最新Unit 3 Friendship.docx

最新Unit 3 Friendship.docx

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最新Unit3Friendship

Unit3Friendship

TextAWhatIsFriendship?

I.TeachingObjectives

1.TounderstandthemeaningofFriendship.

2.Graspthekeywords,phrasesandstructure.

II.TeachingContent

1.Lead-inactivities

2.Languagepoints（keywords,phrasesanddifficultsentences）

3.GuidedPractice（exercises,oralpracticeandgroupwork）

III.TeachingProcess

1.Warm-upActivity

1）WhatdoestheBibleSayaboutFriendship?

Howarewetochooseourfriends?

Howshouldfriendstreatoneanother?

AllofthesearegoodquestionsandtheBiblehassomegoodScripturestostudytoanswerthem.friendship.

JesusonFriendship

John15:

12-15“Thisismycommandment,thatyouloveoneanotherasIhavelovedyou.Greaterlovehasnoonethanthis,thatsomeonelaydownhislifeforhisfriends.YouaremyfriendsifyoudowhatIcommandyou.NolongerdoIcallyouservants,fortheservantdoesnotknowwhathismasterisdoing;butIhavecalledyoufriends,forallthatIhaveheardfrommyFatherIhavemadeknowntoyou.

GreatestFriendisGod

James4:

8DrawneartoGod,andhewilldrawneartoyou.Cleanseyourhands,yousinners,andpurifyyourhearts,youdouble-minded.

HowToPickYourFriends

Proverbs12:

26Onewhoisrighteousisaguidetohisneighbor,butthewayofthewickedleadsthemastray.友直

Proverbs13:

20Whoeverwalkswiththewisebecomeswise,butthecompanionoffoolswillsufferharm.友多闻

Proverbs14:

6-7Ascofferseekswisdominvain,butknowledgeiseasyforamanofunderstanding.Leavethepresenceofafool,forthereyoudonotmeetwordsofknowledge.友多闻

Proverbs22:

24-25Makenofriendshipwithamangiventoanger,norgowithawrathfulman,lestyoulearnhiswaysandentangleyourselfinasnare.友谅

Corinthians15:

33Donotbedeceived:

“Badcompanyruinsgoodmorals.”

HowToTreatYourFriends

Luke6:

31Andasyouwishthatotherswoulddotoyou,dosotothem.善事

Romans12:

10Loveoneanotherwithbrotherlyaffection.Outdooneanotherinshowinghonor.善心

Ephesians4:

29-32Letnocorruptingtalkcomeoutofyourmouths,butonlysuchasisgoodforbuildingup,asfitstheoccasion,thatitmaygivegracetothosewhohear.AnddonotgrievetheHolySpiritofGod,bywhomyouweresealedforthedayofredemption.Letallbitternessandwrathandangerandclamorandslanderbeputawayfromyou,alongwithallmalice.Bekindtooneanother,tenderhearted,forgivingoneanother,asGodinChristforgaveyou.善言

ImportanceofFriendships

Proverbs11:

14Wherethereisnoguidance,apeoplefalls,butinanabundanceofcounselorsthereissafety.

Proverbs17:

17Afriendlovesatalltimes,andabrotherisbornforadversity.帮手

Proverbs19:

20Listentoadviceandacceptinstruction,thatyoumaygainwisdominthefuture.智慧

Proverbs24:

5Awisemanisfullofstrength,andamanofknowledgeenhanceshismight.能力

Proverbs27:

17Ironsharpensiron,andonemansharpensanother.成长

2）HowdoesAristotlelookatfriendship

FriendshipsforAristotlecanbedividedintothreemaincategories.

.FriendshipsofUtility

.FriendshipsofPleasure

.FriendshipsofVirtue.

.FriendshipsofUtility

Friendshipsofutilityarebasedonpeoplewhoareusefultoeachother.Thisisthesolereasonbehindthembeingfriends.Agoodexampleofafriendshipofutilitymightbetherelationshipbetweenacarsalesmanandacarbuyer（JohnL.Fjellstad）.Thecarsalesmanneedsthebuyerbecausehehastomakealivingandthebuyerneedsthesalesmanbecauseheneedsacar.Bothhavesomethingtheotherwants.Thesefriendshipsdonotlastverylongasoncethebuyerisnolongerusefultothesalesman,orvisaversa,theconnectionisseveredandthefriendshipceasestobe.Friendshipsofutilityarecommonamongoldpeople,forinoldagepeoplepursuetheusefulratherthanthepleasant.

.FriendshipsofPleasure

Friendshipsofpleasurearebasedontheamountofpleasurethepeoplegetfrombeingintherelationship.Peoplewhogotofootballmatchestogether,orwhogotothepubtogethermightbeinthistypeofrelationship.Theyarefriendsfortheirownsake,becausethefriendshipbringsthempleasureandenjoyment,notfortheirfriend'ssake.Friendshipsofpleasurearecommonamongyoungpeople.Youngpeoplequicklybecomefriendsandquicklyceasetobefriendsbecausewhatpleasuresthemchangesconstantly.

.FriendshipsofVirtue

Friendshipsofvirtue,unlikefriendshipsofutilityandpleasure,whichcanincludeacircleoffriends,arestrictlyoneononerelationships.Thesetypesoffriendshipscanonlyoccurbetweentwopeopleofthesamevirtuesandbothpersonshavetobevirtuous.Onecanonlybecomevirtuousthroughwisdomandage.Thereforefriendshipsofvirtuearenotfoundamongyoungpeople.Itisarelationshipofmutualrespectandlove.Thepersonsinthistypeofrelationshiparenotinitbecausetheygainsomethingfromtherelationship,theyarenotfriendsbecausetheyfindeachotherusefulorbringeachotherpleasure,butbecausetheyseevirtuesineachotherthattheyseeinthemselves.Theywishwellfortheirfriendsfortheirfriend'ssake.ItisnotsurprisingthatsuchrelationshipsarerareaccordingtoAristotle.

3）Discussion

Doyouhaveanygoodfriends?

Whatdoyouusuallydowithyourfriendswhenyouaretogether?

Whatkindofpeopledoyouliketomakefriendswith?

Doyouthinkfriendshipisanecessityinlife?

Whyorwhynot?

4）Quotesaboutfriendship.

Thefriendshipisaplantofslowgrowth.------GeorgeWashington

（Justlikeplants,friendshipneedsnurturing.Plantsfollowthelifecycleofseeds,shootsandflowersbeforetheybearfruits.Truefriendshipgrowsinmoreoflessthesameway.Ittakestimetomature.）

Beslowinchoosingafriend;slowerinchanging.------BenjaminFranklin

（Friendsandfriendshipsmayhavegreatinfluenceonourlivesandmaylastaslongaswelive.Soweshouldbecarefulwhenchoosingafriendandshouldbeevenmorecarefulwhenwedecidetoendthefriendship.）

Amanshouldkeephisfriendshipinconstantrepair.-------SamuelJohnson

（Thequotationtellsustheimportanceofmaintainingfriendships.Long-standingfriendshipsshouldbeconstantlystrengthenedanddeveloped;otherwisetheymayfadeorevenbelostforever.）

Truefriendshipislikesoundhealth;thevalueofitisseldomknownuntilitislost.------CharlesCalebColton（Inthisquotationfriendshipiscomparedtohealth.Oneoftenfailstoseethevalueofhealthuntiltiislost.Thesameistrueoffriendship.）

“Friendshipisunnecessary,likephilosophy,likeart…Ithasnosurvivalvalue;ratheritisoneofthosethingsthatgivevaluetosurvival.”

“IsanypleasureonearthasgreatasacircleofChristianfriendsbyagoodfire?

”

“Thenextbestthingtobeingwiseoneselfistoliveinacircleofthosewhoare.”

2.TextOrganization

PartIPara.1It’snecessarytoreviewsomeclassicalviewsoffriendshipinordertoacquireabetterunderstandingofit.

PartIIPara2-5AccordingtoAristotle,therearethreekindsoffriendship,whicharerespectivelybasedonutility,pleasureandgoodness.Friendshipbasedongoodnessisperfectandtotallydifferentfromfriendshipbasedonutilityorpleasure.

PartIIIPara6AccordingtoCicero,truefriendshipisonlypossiblebetweengoodmenanditisvirtuethatcreatesandpreservestruefriendship.

PartIVPara7Friendshipispermanentbetweenvirtuouspeoplewhoshareacommitmenttothegoodortowhatismorallyrightorworthyofpraise.

3.LanguagePoints

A.WordsandExpressions

1）notion:

n.anidea,belieforconcept

Eg.Ourmanagementsystemisbasedonthenotionsofpersonalequalityand

liberty.我们的管理体系是基于人的平等、自由观念而建立的。

Shehasnonotionofthedifficultyofthisproblem.

CF.idea,concept¬ion这些名词均有“思想”、“观点”、观念”之意。

idea最普通，几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。

concept指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的比较系统的概念或看法。

notion指的是一种模糊的、变化莫测的想法，无可靠的基础，是未经深思熟虑的、甚至让人觉得荒谬的观点。

2）criterion:

n.standardbywhichsth.isjudged

Eg.Thecompany’scriterionforsuccessishighsales.

对一些出版商而言，评判一本书是否畅销的标准是长度而非内容。

Tosomepublishers,thecriterionofabookwhichwillsellwellislengthratherthancontent.

CF.standard&criterion这两个名词均含“标准”之意。

standard指公认为决定事物质量或人的品质的准则或原则。

例如：

Allrestaurantsinthetownwithalowstandardofhygienehavebeenforcedtoclose.城里所有卫生水准低的餐馆都被迫关门了。

criterion较正式用词，指判断、批评事物的标准，但不一定制成了规章。

例如：

Whatarethecriteriafordecidingwhogetstheprize?

评定获奖者以什么作标准。

3）.appropriate:

adj.correctorsuitableforaparticularsituationoroccasion

Eg.Suitsarealwaysappropriateforajobinterview.

HHeHisformalstyleofspeakingwasappropriatetotheoccasion.

4）thin:

adj.nothavingthenecessaryqualitiestogaintheintendedresult

Eg.Histhinattemptsurelyresultedinnothing.

书评家认为她最近写的那部小说没什么意思。

Thecriticsfoundherlatestnovelratherthin.

5）.classical:

adj.basedonorbelongingtoanoldorestablishedsystemof

principlesormethods,e.g.inartorscience

eg.Dressedinballetskirt,shedancedwithaclassicalelegance.

他将前往中国去研究中国古典诗歌。

HeisgoingtoChinatostudyChineseclassicalpoetry.

6）distinguishbetween:

recognizedifferencesbetween

Eg.Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishbetweenthem.

不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。

Peoplewhocannotdistinguishbetweencolorsaresaidtobecolor-blind.

7）utility:

n.thequalityorconditionofbeinguseful;usefulness

Eg.Farmanimalshaveeconomicvaluebecauseoftheirutility.

祖母总是怀疑洗碟机的实用价值。

Grandmahasalwaysdoubtedtheutilityvalueofadishwasher.

8）ground:

n.reason（s）orjustificationforsaying,doingorbelievingsth.

Eg.Shecan’taccepthisgroundfordivorce.

Hehasbeenfiredfromthejobonthegroundsofincompetence.）