最新Unit 3 Friendship.docx

1、最新Unit 3 FriendshipUnit 3 FriendshipText A What Is Friendship?I. Teaching Objectives 1. To understand the meaning of Friendship. 2. Grasp the key words, phrases and structure.II. Teaching Content1. Lead-in activities2. Language points ( key words, phrases and difficult sentences)3. Guided Practice (

2、exercises, oral practice and group work)III. Teaching Process1.Warm-up Activity1) What does the Bible Say about Friendship? How are we to choose our friends? How should friends treat one another? All of these are good questions and the Bible has some good Scriptures to study to answer them. friendsh

3、ip. Jesus on FriendshipJohn 15:12-15 “This is my commandment, that you love one another as I have loved you. Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends. You are my friends if you do what I command you. No longer do I call you servants, for the servant does not

4、know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, for all that I have heard from my Father I have made known to you.Greatest Friend is GodJames 4:8 Draw near to God, and he will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded. How To Pick Your

5、 FriendsProverbs 12:26 One who is righteous is a guide to his neighbor, but the way of the wicked leads them astray.友直Proverbs 13:20 Whoever walks with the wise becomes wise, but the companion of fools will suffer harm.友多闻Proverbs 14:6-7 A scoffer seeks wisdom in vain, but knowledge is easy for a ma

6、n of understanding. Leave the presence of a fool, for there you do not meet words of knowledge.友多闻Proverbs 22:24-25 Make no friendship with a man given to anger, nor go with a wrathful man, lest you learn his ways and entangle yourself in a snare.友谅Corinthians 15:33 Do not be deceived: “Bad company

7、ruins good morals.” How To Treat Your FriendsLuke 6:31 And as you wish that others would do to you, do so to them.善事Romans 12:10 Love one another with brotherly affection. Outdo one another in showing honor.善心Ephesians 4:29-32 Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths, but only such as is good

8、for building up, as fits the occasion, that it may give grace to those who hear. And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption. Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice. Be kind to one anot

9、her, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you.善言Importance of FriendshipsProverbs 11:14 Where there is no guidance, a people falls, but in an abundance of counselors there is safety.Proverbs 17:17 A friend loves at all times, and a brother is born for adversity.帮手Proverbs 1

10、9:20 Listen to advice and accept instruction, that you may gain wisdom in the future.智慧Proverbs 24:5 A wise man is full of strength, and a man of knowledge enhances his might.能力Proverbs 27:17 Iron sharpens iron, and one man sharpens another.成长2) How does Aristotle look at friendshipFriendships for A

11、ristotle can be divided into three main categories. . Friendships of Utility . Friendships of Pleasure . Friendships of Virtue. . Friendships of UtilityFriendships of utility are based on people who are useful to each other. This is the sole reason behind them being friends. A good example of a frie

12、ndship of utility might be the relationship between a car salesman and a car buyer (John L. Fjellstad). The car salesman needs the buyer because he has to make a living and the buyer needs the salesman because he needs a car. Both have something the other wants. These friendships do not last very lo

13、ng as once the buyer is no longer useful to the salesman, or visa versa, the connection is severed and the friendship ceases to be. Friendships of utility are common among old people, for in old age people pursue the useful rather than the pleasant. . Friendships of PleasureFriendships of pleasure a

14、re based on the amount of pleasure the people get from being in the relationship. People who go to football matches together, or who go to the pub together might be in this type of relationship. They are friends for their own sake, because the friendship brings them pleasure and enjoyment, not for t

15、heir friends sake. Friendships of pleasure are common among young people. Young people quickly become friends and quickly cease to be friends because what pleasures them changes constantly. . Friendships of VirtueFriendships of virtue, unlike friendships of utility and pleasure, which can include a

16、circle of friends, are strictly one on one relationships. These types of friendships can only occur between two people of the same virtues and both persons have to be virtuous. One can only become virtuous through wisdom and age. Therefore friendships of virtue are not found among young people. It i

17、s a relationship of mutual respect and love. The persons in this type of relationship are not in it because they gain something from the relationship, they are not friends because they find each other useful or bring each other pleasure, but because they see virtues in each other that they see in th

18、emselves. They wish well for their friends for their friends sake. It is not surprising that such relationships are rare according to Aristotle.3) Discussion Do you have any good friends? What do you usually do with your friends when you are together? What kind of people do you like to make friends

19、with? Do you think friendship is a necessity in life? Why or why not?4) Quotes about friendship. The friendship is a plant of slow growth. - George Washington (Just like plants, friendship needs nurturing. Plants follow the life cycle of seeds, shoots and flowers before they bear fruits. True friend

20、ship grows in more of less the same way. It takes time to mature.) Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. - Benjamin Franklin (Friends and friendships may have great influence on our lives and may last as long as we live. So we should be careful when choosing a friend and should be even m

21、ore careful when we decide to end the friendship.) A man should keep his friendship in constant repair. - Samuel Johnson (The quotation tells us the importance of maintaining friendships. Long-standing friendships should be constantly strengthened and developed; otherwise they may fade or even be lo

22、st forever.) True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it is lost. -Charles Caleb Colton (In this quotation friendship is compared to health. One often fails to see the value of health until ti is lost. The same is true of friendship.)“Friendship is unnecessary, lik

23、e philosophy, like art It has no survival value; rather it is one of those things that give value to survival.”“Is any pleasure on earth as great as a circle of Christian friends by a good fire?”“The next best thing to being wise oneself is to live in a circle of those who are.” 2.Text Organization

24、Part I Para.1 Its necessary to review some classical views of friendship in order to acquire a better understanding of it. Part II Para 2-5 According to Aristotle, there are three kinds of friendship, which are respectively based on utility, pleasure and goodness. Friendship based on goodness is per

25、fect and totally different from friendship based on utility or pleasure. Part III Para6 According to Cicero, true friendship is only possible between good men and it is virtue that creates and preserves true friendship. Part IV Para 7 Friendship is permanent between virtuous people who share a commi

26、tment to the good or to what is morally right or worthy of praise.3. Language PointsA. Words and Expressions1) notion: n. an idea, belief or concept Eg. Our management system is based on the notions of personal equality andliberty. 我们的管理体系是基于人的平等、自由观念而建立的。 She has no notion of the difficulty of this

27、 problem. CF. idea, concept & notion这些名词均有“思想”、“观点”、观念”之意。 idea最普通，几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。concept指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的比较系统的概念或看法。notion指的是一种模糊的、变化莫测的想法，无可靠的基础，是未经深思熟虑的、甚至让人觉得荒谬的观点。2) criterion: n. standard by which sth. is judged Eg. The companys criterion for success is high sales. 对一些出版商而言，评判一

28、本书是否畅销的标准是长度而非内容。 To some publishers, the criterion of a book which will sell well is length rather than content.CF. standard & criterion这两个名词均含“标准”之意。standard指公认为决定事物质量或人的品质的准则或原则。例如：All restaurants in the town with a low standard of hygiene have been forced to close. 城里所有卫生水准低的餐馆都被迫关门了。criterion较正

29、式用词，指判断、批评事物的标准，但不一定制成了规章。例如：What are the criteria for deciding who gets the prize? 评定获奖者以什么作标准。3). appropriate: adj. correct or suitable for a particular situation or occasion Eg. Suits are always appropriate for a job interview. HHe His formal style of speaking was appropriate to the occasion.4) t

30、hin: adj. not having the necessary qualities to gain the intended result Eg. His thin attempt surely resulted in nothing.书评家认为她最近写的那部小说没什么意思。 The critics found her latest novel rather thin.5). classical: adj. based on or belonging to an old or established system ofprinciples or methods, e.g. in art

31、or science eg. Dressed in ballet skirt, she danced with a classical elegance. 他将前往中国去研究中国古典诗歌。 He is going to China to study Chinese classical poetry.6) distinguish between: recognize differences between Eg.The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish between them. 不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。People who cann

32、ot distinguish between colors are said to be color-blind.7) utility: n. the quality or condition of being useful; usefulness Eg. Farm animals have economic value because of their utility. 祖母总是怀疑洗碟机的实用价值。Grandma has always doubted the utility value of a dishwasher.8) ground: n. reason(s) or justification for saying, doing or believing sth. Eg. She cant accept his ground for divorce. He has been fired from the job on the grounds of incompetence.)