高一必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题含答案及解析.docx

高一必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题含答案及解析.docx

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高一必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题含答案及解析

高一必备英语阅读理解技巧全解及练习题（含答案）及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   LOSANGELES—KobeBryantisawinnerinretirement,too.TheformerLosAngelesLakersstarwonanOscarintheanimatedshortcategoryfor"DearBasketball,"apoemhewroteafterendinghis20-yearcareeronthecourtin2016.

   He'lladdittoanalreadyjammedtrophycollectionthatincludesfiveNBAchampionshipswiththeLakers,twoOlympicgoldmedals,NBAFinalsmostvaluableplayerawards,aleagueMVPawardandfourAll-StargameMVPawards.

   Asexecutiveproducer,BryantacceptedhisgoldenOscarstatuefrom"StarWars"starMarkHamillonSundaynight.HesharedtheawardwithDisneyanimatorGlenKeane.

   AmongthoseofferingtheircongratulationsviaTwitterwereHallofFamersMagicJohnson,BillRussellandShaquilleO'Neal,Bryant'sformerLakersteammatewhoadmitted,"I'mjealous!

"

Sincehanginguphisbasketballshoes,Bryanthasthrownhimselfintobusiness（anewNikeshoe）andvariousformsofstorytelling.

   "Asbasketballplayers,we'retoldtoshutupanddribble,"Bryantsaidonstage."I'mgladwedidalittlebitmorethanthat."

   Hethankedhiswife,Vanessa,andhisthreedaughters,namingeachofthem.HespokeafewwordsofItalian—alanguagehelearnedasachildgrowingupinItaly—andclosedbytellingthem,"Youaremyinspiration."

（1）Accordingtothepassage,KobeBryantwontheOscarbecauseof_________.

A. histakingpartintheanimationmovie           B. hisfamousreputationinbasketball

C. hispoemwrittenafterhisformercareer         

D. hiswinningintheanimatedshortcategory

（2）Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"trophy"?

A. award                            

B. present                            

C. harvest                            

D. possession

（3）Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?

A. Apersonaldiary              

B. Asciencereport              

C. Anewspaper              

D. Atextbook

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，洛杉矶-科比也是一个退休的胜利者。

退役后的科比仍然在不断刷新自己的奖牌数量，这位前洛杉矶湖人球星因《亲爱的篮球》获得了动画短片奖。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“TheformerLosAngelesLakersstarwonanOscarintheanimatedshortcategoryfor‘DearBasketball,’apoemhewroteafterendinghis20-yearcareeronthecourtin2016.”得知科比的获奖原因是一首他写的诗。

故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“…includesfiveNBAchampionshipswiththeLakers,twoOlympicgoldmedals,NBAFinalsmostvaluableplayerawards,aleagueMVPawardandfourAll-StargameMVPawards.”可知这里在讲科比获得的各种奖项。

故选A。

（3）考查文章出处。

根据新闻报道的特点，一般报道的开头是大写的地方名，并且第一段将报道的主要内容呈现。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和文章出处三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Automaticdishwashershavebeenaroundformorethan100years.Itstartedin1886withJosephineCochrane,awomaninShelbyville,Illinois.Shewasarichwomanwhocouldaffordservantstowashherdishes,soshereallydidn'tmindthework.Whatshedidmindwasthatherservantsbrokethedishes.Shehostedquiteafewdinnerparties,andaftereverypartytheservantsbrokemoreofherexpensivedishes.

   Finally,Cochranetookaction.First,shemeasuredherdishesandbentwireintorackstoholdthem.Next,sheputtheracksonawheelinalargecopperboiler.Then,theboilersprayedhot,soapywateronthedishesasamotorturnedthewheel.Afterahotwaterrinse（冲洗）,thedisheswereclean!

   JosephineCochrane'sfriendswereimpressedwiththemachineandaskedhertobuildmore.Afterthat,wordgotoutfast.Soonhotelandrestaurantownerswhodidn'tlikebrokendishesalsowereinterested.Cochranethenknewthatshehadawonderfulmachine,soshereceivedapatentfromthegovernment,whichsaidthatonlytheinventorcanmakemoneyfromaninvention.Thenin1893ChicagoheldaWorld'sFairwhereinventionsfromallovertheworldwereshown.Cochrane'slabor-savingmachinewasabighit.Herdishwasherwonthehighestaward.

   Cochrane'scompanycameoutwithasmallermachinein1914.Itwassupposedtobefortheordinaryhome,butitwasn'tanimmediatesuccess.Manyhomescouldn'tproducetheextremelyhotwateritneeded.Also,inmosthomes,dishwashingwasn'tconsideredverydifficultcomparedtomostotherhousework.Infactsomepeoplelikedtorelaxatthesinkafterahardday!

Salesofthehomemodelfinallypickedupinthe1950swhenpeoplehadmoremoneyandwantedtohavemoretimetoenjoythemselves.Nowmanyhomeshaveelectricdishwashersthataren'tverydifferentfromtheoneJosephineCochraneinventedmorethan100yearsago.

（1）WhydidJosephineCochraneinventthedishwasher?

A.Toreducethenumberofservants.

B.Toavoidpossibledamagetothedishes.

C.Tohostmoredinnerparties.

D.Tomakethedishescleaner.

（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedwordsinParagraph3suggest?

A.Themachinewasn'tasefficientasdescribed.

B.JosephineCochranecouldnolongerkeepitasecret.

C.Josephine'sfriendssoonbegantotalkaboutthenewmachine.

D.Theinventiondrewimmediateattentionofthepublic.

（3）Thesmallermachinebecamepopularonlywhen_____.

A.people'slivingconditionsimproved

B.hotwaterwasnotneeded

C.houseworkbecameeasier

D.peoplehadmorerelaxingjobs

（4）ComparedwithCochrane'sinvention,modernelectricdishwashers_____.

A.costlessmoney

B.arequitedifferent

C.washmanyotherthings

D.aremuchthesame

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动洗碗机的历史由来。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Whatshedidmindwasthatherservantsbrokethedishes.Shehostedquiteafewdinnerparties,andaftereverypartytheservantsbrokemoreofherexpensivedishes.”她所介意的是她的仆人打破了餐具。

她举办了几次宴会，每次宴会之后，仆人们都打破了她昂贵的餐具。

为了避免打破她的餐具，后来JosephineCochrane发明了自动洗碗机，故选B。

（2）考查句义猜测。

根据第三段中的“JosephineCochrane'sfriendswereimpressedwiththemachineandaskedhertobuildmore.”JosephineCochrane的朋友们对这台机器印象深刻，并要求她建造更多；以及“Soonhotelandrestaurantownerswhodidn'tlikebrokendishesalsowereinterested. ”不久，不喜欢打破餐具的酒店和餐馆老板也对这个机器感兴趣。

根据划线句子的前后两句可以推断JosephineCochrane发明自动洗碗机的消息传播的很快，也就表明了Theinventiondrewimmediateattentionofthepublic这项发明立即引起了公众的注意。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Salesofthehomemodelfinallypickedupinthe1950swhenpeoplehadmoremoneyandwantedtohavemoretimetoenjoythemselves.”在20世纪50年代，当人们有更多的钱，希望有更多的时间来享受时，这种家用模式的销售终于恢复了。

也就是人们的生活条件提高了，自动洗碗机才流行起来，故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Nowmanyhomeshaveelectricdishwashersthataren'tverydifferentfromtheoneJosephineCochraneinventedmorethan100yearsago.”现在，许多家庭都有电动洗碗机，与100多年前JosephineCochrane发明的洗碗机没有太大的不同，因此现代洗碗机和JosephineCochrane发明的洗碗机几乎一样，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   AbunchofstrangersshowedupatthegymintheearlymorningofthelastSundayofApril.Afewathleteswerealreadystretchingtheirarms,butmostofuscouldbarelyfocus.AsIwasburningofflastnight'swrongdecision—abigmeal,Ispottedaposteraboutagym's21-dayworkoutchallenge,andIimmediatelysignedup.Ialwayswantedtotrainforamarathon,soIconsideredthisasmywarm-up.Besides,Ineededtostopbeinglazyandthiswasmychancetomakeachange.

   Itwaseasytopromiseonpaper,butthreeweeksofrecommendedexerciseroutinesanddietrestrictionswouldn'tbeeasy.Istucktoworkingout30minutesaday,andIdidn'tdisturbmynormalroutine.Instead,Ihadtobefacedwiththetoughworkofbeingmorecreativeinmysparetime,thusbreakingsomebadhabits.

   Overcomingweaknesseswithwillpowerwasmygoalforthenextpartofthejourney.Butthedifficultpartaboutmakingachallengeisrealizingthat"wanting"and"doing"aretwoverydifferentthings.Justlikeacareer,youhavetophysicallyworkforitratherthanjustwaitforittohappen.Butthat'shard.Throughoutthe21days,Ioftentoldmyselfthatthechallengewasmeaninglessandtriedtosabotagemyselffromexercising.However,finallyIovercamethatnegativethoughtandkeptworkingout.

   Attheendofthechallenge,Ilearnedsomethingevenmoreimportant:

Feelingtheresultsisbetterthanseeingthem.Ihadfewerheadachesandmoreenergy,andwassimplyhappier.IevenfeltalittlesmarterasIresearchedwhichfoodswerebetterformybody,andlearnedhowtomakehealthiermeals.Ifeltasenseofaccomplishment,too,becauseeventhoughIwantedtogiveupdozensoftimes,Ididn't.Ifeltmywaistgotsmallerandmyarmsgotstronger,andInolongerfeltguiltyafterhavingapieceofcakeoradrink.

（1）Whatwastheauthor'swrongdecision?

A. Goingtothegymearly.                                   

B. Trainingforamarathon.

C. Eatingalotthepreviousnight.                       D. Stoppingbeinglazyforachange.

（2）Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Someoftheauthor'sbadhabits.

B.Somewaysoftheauthor'skillinghissparetime.

C.Theimportanceofstickingtothenormaldailyroutine.

D.Thedifficultyoftheauthor'skeepingonwiththeworkoutplan.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sabotage"inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Prevent.

B.Hear.

C.Improve.

D.Distinguish.

（4）Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheworkoutchallenge?

A.Eatinghealthyfoodismoreimportantthanexercising.

B.Overcomingachallengecouldbringgoodfeelingstohim.

C.It'smoreimportanttoseewhathelikesthanjustfeelit.

D.Therewasnoneedtofeelguiltyaboutthingshedislikedtodo.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一张宣传健身锻炼的海报让作者开始马拉松的热身。

虽然三个星期的锻炼计划和饮食限制是很难坚持的，但是作者坚持每天锻炼。

最后，锻炼给作者带来了好心情。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“AsIwasburningofflastnight'swrongdecision—abigmeal,Ispottedaposteraboutagym's21-dayworkoutchallenge”可知，昨晚我做了一个错误的决定：

吃了一顿大餐。

因此作者的错误决定是前一天晚上吃得很多。

故选C。

（2）考查段落大意。

根据第二段中的“Itwaseasytopromiseonpaper,butthreeweeksofrecommendedexerciseroutinesanddietrestrictionswoul