EnglishbytheNumbers教学提纲.docx

EnglishbytheNumbers教学提纲.docx

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EnglishbytheNumbers教学提纲

EnglishbytheNumbers~Unit1

1.Numbers,Decimalsand

Fractions

Hundreds

Thousands

Fractions&Decimals

Quiz

ThisUnitpreparesstudentstounderstandand

clearlyexpresssmallandlargenumbers,aswell

asfractions,decimalsandpercents.

SampleLanguage

numbers

fivehundredandeighteen（518）,sixty-threethousand

fourhundredandtwelve（63,412）,sevenhundredand

seventythousand（770,000）

decimals

fiveone-thousandths（.005）,onepointzerofive

（1.05）,pointeightfivepercent（.85%）

fractions

one-fifth（1/5）,twelveandaneighth（121/8）,three-

fiftieths（3/50）

KeySentences&Examples

Thesenumbersareallgreaterthanonehundredandless

thanonethousand.

Becarefulnottoconfuse'teen'numberssuchasthirteen

with'ty'numberssuchasthirty.

Fivehundredeighteen.Threehundredeighty.

Thesenumbersareallgreaterthanonethousandandless

thanonemillion.

Ninethousandsevenhundredforty-three.Ninety-seven

thousandfourhundredthirty-six.Ninehundredseventy-

fourthousand,threehundredandsixty-one.

Sometimesthenumberninethousandsevenhundred

forty-threeisreadasninety-sevenhundredandforty-

three.

Herearesomefractions.One-half,one-third,one-fourth.

One-fiftieth,one-hundredth,one-thousandth.

Herearesomedecimalfractionsandpercents.Point

five.Onepointzerofive.Zeropointonepercent.

Forverysmallnumbers,suchas0.00001,youcanreadit

asonepointzerotimestentotheminusfifth.

EnglishbytheNumbers~Unit2

2.NumericalOperationsand

Relations

NumericalOperations

NumericalRelations

Quiz

ThisUnitpreparesstudentstounderstandand

clearlyexpresssmallandlargenumbers,aswell

asfractions,decimalsandpercents.

SampleLanguage

numericaloperations

aplusbequalsc,adividedbyb,thenthrootofx,x

squared,twicethesumofaandb,fiftypercentmore

thanfour

numericalrelations

thesecondlargestnumber,thethirdsmallestnumber,the

differencebetweenthetwolargestnumbers,halfthesum

ofthesmallestandlargestnumbers

KeySentences&Examples

Thesumofaandbisc;oraplusbequalsc.The

differenceofcandbisa;orcminusbisequaltoa.

Herewehaveatimesbequalsx;oramultipliedbybis

x.Inthisexample,wehavethesumofaandb

multipliedbyc.Inthisexample,aisdividedbyb;ora

overb.Thisisthenthrootofx.Forexample,thesquare

rootoffouristhesecondrootoffour,whichistwo.

Herewehavethecuberootofeight,orthethirdrootof

eight,whichistwo.Thisisxtothenth.Fornequalto

two,wesayxsquared.Fornequaltothree,wesayx

cubed,orxtothethird.

Takethesumoftwoplussixanddivideitbytwo.

Multiplythesumofaplusbbyfifteenanddividethe

resultbyatimesb.Whatnumberisthesumofeighty-

fiveandfive?

Whatistwotothefourth?

Whatistwenty

percentmorethanten?

Ifxisfiftypercentmorethan

four,whatisx?

Whichofthesefivenumbersisthe

smallest?

Whichnumbersarethetwolargestnumbers?

Whichnumberistenpercentofthelargestnumber?

Whichnumberisequaltothedifferencebetweenthe

largestandsmallestnumbers?

EnglishbytheNumbers~Unit3

3.RelatedChanges

Part1

HomeBuyers

SampleGraphs

SampleLanguage

Graphs

remainedfairlyconstant,didn’tchange,rise,increased,

wentup,madesteadygains,getsweaker,decreases,

wentdown,declined,dropped

relatedchanges

Xremainedfairlyconstant,butyincreasedsignificantly.

Asthepriceofanaveragehouseincreased,the

percentageofU.S.familiesabletobuyanewhouse

decreased.

Part2

Speed&Distance

LanguageLearning

BloodPressure

Quiz

ThisUnitpreparesstudentstodescribehowone

quantitycorrelatestoanother.Sometimesthere

isnorelationship.Sometimesachangeinone

quantitycausesachangeorinanother.

KeySentencesandExamples

ThisgraphshowsthepercentageofUSfamiliesableto

buyanaverage-pricednewhome.Asthepriceofan

averagehouseincreased,thepercentageofU.S.families

abletobuyanewhousedecreased.Between1970and

1976,theaveragepriceofanewhouserosefrom

$23,400to$44,200.Asaresult,fewerU.S.families

wereabletobuynewhouses.Inthisgraph,bothXand

Yareincreasing.Inthisgraph,XisincreasingwhileY

isdecreasing.HerewearelookingatchangesinXand

Yduringtheten-yearperiodfrom1978to1988.During

thatperiod,wheneverYincreased,Xdecreased,and

wheneverYwentdown,Xwentup.Inthiscase,as

exports,X,wentup,unemployment,Y,declined.While

Xstayedaboutthesame,Yincreased.Xremainedfairly

constant,butYincreasedsignificantly.Xincreased

rapidlyatfirst,butthenitfelleventhoughYcontinued

toclimb.Asthedollargetsweaker,thenumberof

AmericanworkersemployedbyJapanesefirms

continuestoclimb.Anincreaseinthevalueofthe

Japaneseyenisgenerallyfollowedbyanincreasein

Japaneseproductivity.

Goals:

Tobeabletoaskandanswerquestionsabout

howonefactorrelatestoanother.

Tobeabletoexpressanopinionaboutone

quantityisrelatedtoanother.

EnglishbytheNumbers~Unit4

4.LineGraphs

Part1

Autosales

ForeignShareofSteelMarket

UnemploymentRate

HomeBuyers

AverageFamilySize

SampleLanguage&LearningPoints

linegraphs

salesdeclinedtoalowofaround300,000,sales

increasedsteadily,saleswerearound900,000units,sales

atUnionMotorssurpassedsalesatFederalMotors,the

numberofpotentialfirst-timehomebuyerspeaked,the

largestshareofthemarket,changesinthe

unemploymentrate

presentperfect（have+V（n））

saleshavestoppedtheirdecline,haveremainedfairly

steady,thenumberofpotentialfirsttimebuyershas

changed,thenumberhasbeendropping…

Part2

CityGovernmentApproval

PopulationGrowth

WorldEnergyConsumption

PassengerCarExports

TrafficFatalities

KeySentencesandExamples:

ThisfirstexampleshowshowautosalesatUnionMotors

havechangedsince1960.In1960,saleswereabout

500,000units.From1960,salesdeclinedtoalowof

around300,000in1965.From1965,salesincreased

steadilyuntiltheyreachedahighofaround900,000in

1974.Then,becauseofincreasingimports,salesbegana

longdecline,toalowofaround500,000units.Since

1980,saleshavestoppedtheirdeclineandhaveremained

fairlysteady.

ThisgraphshowshowtheforeignshareoftotalUSsteel

saleschangedduringtheperiodfrom1965through1985.

Between1970and1980,thelowestforeignshareofthe

marketwasabout12%.Thelargestshareofthemarket

before1970wasabout17%,in'68.

Thisgraphshowshowthenumberofpotentialfirsttime

homebuyershaschanged.Thenumberofpotentialfirst-

timehomebuyerspeakedataround45millionattheend

ofthe'80s.Sincethebeginningof1990,thenumberhas

beendropping.

Thisgraphshowsthedecreaseinaveragefamilysizein

theUS.USfamiliesin1989averagedonly3.16people,

thesmallestsizesince1940.Thisdropisprimarilythe

resultoflowerbirthratesandcontinuedincreasesinthe

numberofsingle-parentfamilies.Thisgraphindicates

thattheaveragefamilyhasbeengettingsmaller.

Part2

Thislinegraphshowshowthevoterapprovalratingfora

citygovernmenthaschangedduringthepast12months.

Notethattheapprovalratingwasatitshighestduringthe

first3monthsandatitslowestinmonth8.Itreachedits

lowestpointinmonth8.Duringmonth8,60%ofthe

votersdisapprovedofthegovernment'sperformance.

Thisgraphsshowstherateofpopulationgrowthin

severalcountries.Italsoshowstheliteracyrateineach

ofthecountries.Theadultliteracyrateisthepercentage

ofadultswhocanreadandwrite.Theaxisontheleft

givesthepercentagegrowthrate,andtheaxisonthe

Quiz

ThisUnitpreparesstudentstopresentdatafrom

alinegraph,especiallychangesovertime.

Goals:

Tobeabletousethepresentperfect（have

+V（n））toexpresschange.

rightgivestheliteracyrate.Forexample,the

percentageannualgrowthrateofBrazilisabout

1.4%.Itsliteracyrateis0.83or83%.Forthese

countries,thegraphsuggeststhatcountrieswitha

higherliteracyratehavealowerrateofpopulation

growth.

Thisgraphshowshowtheworld'sconsumptionof

energyisincreasing.Thescaleontheleftisinunits

ofquadrillionBTUsorBritishThermalUnits.In

1983,theworld'senergyconsumptionwas283

quadrillionBTUs.Theworld'senergyconsumption

in1990was347quadrillionBTUs.

Thisgraphshowshowpassengercarexportschanged

inthe5yearperiodendingin2003Itshowsthevalue

ofexportsinbillionsofdollarsforsevenexporting

countries.

Thisgraphgivesthecausesoftrafficfatalitiesbased

on4000separateaccidents.Eachbarshowsthe

numberoffatalitiesforeachcause.Theaxisonthe

rightgivesthepercentage.Forexample,about1200

deathswereduetospeed.Thelinegraphabovethe

bargraphshowsthecumulativepercentageof

fatalitiesduetoeachcause.Itshowsthat72.3percent

ofthetrafficfatalitieswereduetotwocauses,lane

changesandunsafespeed.

SampleQuestions:

Whendidtheapprovalratingreach50%?

Whendidtheapprovalratingreachitslowestpoint?

Whathashappenedtotheapprovalratingduringthe

past4months?

（a）Ithasstayedflat.（b）Ithasimproved.（c）Ithas

gottenworse.

Whatpercentofvotersdisapprovedofthe

government'sperformanceduringmonth8?

Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthisgraph?

Whichcountryhasanegativegrowthrate?

Whichcountryhasthehighestgrowthrate?

Ofthesecountries,whichcountryhasthelowestrate

ofliteracy?

AboutwhatisVietnam'sliteracyrate?

Whatwastheworld'senergy