《侵权责任法》英文版.docx

《侵权责任法》英文版.docx

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《侵权责任法》英文版

〈〈中华人民共和国侵权责任法》英文版

DecreeofthePresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

（No.21）

TheTortLawofthePeople'RepublicofChina,whichwasadoptedatthe12thsessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheEleventhNationalPeople'CongressonDecember26,2009,isherebypromulgatedandshallcomeintoforceonJuly1,2010.

PresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina:

HuJintao

December26,2009

TortLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

Adoptedatthe12thsessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheEleventhNationalPeople'sCongressonDecember26,2009

TableofContents

ChapterIGeneralProvisions

ChapterIIConstitutingLiabilityandMethodsofAssumingLiability

ChapterIIICircumstancestoWaiveLiabilityandMitigateLiability

ChapterIVSpecialProvisionsonTortfeasors

ChapterVProductLiability

ChapterVILiabilityforMotorVehicleTrafficAccident

ChapterVIILiabilityforMedicalMalpractice

ChapterVIIILiabilityforEnvironmentalPollution

ChapterIXLiabilityforUltrahazardousActivity

ChapterXLiabilityforHarmCausedbyDomesticAnimal

ChapterXILiabilityforHarmCausedbyObject

ChapterXIISupplementaryProvision

ChapterIGeneralProvisions

Article1Inordertoprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofpartiesincivillawrelationships,clarifythetortliability,preventandpunishtortiousconduct,andpromotethesocialharmonyandstability,thisLawisformulated.

Article2ThosewhoinfringeuponcivilrightsandinterestsshallbesubjecttothetortliabilityaccordingtothisLaw.

“Civilrightsandinterests”usedinthisLawshallincludetherighttolife,therighttohealth,therighttoname,therighttoreputation,therighttohonor,righttoselfimage,rightofprivacy,maritalautonomy,guardianship,ownership,usufruct,securityinterest,copyright,patentright,exclusiverighttouseatrademark,righttodiscovery,equities,rightofsuccession,andotherpersonalandpropertyrightsandinterests.

Article3Thevictimofatortshallbeentitledtorequirethetortfeasortoassumethetortliability.

Article4Whereatortfeasorshallassumeadministrativeliabilityorcriminalliabilityforthesameconduct,itshallnotprejudicethetortliabilitythatthetortfeasorshalllegallyassume

Wheretheassetsofatortfeasorarenotadequateforpaymentsforthetortliabilityandadministrativeliabilityorcriminalliabilityforthesameconduct,thetortfeasorshallfirstassumethetortliability.

Article5Whereanyotherlawprovidesotherwiseforanytortliabilityinparticular,suchspecialprovisionsshallprevail.

ChapterIIConstitutingLiabilityandMethodsofAssumingLiability

Article6Onewhoisatfaultforinfringementuponacivilrightorinterestofanotherpersonshallbesubjecttothetortliability.

Onewhoisatfaultasconstruedaccordingtolegalprovisionsandcannotproveotherwiseshallbesubjecttothetortliability.

Article7Onewhoshallassumethetortliabilityforinfringinguponacivilrightorinterestofanotherperson,whetheratfaultornot,asprovidedforbylaw,shallbesubjecttosuchlegalprovisions.

Article8Wheretwoormorepersonsjointlycommitatort,causingharmtoanotherperson,theyshallbeliablejointlyandseverally.

Article9Onewhoabetsorassistsanotherpersonincommittingatortshallbeliablejointlyandseverallywiththetortfeasor.教唆

Onewhoabetsorassistsapersonwhodoesnothavecivilconductcapacityoronlyhaslimitedcivilconductcapacityincommittingatortshallassumethetortliability;theguardianofsuchapersonwithoutcivilconductcapacityorwithlimitedcivilconductcapacityshallassumetherelevantliabilityiffailingtofulfillhisguardianduties.

Article10Wheretwoormorepersonsengageinaconductthatendangersthepersonalorpropertysafetyofanotherperson,ifonlytheconductofoneorseveralofthemcausesharmtoanotherpersonandthespecifictortfeasorcanbedetermined,thetortfeasorshallbeliable;orifthespecifictortfeasorcannotbedetermined,allofthemshallbeliablejointlyandseverally.

Article11Wheretwoormorepersonscommittortsrespectively,causingthesameharm,andeachtortissufficienttocausetheentireharm,thetortfeasorsshallbeliablejointlyandseverally.

Article12Wheretwoormorepersonscommittortsrespectively,causingthesameharm,iftheseriousnessofliabilityofeachtortfeasorcanbedetermined,thetortfeasorsshallassumecorrespondingliabilitiesrespectively;oriftheseriousnessofliabilityofeachtortfeasorishardtobedetermined,thetortfeasorsshallevenlyassumethecompensatoryliability.

Article13Wherethejointandseveralliabilityshallbeassumedbythetortfeasorsaccordingtolaw,thevictimoftortsshallbeentitledtorequiresomeorallofthetortfeasorstoassumetheliability.

Article14Thecompensationamountscorrespondingtothetortfeasorswhoarejointlyandseverallyliableshallbedeterminedaccordingtotheseriousnessofeachtortfeasor;andiftheseriousnessofeachtortfeasorcannotbedetermined,thetortfeasorsshallevenlyassumethecompensatoryliability.

Atortfeasorwhohaspaidanamountofcompensationexceedinghiscontributionshallbeentitledtobereimbursedbytheothertortfeasorswhoarejointlyandseverallyliable.

Article15Themethodsofassumingtortliabilitiesshallinclude:

1.cessatiorofinfringement;停止

2.removalofobstruction;

3.eliminationofdanger;

4.returnofproperty;

5.restorationtotheoriginalstatus;恢复

pensationforlosses;

7.apology;and

8.eliminationofconsequencesandrestorationofreputation.

Theabovemethodsofassumingthetortliabilitymaybeadoptedindividuallyor

jointly.

Article16Whereatortcausesanypersonalinjurytoanotherperson,thetortfeasorshallcompensatethevictimforthereasonablecostsandexpensesfortreatmentandrehabilitation,suchasmedicaltreatmentexpenses,nursingfeesandtravelexpenses,aswellasthelostwages.Ifthevictimsuffersanydisability,thetortfeasorshallalsopaythecostsofdisabilityassistanceequipmentforthelivingofthevictimandthedisabilityindemnity.Ifitcausesthedeathofthevictim,thetortfeasorshallalsopaythefuneralservicefeesandthedeathcompensation.

Article17Wherethesametortcausesthedeathsofseveralpersons,auniformamountofdeathcompensationmaybedetermined.

Article18Whereatortcausesthedeathtothevictim,thecloserelativeofthevictimshallbeentitledtorequirethetortfeasortoassumethtortliability.Wherethevictimofatort,whichisanentity,issplitormerged,theentitysucceedingtotherightsofthevictimshallbeentitledtorequirethetortfeasortoassumethetortliability.

Whereatortcausesthedeathtothevictim,thosewhohavepaidthemedicaltreatmentexpenses,funeralservicefeesandotherreasonablecostsandexpensesforthevictimshallbeentitledtorequirethetortfeasortocompensatethemforsuchcostsandexpenses,exceptthatthetortfeasorhasalreadypaidsuchcostsandexpenses.

Article19Whereatortcausesanyharmtothepropertyofanotherperson,theamountoflosstothepropertyshallbecalculatedasperthemarketpriceatthetimeofoccurrenceofthelossorcalculatedotherwise.

Article20Whereanyharmcausedbyatorttoapersonalrightorinterestofanotherpersongivesrisetoanylosstothepropertyofthevictimofthetort,thetortfeasorshallmakecompensationasperthelosssustainedbythevictimastheresultofthetort.Ifthelosssustainedbythevictimishardtobedeterminedandthetortfeasorobtainsanybenefitfromthetort,thetortfeasorshallmakecompensationasperthebenefitobtainedbyit.Ifthebenefitobtainedbythetortfeasorfromthetortishardtobedetermined,thevictimandthetortfeasordisagreetotheamountofcompensationafterconsultation,andanacbnisbroughttoapeople'scourt,thepeople'scourtshaldeterminetheamountofcompensationbasedontheactualsituations.

Article21Whereatortendangersthepersonalorpropertysafetyofanotherperson,thevictimofthetortmayrequirethetortfeasortoassumethetortliabilitiesincludingbutnotlimitedtocessionofinfringement,removalofobstructionandeliminationofdanger.

Article22Whereanyharmcausedbyatorttoapersonalrightorinterestofanotherpersoninflictsaseriousmentaldistressonthevictimofthetort,thevictimofthetortmayrequirecompensationfortheinflictionofmentaldistress.给予

Article23Whereonesustainsanyharmastheresultofpreventingorstoppingtheinfringementuponthecivilrightorinterestofanotherperson,thetortfeasorshallbeliablefortheharm.Ifthetortfeasorfleesorisunabletoassumetheliabilityandthevictimofthetortrequirescompensation,thebeneficiaryshallproperlymakecompensation.

Article24Whereneitherthevictimnortheactorisatfaultfortheoccurrenceofadamage,bothofthemmaysharethedamagebasedontheactualsituations.

Article25Aftertheoccurrenceofanyharm,thepartiesmayconsulteachotheraboutthemethodstopayforcompensations.Iftheconsultationfails,thecompensationsshallbepaidinalumpsum.Ifitishardtomakethepaymentinalumpsum,thepaymentmaybemadeininstallmentsbutacorrespondingsecurityshallbeprovided.

ChapterIIICircumstancestoWaiveLiabilityandMitigateLiability

Article26Wherethevictimofatortisalsoatfaultastotheoccurrenceofharm,theliabilityofthetortfeasormaybemitigated减轻的

Article27Theactorshallnotbeliableforanyharmthatiscausedintentionallybythevictim.

Article28Whereanyharmiscausedbyathirdparty,