比较级与最高级.docx

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比较级与最高级.docx

比较级与最高级

比较级和最高级及其使用(转载)

三哥-jack

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2010-09-21

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综合复习专项形容词和副词

 

语法复习5:

形容词和副词

比较级和最高级及其使用

形容词的比较级和最高级:

单音节加er/est多音节加more/most

说明

例词

一般情况

加er,est

smaller,smallest

以e结尾

加r,st

larger,largest

单音节词和少数多音节的形容词,加词尾er,est

以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词

改y为i,再加er,estearly

busier,busiestlazierlaziest

重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母

双写末尾辅音字母,加er,est

fatter,fattestredder,hotter

以ow,er结尾的双音节词

加er,est

narrower,narrowest  cleverer,clevest

多数双音节(副词)和多音节的词

加moremost

morebeautiful,  mostimportant  

  1.friendly—morefriendly;common—morecommon;helpful—morehelpful,morecareful,morenervous,morerelaxed,morenormal,modern-moremodern

2.双音节形容词y结尾用er:

healthier,busier,angrier,heavier,thirstier,noisier…,而双音节副词用more,moreslowly,morequickly,

3.unhappy—moreunhappy,lucky-luckier-unlucky—moreunlucky

副词的比较级和最高级

  1.大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more和most来构成比较级和最高级。

  2.少数单音节副词,加er,est构成其比较级和最高级。

  几个特殊的形容词和副词

原级

比较级

最高级

good,well

better

best

bad,ill,badly

worse

worst

many,much

more

most

little

less

least

far

farther,further

farthest,further(提高进一步)

old

older,elder

oldest,eldest

 

比较级和最高级的常用句型

名称

句型

例句

相等

as原形as  (as原形+名词as)

Thetraintravelsasfastasthe3:

55train. Hehasnotasmuchmoneyashisfriend.

不及

notas(so)原形as  (notas[so]+名词+原形as)

Sheisnotas(so)beautifulashersister.

比较级+than

Healthismoreimportantthanwealth.

超越

the+比较级+ofthetwo  两者中较…的一个

Heisthetallerofthetwo.

Who/Which+be+比较级,AorB?

Whichismoreinteresting,mathsandChinese

程度递增

erander,moreandmore+多音节词原级(越来越…)

higherandhigher,moreandmoreimportant

两种情况同时变化

the+比较级,the+比较级  (越…,越…)

Thequickeryougetready,thesooner

we'llbeabletoleave.

三者或三者以上比较

1)the+最高级+of/in+比较范围  (…之中最…)2>Who/Which+be+最高级,A,B,orC?

2>+be+oneofthe+最高级+复数名词表示"最……的……之一

3>"…+be+the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围",表示"……是…….的第几……"。

4>+be+the最高级~that某人have/hasever+过去分词.(定语从句)

1.Ofallthingsintheworld,peoplearetheprecious.

2.ChangJiangisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.

3.ChangJiangisthesecondlongestriverinChina.

4.ThisisthemostexcitedfilmthatIhaveseen.

  

比较级结构的修饰语

  1.用于原级之前:

  almost,nearly,just,exactly,quite,rather,very,half,twice,threetimes,athird,etc.

  Johnisalmostastallasyou.

  Theriveristhreetimesaslongasthatone.

  Wehaveathirdasmanystudentsaswehadlastterm.

  ***2.用于比较级前

  alot,much,abit,even,alittle,still,far,

  Ittakesmanymorehourstogotherebytrainthanbyplane.

  It'scoldthisyear,butit'sevencolderlastyear.

位置与功能

形容词指用来修饰名词或某些代词,表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态的词,在句中作定语,表语,宾语补足语等。

形容词可分为描述性的和表述性的A:

1.在名词前做定语,为最常见用法。

请注意多个形容词(含其它起形容词作用的词)做前置定语的顺序。

"县官行令杀国才。

"这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。

即:

  限(冠词[物主代词、指示代词]数词等)观(描绘)形(大小、形状等)龄(年龄、新旧等)色(色彩)国(国籍、出处等)材(材料、功用等)

  aninterestingEnglishfilmaheavyblackChinesesilkumbrella

  做后置定语。

修饰由不定代词no,any,some,every和one,thing等构成的复合词或形容词短语。

Somethingimportant,nothingspecial…

2.表语。

一定要注意系动词的后面只跟形容词出现情况。

这是一个热点问题。

常见系动词有:

be变化系词:

become,get,turn,grow,go

 保持系词:

keep,remain,stay感观系词:

look,smell,taste,feel,sound,appear,seem,proveetc.

N:

①某些以a开始的形容词只做表语,不做定语。

  beafraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake,aliveHefeelslonely,helivesalong.

  ②某些表状况的形容词只能做表语,不做定语

  well(身体健康),ill,afraid,而sick,frighten,living,waking,sleepy+person,只作定语

S:

某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。

  friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,weekly,monthly…等。

  复合形容词的形式问题。

  an800-meter-wideriveranEnglish-speakingcountryamiddle-agedman

  副词是用来说明动词的,或用来修饰形容词或副词的,修饰动词的副词一般放在动词之后。

副词用来说明时间、地点或方式等,副词在句中一般可用作状语、表语或宾语补足语等。

位置

  1)时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。

如同时出现,则地点副词在前。

  TheywentboatinginZhongshanParkyesterday.

  2)表频率的时间副词是热点

  always,seldom,often,never,rarely,usually等,通常放于行为动词之前,be词、情态动词和助动词之后。

Heisalwaystellinglies,soIwillneverbelievehim.

  3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前very,hardly,far,much,quite,rather,too,so,pretty(但enough除外)Heisveryyoung,soheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.

  N:

形容词和副词同行:

fast,early,late,hard,high…

有些副词有两种形式,一个与形容词同形,一个以ly结尾,但它们的含义是不同的。

  closely-closenearly-nearfreely-freedeeply-deephighly-highwidely-wide等。

  

练习、形容词和副词

1.Johnhasthreesisters.Maryisthe___ofthethree.

  A.mostcleverest  B.moreclever  C.cleverest  D.cleverer

2.Thestudentsare___youngpeoplebetweentheageofsixteenandtwenty.

  A.most  B.almost  C.mostly  D.atmost

3.Shetoldus___storythatweallforgotaboutthetime.

  A.suchaninteresting  B.suchinterestinga

  C.soaninteresting  D.asointeresting

4.Itisimpossibleforso___workerstodosoworkinasingleday.

  A.few,much  B.few,many  C.little,much  D.little,many

5.Thehorseisgettingoldandcan'trun___itdid.

  A.asfasteras  B.sofastthan  C.sofastas  D.asfastas

6.Thisyeartheyhaveproduced___grain___theydidlastyear.

  A.asless;as  B.asfew;as  C.less;than  D.fewer;than

7.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced___tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.

  A.astwicemany  B.asmanytwice

  C.twiceasmany  D.twicemanyas

8.Thepianosintheothershopwillbe,but______.

  A.cheaper;notasbetter  B.morecheaper;notasbetter

  C.cheaper;notasgood  D.morecheap;notasgood

9.---CanIhelpyou?

---Well,I'mafraidtheboxis___heavyforyou,butthankyouallthesame.

A.so  B.much  C.very  D.too

10.---Excuseme,isthisMr.Brown'soffice?

   ---I'msorry,butMr.Brown___workshere.Heleftaboutthreeweeksago.

  A.notnow  B.nomore  C.notstill  D.nolonger

11.Ifwehadfollowedhisplan,wecouldhavedonethejobbetterwith___moneyand___people.

  A.less;less  B.fewer;fewer  C.less;fewer  D.fewer;less

12.Oh,John.___yougaveme!

  A.Howapleasantsurprise  B.Howpleasantsurprise

  C.Whatapleasantsurprise  D.Whatpleasantsurprise

13.---Howdidyoufindyourvisittomuseum?

   ---Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas___thanIexpected.

  A.farmoreinteresting  B.evenmuchinteresting

  C.somoreinteresting  D.alotmuchinteresting

14.Canadaislargerthan___countryinAsia.

  A.any  B.anyother  C.other  D.another

15.Thoseorangestaste___.  

A.good  B.well  C.tobegood  D.tobewell

16.Theexperimentwas___easierthanwehadexpected.

  A.more  B.muchmore  C.much  D.moremuch

17.___foodyou'vecooked!

  A.Howanice  B.Whatanice

  C.Hownice  D.Whatnice

18.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes___.

  A.open  B.tobeopened  C.toopen  D.opening

19.Whichis___country,CanadaorAustralia?

  A.alarge  B.larger  C.alarger  D.thelarger

20.___terribleweatherwe'vebeenhavingthesedays!

  A.Howa  B.Whata  C.How  D.What

21.Ittakesalongtimetogotherebytrain.It's___byroad.  

  A.quick  B.thequickest  C.muchquick  D.quicker

22.Shedoesn'tspeak___herfriends,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.

  A.aswellas  B.asoftenas  C.somuchas  D.asgoodas

23.---Mum,IthinkI'm___togetbacktoschool.

   ---Notreally,Mydear.You'dbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo.

  A.sowell  B.sogood  C.wellenough  D.goodenough

24.---Ifyoudon'tliketheredcoat,taketheblueone.

   ---OK,butdoyouhavesize___inblue?

Thisone'sabittightforme.

  A.abig  B.abigger  C.thebig  D.thebigger

25.Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave___atschool.  A.thehappiesttime  B.amorehappiertime

  C.muchhappiesttime  D.amuchhappiertime

26.---Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet?

   ---No,I'llfinishin___tenminutes.  A.another  B.other  C.more  D.less

27.---I'dlike___informationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please.

   ---Well,youcouldhave___wordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.  

A.some;a  B.an;some  C.some;some  D.an;a

28.Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining____.

  A.badly  B.hardly  C.strongly  D.heavily

29.Howbeautifullyshesings!

Ihaveneverheard___.

  A.thebettervoice  B.agoodvoice

  C.thebestvoice  D.abettervoice

30.Tonyisgoingcampingwith___boys.  A.littletwoother  B.twolittleother

  C.twootherlittle  D.littleothertwo

31.Canyoubelievethatin___arichcountrythereshouldbe_manypoorpeople?

  A.such;such  B.such;so  C.so;so  D.so;such

32.ProfessorWhitehaswrittensomeshortstories,butheis___knownforhisplays.

  A.thebest  B.more  C.better  D.themost

33.---I'mvery___withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.

  ---Mm,itdoeshavea___smell.  A.pleasant;pleased  B.pleased;pleased

  C.pleasant;pleasant  D.pleased;pleasant

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