseaofcustomers.
57.store n.(大型)百货商店→v.&n.贮藏,贮存,保存
注意与reserve区别,同义词house
如Booksarehousedinthehouse.
Althoughdamscanbebuilttostore(贮存)waterforagriculturaluseindryareasanddryseasons.
58.treat vt.以…态度对待→vt.治疗,医治 v.&n.款待,招待
如treatsbtodinner或者是Thisismytreat.这顿饭我来请。
Thedoctorisskilledattreating(治疗)hearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients,sohehasaverygoodreputation.
Let'sgooutforlunch—mytreat(款待).
59.walk v.&n.行走;步行→n.行业
fromallwalksoflife来自各行各业
Thissocietywelcomespeoplefromallwalks(行业)oflife.
60.wear v.穿,戴→v.面带,流露;留(发,须等)
Wearout精疲力尽,穿破,耗尽,疲乏
Icanstillrememberhewasalwayswearing(面带)asmileandwillingtohelp.