专四阅读完型第二套模拟.docx

专四阅读完型第二套模拟.docx

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专四阅读完型第二套模拟

专四阅读和完型第二套模拟题及答案解析

Part

:

完型填空

Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublications,interofficecommunications,nottomentionnewspapersandmagazine:

anever-endingfloodofwords.In_31_ajoboradvancinginone,theabilitytoreadandcomprehend_32_canmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusare_33_readers.Mostofusdeveloppoorreading_34_atanearlyage,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiency_35_intheactualstuffoflanguageitself-words.Takenindividually,wordshave_36_meaninguntiltheyarestrungtogatherintophrase,sentencesandparagraphs._37_,however,theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordatatime,oftenregressingto_38_wordsorpassages,Regression,thetendencytolookbackover_39_youhavejustread,isacommonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabitwhich_40_downthespeedofreadingisvocalization—soundingeachwordeitherorallyormentallyas_41_reads.

Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinicsuseadevicecalledan_42_,whichmovesabar（orcurtain）downthepageatapredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetataslightlyfasterrate_43_thereaderfindscomfortable,inorderto“stretch”him.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,_44_word-by-wordreading,regressionandsubvocalization,practicallyimpossible.Atfist_45_issacrificedforspeed.Butwhenyoulearntoreadideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,_46_yourcomprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefound_47_readingskilldrasticallyimprovedaftersometraining._48_CharlceAu,abusinessmanager,forinstance,hisreadingratewasareasonablygood172wordsaminute_49_thetraining,nowitisanexcellent1,378wordsaminute.Heisdelighterthathowhecan_50_alotmorereadingmaterialinashortperiodoftime.

31A.applyingB.doingC.offeringD.getting

32A.quicklyB.easilyC.roughlyD.decidedly

33A.goodB.curiousC.poorD.urgent

34A.trainingB.habitsC.situlationsD.custom

35A.liesB.combinesC.touchesD.involves

36A.someB.alotC.littleD.dull

37A.FortunatelyB.InfactC.LogicallyD.Unfortunately

38A.reuseB.rewardC.rewriteD.recite

39A.whatB.whichC.thatD.if

40A.scalesB.cutsC.slowsD.measures

41A.someoneB.oneC.heD.reader

42A.acceleratorB.actorC.amplifierD.observer

43A.thenB.asC.beyondD.than

44A.enablingB.leadingC.makingD.indicating

45A.meaningB.comprehensionC.gistD.regression

46A.butB.norC.orD.for

47A.ourB.yourC.theirD.sucha

48A.LookatB.TakeC.MakeD.Consider

49A.forB.inC.afterD.before

50A.masterB.gooverC.presentD.getthrough

Part

阅读理解

TextA:

Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinagediscriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.WhilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbytheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,andcaseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.

Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalaryandpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious（虚构的）entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Amongthisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.

Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkerswhentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.

Fromtheemployer'sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employersmaybelesslikelytoremoveprotectedolderworkersbecause'theystillfearlawsuits.Onethingwedoknowisthatonceanolderworkerlosesajob,heorsheismuchlesslikelytofindanewjobthanayoungerworkeris.

Unfortunately,theeffectoflegislationprohibitingagediscriminationisnoteasytoseeandmayactuallybepartofthereasonitissodifficultforolderworkerstofindemployment.Ifitismoredifficulttofireanolderworkerthanayoungerworker,afirmwillbelesslikelytowanttohireolderworkers.Indeed,myresearchfindsthatinstateswhereworkershavelongertimetobringalawsuitclaim,oldermenworkfewerweeksperyear,arelesslikelytobehired,andlesslikelytobefiredthanmeninstateswheretheydonothaveasmuch.

NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.However,legislationprohibitingdiscriminationisnopanacea（万灵药）.Therecentproposedcongressionallegislationcouldhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonpotentialolderworkers.

1.Alotofcasesofagediscriminationarenotfoundbecause

A.agediscriminationlawwasjustintroducedrecently.

B.otherdiscriminatedgroupsdon'tsueexceptthewhites.

C.agediscriminationcasesareinlargequantityanditisdifficulttodetectallofthem.

D.manydiscriminatedpeopledon'tsueandcostsofalawsuitoutweighpotentialbenefits.

2.ThelabormarketexperimentinBostonshowsthat

A.youngermaleapplicantsaremorelikelytobehiredthantheirfemalecounterparts.

B.agediscriminationisquitecommoninhiringprocess.

C.theauthorcollectedinformationbyinterviewingfemaleapplicants.

D.femaleapplicantswhoare50yearsoldwillneverhaveachancetogetajob.

3.Whatmayleadtotheincreaseofdiscriminationlawsuitsduringtimesofhighunemployment?

A.Theincreaseofagediscrimination.

B.Thedecreaseofagediscrimination.

C.Thedecreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.

D.Theincreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits,.

4.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthat

A.employerscouldspecifytheagesofpeopletheywanttohireinthepast.

B,allemployersrecruitedworkersthroughadvertisementinthepast.

C.legislationprohibitingdiscriminationcan'tfreeoldworkersfromagediscrimination.

D.therecentproposedcongressionallegislationisineffective.

5.Theauthoris__whenheanalyzestheagediscriminationissue.

A.pessimistic

B.partial

C.objective

D.doubtful

TextB:

Parentsareoftenupsetwhentheirchildrenpraisethehomesoftheirfriendsandregarditasaslur（诋毁）ontheirowncooking,orcleaning,orfurniture,andoftenarefoolishenoughtolettheadolescentsseethattheyareannoyed.Theymayevenaccusethemofdisloyalty,ormakesomespitefulremarkaboutthefriends'parents.Suchalossofdignityanddescentintochildishbehavioronthepartoftheadultsdeeplyshockstheadolescents,andmakesthemresolvethatinfuturetheywillnottalktotheirparentsabouttheplaceorpeopletheyvisit.Beforeverylongtheparentswillbecomplainingthatthechildissosecretiveandnevertellsthemanything,buttheyseldomrealizethattheyhavebroughtthisonthemselves.

Disillusionmentwiththeparents,howevergoodandadequatetheymaybebothasparentsandasindividuals,istosomedegreeinevitable.Mostchildrenhavesuchahighidealoftheirparents,unlesstheparentsthemselveshavebeenunsatisfactory,thatitcan,hardlyhopetostanduptoarealisticevaluation.Parentswouldbegreatlysurprisedanddeeplytouchediftheyrealizedhowmuchbelieftheirchildrenusuallyhaveintheircharacterandinfallibility,andhowmuchthisfaithmeanstoachild.Ifparentswerepreparedforthisadolescentreaction,andrealizedthatitwasasignthatthechildwasgrowingupanddevelopingvaluablepowersofobservationandindependentjudgmenttheywouldnotbesohurt,andthereforewouldnotdrivethechildintooppositionbyresentingandresistingit.

Theadolescent,withhispassionforsincerity,alwaysrespectsaparentwhoadmitsthatheiswrong,orignorant,oreventhathehasbeenunfairorunjust.Whatthechildcannotforgiveistheparent’srefusaltoadmitthesechargesifthechildknowsthemtobetrue.

Victorianparentsbelievedthattheykepttheirdignitybyretreatingbehindanunreasoningauthoritarianattitude;infacttheydidnothingofthekind,butchildrenwerethentoocowedtoletthemknowhowtheyreallyfelt.Todaywetendtogototheotherextreme,butonthewholethisisahealthierattitudebothforthechildandtheparent.Itisalwayswiserandsafertofaceuptoreality,howeverpainfulitmaybeatthemoment.

1.Accordingtothepassage,childrenwouldarouseparents'disappointmentfor

A.admiringtheirfriends'homes.

B.talkingbacktotheirparents.

C.complaininghome-madedishes.

D.mak