人教版九年级英语期末复习专题三短文填空解题技巧剖析及强化训练含答案.docx
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人教版九年级英语期末复习专题三短文填空解题技巧剖析及强化训练含答案
2019-2020人教版九年级英语期末复习
专题三、短文填空解题技巧剖析及强化训练(含答案)
一、命题方向剖析。
短文填空近年来在各地中考题目中均有出现,分值从10-15分不等。
此类题型不同于完形填空,完形填空会给出相应的选项供同学们选择,并且主要以考察短文理解和词汇辨析运用。
而短文填空通常只会给出10-12个单词或者首字母,要求考生根据短文意思和句型结构,将单词的正确形式补充到文章中去。
二、考察范围解读。
短文填空主要考察词汇的正确形式和运用。
词汇方面主要以以下几类为主:
(1)、动词的时态和语态;
(2)、形容词比较级和修饰词;
(3)、形容词与副词的辨析;
(4)、名词的单复数;
(5)、介词短语搭配;
(6)、简单句型结构搭配(如:
定语从句的关系代词)
(7)、连接词和转折词;
(8)、关系代词的形式。
三、解题步骤分析。
在解答短文填空题目是,首先要客服心理恐惧,如果单纯的读一个空填一个空,那么正确率肯定会收到影响。
因此,同学们在解答此类题型的时候,可以参考以下步骤:
1、迅速阅读给出的单词,联想其中文意思和含义;
2、进入文章阅读,逐句分析,理解其含义;
3、适当勾画一些关键词和暗示词组;
4、综合分析,锁定句子中所缺成分;
5、联系上下文,通读全文,得出答案。
四、典型例题解析。
例题1、(2019成都中考)短文填空。
从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
badBritishconsiderfunhopepleasure
powertheytotalunderstandwewin
IsittruethatweBritishpeoplehaveadifferentsenseofhumorfrompeopleinothercountries?
Let’shavealookatwhatwelaughatin___61___.
TousBritishpeople,___62___andimportantpeopleoftencauselaughter.It’snotjustpoliticians(政客)whomakeuslaugh,butanyonewhosejobistotellotherpeoplewhattodoandwhotakes___63___tooseriously.
Welaughatthepower,butalso,pitifully,atanyonewhoistreated___64___.Weknowtheycannotwin,butiftheydowinsometimes,it’seven___65___.Ourclowns(小丑)areoftensillypeopledoingsillythings,whileinAmerica,theyareoftencleverpeopledoingcleverthings-and___66___atlast.
Thefactthatwelaughwhenotherpeoplemightfeel___67___isoneofthestrangestthingstolearnaboutBritishhumor.Wedohaveastrongsenseofirony(反讽).Aftersometerribleexperience,wemightsay,“Notvery___68___.”Andwemightsayinthemiddleofatyphoon,“It’sabitwindytoday.”Or“Thereisatinyproblem,”whensomethinghasgone___69___wrong.Wedon’tliketoexpressstrongfeelings,butjust“keepcalmandcarryon”.
Anotherthingsthatcanmakeitdifficult___70___Britishhumoristhatwedon’talwayslaughorevensmilewhenwesaysomethingfunny.Weoftenkeepastraightfaceoruseanunsmilingexpressionwhenwe’remakingajoke.
DoyouthinktheBritishsenseofhumorisspecial?
第一步:
迅速阅读给出的单词,联想其中文意思和含义。
badBritishconsiderfunhopepleasure
坏/不好英国考虑后加of愉快、开心希望愉快
powertheytotalunderstandwewin
能量(powerful)他们them总共intotal理解us/our获胜
第二步:
进入文章阅读,理解大意。
短文大意:
本文介绍了英国人不同于其他国家的幽默感。
先介绍了英国人都在笑什么,后面具体介绍了让人难以理解的英国人的幽默感的两种情况:
一是别人感到绝望时英国人却大笑;二是当说一些有趣的事情时并不总是笑,甚至是微笑,而是经常板着脸或者表情严肃。
第三步:
适当勾画一些关键词和暗示词组。
IsittruethatweBritishpeoplehaveadifferentsenseofhumorfrompeopleinothercountries?
Let’shavealookatwhatwelaughatin___61___.
TousBritishpeople,___62___andimportantpeopleoftencauselaughter.It’snotjustpoliticians(政客)whomakeuslaugh,butanyonewhosejobistotellotherpeoplewhattodoandwhotakes___63___tooseriously.
Welaughatthepower,butalso,pitifully,atanyonewhoistreated___64___.Weknowtheycannotwin,butiftheydowinsometimes,it’seven___65___.Ourclowns(小丑)areoftensillypeopledoingsillythings,whileinAmerica,theyareoftencleverpeopledoingcleverthings-and___66___atlast.
Thefactthatwelaughwhenotherpeoplemightfeel___67___isoneofthestrangestthingstolearnaboutBritishhumor.Wedohaveastrongsenseofirony(反讽).Aftersometerribleexperience,wemightsay,“Notvery___68___.”Andwemightsayinthemiddleofatyphoon,“It’sabitwindytoday.”Or“Thereisatinyproblem,”whensomethinghasgone___69___wrong.Wedon’tliketoexpressstrongfeelings,butjust“keepcalmandcarryon”.
Anotherthingsthatcanmakeitdifficult___70___Britishhumoristhatwedon’talwayslaughorevensmilewhenwesaysomethingfunny.Weoftenkeepastraightfaceoruseanunsmilingexpressionwhenwe’remakingajoke.
DoyouthinktheBritishsenseofhumorisspecial?
第四步:
综合分析,锁定句子中所缺成分;并联系上下文,通读全文,得出答案。
61句意:
让我们来看看我们在英国笑什么。
根据上文weBritishpeoplehaveadifferentsenseofhumor和所给单词提示,可知这里是说“在英国”,故填Britain。
62句意:
对我们英国人来说,有权有势和重要的人常常引起笑声。
and表并列,连接两个并列的形容词;根据下文It’snotjustpoliticianswhomakeuslaugh和所给单词提示,可知politicians(政客)是有权力的人,故填powerful。
63句意:
让我们发笑的不只是政客,还有那些工作就是告诉别人该做什么的人,以及那些把自己看得太严肃的人。
本句是定语从句,先行词who指人,动词take需接宾格代词或反身代词做宾语;根据句意结构和所给单词提示,可知填themselves。
64句意:
我们嘲笑权力,但也可怜地嘲笑任何受到不公正对待的人。
treat对待,动词需用副词修饰;根据下文英美人对待小丑的不同和所给单词提示,可知填badly。
65句意:
我们知道他们不可能赢,但如果他们赢了,有时甚至更有趣。
even甚至,修饰比较级;根据句意结构和所给单词提示,可知填funnier。
66句意:
而在美国,他们通常是做傻事的聪明人——最后赢得了胜利。
and连接并列结构,前后动词结构需一致;根据上文doingcleverthings和所给单词提示,可知填winning。
67句意:
当别人感到绝望时,我们却大笑的事实,是了解英国幽默最奇怪的事情之一。
feel是表感觉系动词,后接形容词;根据句意结构和所给单词提示,可知填hopeless。
68句意:
在经历了一些可怕的经历之后,我们可能会说,“不太愉快”。
very非常,副词修饰形容词;not表否定,根据Aftersometerribleexperience和所给单词提示,可知填pleasant。
69句意:
或者说“有一个小问题,”当事情完全出错时。
wrong错误的,形容词需用副词修饰;根据句意结构和所给单词提示,可知填totally。
70句意:
另一个让人很难理解英国幽默的地方是,当我们说一些有趣的话时,我们不总是笑,甚至不总是微笑。
本句是固定句型“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式”结构,it是形式宾语,不定式是真正宾语;根据句意结构和所给单词提示,可知填tounderstand。
答案:
61.Britain62.powerful63.themselves64.badly65.funnier
66.winning67.hopeless68.pleasant69.totally70.tounderstand
专题三、短文填空强化训练
期末强化训练、一
从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
choose,across,never,thirst,need,time,
play,on,exercises,photo,throughdifference
Doyouwanttobehealthier?
Thengo1thepassage,andyoumayfindit’seasytokeepfit.
Eatallkindsoffoods,especiallyfruitsandvegetables.
Youmayhaveafavouritekindoffood,butthebest2istoeatasmanykindsaspossible.Ifyoueat3foods,you’remorelikelytogetthenutrientsyourbodyneeds.Tastenewfoodsthatyou4triedbefore.Somefoods,suchasgreenvegetables,areveryimportant.Havefiveservings(份)offruitsandthreevegetables.
Drinkwaterandmilkoften.
Whenyouarereally5,coldwateristheNo.1choice.Kidsneedcalcium(钙)togrowstrong,andmilkisagreatsourceofthismineral(矿物质).Howmuchdochildren6?
Aboutthreeglassesofmilkeveryday.
Limitscreentime.
What’sscreentime?
It’sthe7forwatchingTV,DVDs,andvideos,8
computergames,andusingthecomputer.Ifyouspendmuchtime9theseactivities,youmayhavelesstimelefttotake10,suchasplayingbasketball,bicycling,andswimming.
期末强化训练、二
从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
see,lookedfor,hunt,dog,kill,wolf,die,
tear,remind,back,hunt,his,remember
Morethansevenhundredyearsago,thePrinceofWaleshadaverybigandbravedogcalledGelert.
OnedaythePrincewantedtogo1.____withhismen.Hetoldhis2.___tostayathomeandlookafterhisbabyson.Thebabywasinawoodencradle(摇篮),whichwaslikeasmallbed.
WhenthePrincecamebackfromhunting,Gelertranouttomeethismaster.Hewaggedhistailandjumpeduptoputhispaws(前爪)onthePrince'schest.ThenthePrincesawthebloodonGelert'sjawsandhead.
"Whathaveyoudone?
"thePrincesaid.Herushedintohishouseand3.________hisbabyson.Thecradlewaslyingonitssideonthefloor.Theclothesweretornandtherewasbloodonthem.
"Soyouhavekilledmyson?
"thePrincesaidangrily."Youunfaithfuldog!
"Hetookouthissword(剑)and4.________thedog.JustasGelertwas5.________,hemanagedtobark.ThenthePrinceheardababycalltothedog.
ThePrinceranoutofthehouseandsawhissonlyingonthegroundunhurt.Nearhimwasadead6.________.ThenthePrinceknewthatGelerthaddefended(保卫)thebabyandkilledthewolf.
ThePrinceran7._____intothehousebuthewastoolate.Gelertwasdead.ThePrincewasverysadindeed.8._____randownhisfacewhenherealized'hehadkilled9.____faithfulfriend.ThePrincecarriedthebodyofhisbravedogtothetopofamountainandburiedhimthere.Afterthis,thePrinceneversmiledagain.Everymorningatdawn,hewalkedupthemountainandstoodbythedog'sgraveforafewminutes.
IfyougotoMountSnowdoninWales,peoplewillshowyouwhereGelertisburied.Thereisasignbyhisgrave.It10.______peopleofabraveandfaithfuldog.
期末强化训练、三
从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
popular,minute,helpful,correct,but,pleased,
and,move,build,use,send,water
Gordon,the“barista”(咖啡师)atSanFrancisco’sCafeX,willnotgreetyoubyyournameorwishyoua_____1___day.Why?
BecauseGordonisnotahuman____2____arobot(机器人).Itcanmaketheperfectcupofcoffee.TheownerofthisspecialcoffeeshopisHenryHu.Hunoticedthathumanbaristasspentalotoftime_____3____cupsaroundwhilemakingdrinks.Sohedecided______4_____afullymechanized(机械化的)coffeeshop.AndthisiswhyCafeXwasborn.
Now,CafeXisgettingmoreandmore_____5_____.Customerscanordertheirdrinksby______6_____thecomputersinCafeX.What’smore,theycanalsodothatbyusinganapponthephone.Whentheorderisplaced,Gordongetstoworktomakecoffee.Whenthedrinkisready,thecustomerreceivesamessagewithacode(密码).Afterenteringit____7____,therobotwillhandoverthecoffee.
AnotherreasonwhypeoplepreferCafeXisthattheycangettheirdrinksinashortertime,abouteight____8____.Ifthedrinkisnotpickedupwithineightminutesafterthemessage______9_____,itwillbereplaced(替换)withafreshdrink.HenryHusaysCafeXistryingitsbesttoprovidecustome
rswiththegreatestcoffeeintheshortesttime.
Henryisnottheonlypersonwhomakesrobotsworkforhumans.InSanFrancisco,therobots_____10____peoplecreatebowls,too.WhileatanotherrestaurantZumePizza,therobotsareusedtomakepies.
期末强化训练、四
短文填空。
从下面方框中选出10个单词并使用其适当形式按编号将答案依次填入题后表格中,使短文意思正确、通顺(每词限用一次)。
excitedgetgoodlivelatelone
meetprogressproblemproducetwounderstand
Whatproblemswillyouhaveifyouliveandstudyabroadalone?
Howdoyoudealwiththem?
CindyZhangisanexchangestudent(交流生)fromNantong.Let’sshareherexperience