湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练4.docx

湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练4.docx

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湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练4

湖北省随州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（4）（答案或解析）

Throughouttheworld,boysandgirlsprefertoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoys.Boystypicallyliketoplaywithcarsandtrucks,whilegirlstypicallychoosetoplaywithdolls.Whyisthis?

Atraditionalsociologicalexplanationisthatboysandgirlsaresocializedandencouragedtoplaywithdifferenttypesoftoysbytheirparents,peers,andthe“society”.Growingscientificevidencesuggests,however,thatboys’andgirls’toypreferencesmayhaveabiologicalorigin.

In2002,GerianneM.AlexanderofTexasA&MUniversityandMelissaHinesofCityUniversityinLondonsurprisedthescientificworldbyshowingthatmonkeysshowedthesamesextypicaltoypreferencesashumans.Inthestudy,AlexanderandHinesgavetwomasculinetoys（aballandapolicecar）,twofemininetoys（asoftdollandacookingpot）,andtwoneutraltoys（apicturebookandastuffeddog）to44maleand44femalemonkeys.Theythenassessedthemonkeys’preferenceforeachtoybymeasuringhowmuchtimetheyspentwitheach.Theirdatashowedthatmalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthemasculinetoys,andthefemalemonkeysshowedsignificantlygreaterinterestinthefemininetoys.Thetwosexesdid

notdifferintheirpreferencefortheneutraltoys.

Ifchildren’stoypreferenceswerelargelyformedbygendersocialization,astraditionalsociologists’claim,inwhichtheirparentsgive“genderappropriate”toystoboysandgirls,howcanthesemaleandfemalemonkeyshavethesamepreferencesasboysandgirls？

Theywereneversocializedbyhumans,andtheyhadneverseenthesetoysbeforeintheirlives.

[语篇解读]　本文是科普阅读。

男孩和女孩在玩玩具方面具有明显的性别差异。

这种差异是后天习得的，还是与生俱来的呢？

科学家对此进行了研究。

1．Traditionalsociologistsbelieveboys’andgirls’toypreferences________.

A.arepasseddownfromtheirparents

B.haveabiologicalorigin

C.havenothingtodowithgendersocialization

D.arelargelyformedinlaterlife

[解析]　细节理解题。

从文章第一段的第四句和最后一段可知，传统的社会学家认为男孩、女孩对玩具的偏好差异是后天形成的。

[答案]　D

2．ThestudybyAlexanderandHinesshowsthatmonkeys________.

A.alsoplaytoysashumansdo

B.alsohaveasextypicaltoypreference

C.havenotoypreferences

D.liketoplaydifferenttoysatdifferenttime

[解析]　细节理解题。

文章第二段的第一句说明，猴子在玩玩具时，也有性别差异。

[答案]　B

3．AlexanderandHinescarriedoutthestudyto________.

A.findoutwhyboysandgirlspreferdifferenttoys

B.testtheintelligenceofmonkeys

C.testwhethermonkeysliketoplaytoys

D.findmoreevidencefortraditionalsociology

[解析]　推理判断题。

从文章第一段最后一句和最后一段可知，用猴子做研究的目的是证明男孩和女孩在玩玩具时所表现出的偏好是与生俱来的，而不是后天习得的。

[答案]　A

4．Accordingtothestudy,ifgivenastuffeddog,________.

A.onlythemalemonkeysshowedinterest

B.thefemalemonkeysshowedmoreinterest

C.themaleandfemalemonkeysshowedthesameinterest

D.neitherthemalenorthefemalemonkeysshowedanyinterest

[解析]　细节理解题。

从文章第二段最后一句可知，如果给一种中性的玩具，猴子表现出的兴趣没有性别差异。

[答案]　C

5．Masculinetoysaremainlyintendedfor________.

A.monkeys　B.adult

C.boysD.girls

[解析]　细节理解题。

从文章第二段可知，这种玩具是跟女孩玩的玩具相对的，因此是指男孩玩具。

[答案]　C

*************************************************************************结束

【重庆八中】

第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）

以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：

把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：

在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：

在错的词下划一横线，在该右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：

请在答题卡上作答。

AnitaMeiwasveryfamouspopsingerinHongKong.Together

76.______

withhermother,shebegantoperformintheageoffour.Inthe

77.______

early1980s,shetookpartinalocalsingco

mpetitionandwonthe

78.______

firstprize.Thesong“BadGirl”madeshefamous.Thefollowing

79.______

yearssawAnitamakemanyrecords.Someofhersongwerevery

80.______

popular.Shewasalwaysreadytohelpothers,butshemadealot

81.______

ofgoodfriends.WhenSARShitsHongKong,sheorganized

82.______

severalconcertswithotherspopstars,callingonHongKong

83.______

peopletobravelyfacethedisease.Sad,Anitadiedofcancer

84.______

in2003.Theladythatwhomwasbraveandbeautifulwill

alwaysberememberedbypeople.

85.______

AnitaMeiwas∧veryfamouspopsingerinHongKong.Together76.a_______

withhermother,shebegantoperformintheageoffour.Inthe77.at___

early1980s,shetookpartinalocalsingcompetitionandwonthe78.singing_

firstprize.Thesong“BadGirl”madeshefamous.Thefollowing79.her___

yearssawAnitamakemanyrecords.Someofhersongwerevery80.songs

popular.Shewasalwaysreadytohelpothers,butshemadealot81.and/so__

ofgoodfriends

.WhenSARShitsHongKong,sheorganized82.hit____

severalconcertswithotherspopstars,callingonHongKong83.other___

peopletobraveyfacethedisease.Sad,Anitadiedofcancer84.Sadly__

in2003.Theladythatwhomwasbraveandbeautifulwillalways85.whom

berememberedbypeople.

**************************************************************结束

·话题探究

·链接高考

链接1.（2012四川卷）

IleftuniversitywithagooddegreeinEnglishLiterature,butnosenseofwhatIwantedtodo.Overthenextsixyears,Iwastreadingwater,justtryingtoearnanincome.Itriedjournalism,butIdidn'tthinkIwasanygood,thenfinance,whichIhated.Finally,Igotajobasarightsassistantatafamouspublisher.

Ilovedworkingwithbooks,

althoughthejobthatIdidwasdull.

Ihadenoughsavingstotakeayearoffwork,andIdecidedtotrytosatisfyadeep-downwishtowriteanovel.AttendingaNovelWritingMAcoursegavemethestructureIneededtowritemyfirst55,000words.

Ittakesconfidencelomakeanewstart—there'sadarkperiodin-betweenwhereyou'reneitheronethingnortheother.You'reoutfordinnerandpeopleaskwhatyoudo,andyou'retooashamedtosay,"Well.I'mwritinganovel,butI'mnotquitesureifI'mgoingtog

etthere."Myconfidencedived.Believingmynovelcouldnotbepublished,Iputitaside.

ThenImetanagent（代理商）whosaidIshouldsendmynovelouttoagents.So,Ididand,tomysurprise,gotsomewonderfulfeedback.IfeltalittlehopethatImigh

ta

ctuallybecomeapublishedwriterand,aftersigningwithanagent,Ifinishedthesecondhalfofthenovel.

Thenextproblemwasfindingapublisher.Aftertwo-and-a-halfyearsofnoincome,justwaitingandwondering,apublisherofferedmeabookdeal—thatpublisherturnedouttobetheoneIonceworkedfor.

Itfeelslikeanunbelievablestrokeofluck—offate,really.Whenyousetouttodosomethingdifferent,there'snoendinsight,sotofindmyselfinapositionwhereInowhavemyownnameonacontract（合同）ofthepublisher—tobeapublishedwriter—isunbelievablyrewarding（有回报的）.

49.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1mean?

A.Iwaswailingforgoodfortune.

B.Iwastryingtofindanadmirablejob.

C.Iwasbeinga

imlessaboutasuitablejob.

D.Iwas

doingseveraljobsformorepayatatime.

50.Theauthordecidedtowriteanovel.

A.tofinishthewritingcourse

B.torealizeherowndream

C.tosatisfyreaders'wish

D.toearnmoremoney

51.Howdidthewriterfeelhalfwaywiththenovel?

A.Disturbed.B.Ashamed.C.Confident.D.Uncertain.

52.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellreadersinthelastparagraph?

A.Itpaystosticktoone'sgoal.

B.Hardworkcanleadtosuccess.

C.Shefeelslikebei

ngunexpectedlylucky.

D.Thereisnoendinsightwhenstartingtodosomething.

51.【答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。

根据第三段的第二句：

"Well.I'mwritinganovel,butI'mnotquitesureifI'mgoingtogetthere."Myconfidencediv

ed.可以推知，作者之所以写第一本小说时半途而废是因为不自信、不确定，故答案D符合文意。

52.【答案】A

【试题解析】目的意图题。

根据文章最后一句：

…isunbelievablyrewarding，可以推断出作者的目的要鼓励大家敢于尝试，追逐自己的梦想，这是值得的，故答案A符合文意。

【难度】一般【长难句解析】Ittakesconfidencelomakeanewstart—there'sadarkperiodin-betweenwhereyou'reneitheronethingnortheother.有足够的自信才能够重新开始。

其中有一段黑暗的时期，你什么都不是。

where引导定语从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词adarkperiod。

********************************************************结束

A

Hanswasanhonestfellowwithafunnyroundgood-humoredface.Livingalone,everydayheworkedinhisgarden.Inallthecountrysidetherewasnogardensolovelyashis.Allsortsofflowersgrewthere,bloomingintheirproperorderasthemonthswentby,oneflowertakinganotherflower’splace,sothattherewerealwaysbeautifulthingstosee,andpleasantodorstosmell.

Hanshadmanyfriends,themostdevotedbeingtheMiller.SodevotedwastherichMillertoHansthathe’dnevergobyhisgardenwithoutpluckingalargebunchofflowersorahandfulofsweetherbs,orfillinghispocketswithfruits.TheMillerusedtotalkaboutnobleideas,andHansnoddedandsmiled,feelingproudofhavingsuchafriend.

TheneighborsthoughtitstrangethattherichMillernevergaveHansanythinginreturn,thoughhehadhundredsofsacksofflour,manycowsandsheep,butHansnevertroubledhisheadaboutthese,andnothinggavehimgreaterpleasurethantolistentoallthewonderfulthingsabouttheunselfishnessof

truefriendship.

Inspring,summer,andautumnHanswasveryhappy,butwhenwintercame,andhehadnofruitorflowerstosell,hesufferedfromcoldandhunger.Thoughextremelylonely,theMillernevercametoseehimthen.

“There’snogoodingoingtoseeHanswhilethesnowlasts.”TheMillersaidtohiswife,“Whenpeopleareintroubletheyshouldn’tbebothered.SoI’llwaittillthespringcomesw

henhe’shappytogivemeflowers.”

“You’recertainlyverythoughtful,”answeredhiswife,“It’squiteatreattohearyoutalkaboutfriendship.”

“Couldn’tweaskHansuphere?

”saidtheirson.“I’llgivehimhalfmymeal,andshowhimmywhiterabbits.”

“Howsillyyouare!

”criedtheMiller.“Ireallydon’tknowwhat’stheuseofsendingyoutosch