河北工业大学博士英语答案.docx

河北工业大学博士英语答案.docx

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河北工业大学博士英语答案

TEXTB

   Punditswhowanttosoundjudiciousarefondofwarningagainstgeneralizing.Eachcountryisdifferent,theysay,andnoonestoryfitsallofAsia.Thisis,ofcourse,silly:

alloftheseeconomiesplungedintoeconomiccrisiswithinafewmonthsofeachother,sotheymusthavehadsomethingincommon.

   Infact,thelogicofcatastrophewasprettymuchthesameinThailand,Malaysia,IndonesiaandSouthKorea.（Japanisaverydifferentstory.）Ineachcaseinvestors——mainly,butnotentirely,foreignbankswhohadmadeshort-termloans——alltriedtopulltheirmoneyoutatthesametime.Theresultwasacombinedbankingandcurrencycrisis:

abankingcrisisbecausenobankcanconvert allitsassetsintocashonshortnotice;acurrencycrisisbecausepanickedinvestorsweretryingnotonlytoconvertlong-termassetsintocash,buttoconvertbahtorrupiahintodollars.Inthefaceofthestampede,governmentshadnogoodoptions.Iftheylettheircurrenciesplungeinflationwouldsoarandcompaniesthathadborrowedindollarswouldgobankrupt;iftheytriedtosupporttheircurrenciesbypushingupinterestrates,thesamefirmswouldprobablygobustfromthecombinationofdebtburdenandrecession.Inpractice,countries’splitthedifference——andpaidaheavypriceregardless.

   Wasthecrisisapunishmentforbadeconomicmanagement?

Likemostcliches, thecatchphrase“cronycapitalism”hasprosperedbecauseitgetsatsomethingreal:

excessivelycozyrelationshipsbetweengovernmentandbusinessreallydidleadtoalotofbadinvestments.ThestillprimitivefinancialstructureofAsianbusinessalsomadetheeconomiespeculiarlyvulnerabletoalossofconfidence.Butthepunishmentwassurelydisproportionatetothecrime,andmanyinvestmentsthatlookfoolishinretrospectseemedsensibleatthetime.

   Giventhattherewerenogoodpolicyoptions,wasthepolicyresponsemainlyonthefighttrack?

Therewasfranticblame-shiftingwheneverythinginAsiaseemedtobegoingwrong:

nowthereisaracetoclaimcreditwhensomethingshavestartedtogoright.TheinternationalMonetaryFundpointstoKorea’srecovery——andmoregenerallytothefactthattheskydidn’tfallafterall——as proofthatitspolicyrecommendationswereright.NevermindthatotherIMFclientshavedonefarworse,andthattheeconomyofMalaysia——whichrefusedIMFhelp,andhorrifiedrespectableopinionbyimposingcapitalcontrols——alsoseemstobeonthemend.Malaysia’sprimeMinister,bycontrast,claimsfullcreditforanygoodnews——eventhoughneighbouringeconomiesalsoseemtohavebottomedout.

    ThetruthisthatanobserverwithoutanyaxtogrindwouldprobablyconcludethatnoneofthepoliciesadoptedeitheronorindefianceoftheIMF’sadvicemademuchdifferenceeitherway.Budgetpolicies,interestratepolicies,bankingreform——whatevercountriestried,justaboutallthecapitalthatcould flee,did.Andwhentherewasnomeremoneytorun,thenaturalrecuperativepowersoftheeconomiesfinallybegantoprevail.Atbest,themoneydoctorswhopurportedtooffercuresprovidedahelpfulbedsidemanner;atworst,theywerelikemedievalphysicianswhoprescribedbleedingasaremedyforallills.

    Willthepatientsstageafullrecovery?

Itdependsonexactlywhatyoumeanby“full”.SouthKorea’sindustrialproductionisalreadyaboveitspre-crisislevel;butinthespringof1997anyonewhohadpredictedzerogrowthinKoreanindustryoverthenexttwoyearswouldhavebeenregardedasarecklessdoomsayer.Soifbyrecoveryyoumeannotjustareturntogrowth,butonethatbringstheregion’sperformancebacktosomethinglikewhatpeopleusedtoregardastheAsiannorm,theyhavealongwaytogo.

19.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTthewriter’sopinion?

A.Countriespaidaheavypriceforwhichevermeasuretaken.

B.Countriesallfoundthemselvesinaneconomicdilemma.

C.Withdrawalofforeigncapitalresultedinthecrisis.

D.Mostgovernmentschoseoneofthetwooptions.

20.ThewriterthinksthatthoseAsiancountries___.

A.welldeservedthepunishment

B.investedinasenselesswayatthetime

C.wereundulypunishedinthecrisis

D.hadbadrelationshipsbetweengovernmentandbusiness

21.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatIMFpolicyrecommendations ___.

A.werefarfromapanaceainallcases

B.werefeasibleintheirrecipientcountries

C.failedtoworkintheirrecipientcountries

D.wererejectedunanimouslybyAsiancountries

22.Attheendofthepassage,thewriterseemstothinkthatafullrecoveryoftheAsianeconomyis___.

A.due  B.remote  C.imaginative  D.unpredictable

短文大意：

本文主要论述的是1997年的亚洲金融危机的危害及其爆发的原因。

19.答案：

D

【参考译文】根据该短文，下列哪一项不是作者的观点？

【试题分析】本题为排除题。

【详细解答】短文第二段最后几句说“Inthefaceofthestampede,governmentshadnogoodoptions.Iftheylettheircurrenciesplungeinflationwouldsoarandcompaniesthathadborrowedindollarswouldgobankrupt;iftheytriedtosupporttheircurrenciesbypushingupinterestrates,thesamefirmswouldprobablygobustfromthecombinationofdebtburdenandrecession.Inpractice,countries’splitthedifference-andpaidaheavypriceregardless.”由此可知，亚洲经济危机时期各国均陷入经济两难境地，既不能任由本国货币猛跌，也不能提高存款利率。

选项D与该说法相矛盾，故不是作者的观点。

20.答案：

C

【参考译文】作者认为那些亚洲国家如何？

【试题分析】本题为细节推理题。

【详细解答】短文第三段最后一句说“Butthepunishmentwassurelydisproportionatetothecrime,…”由此可知，作者认为那些亚洲国家遭受的惩罚过度了，故答案选C。

21.答案：

A

【参考译文】从该短文可以推知IMF的经济复苏政策如何？

【试题分析】本题为推理题。

【详细解答】虽然IMF对韩国的经济复苏起了一定作用，短文第四段却说“NevermindthatotherIMFclientshavedonefarworse,…”接着以马来西亚为例，说明IMF的政策不是万能的，故答案选A。

22.答案：

B

【参考译文】在短文的末尾，作者认为亚洲国家经济全面复苏是怎样的？

【试题分析】本题为推理题。

【详细解答】短文最后一段的最后一句说“…theyhavealongwaytogo.”即这些国家（的经济全面复苏）有很长的路要走。

故选项B“遥远的”为正确答案。

TEXTB

      Agreenandyellowparrot,whichhunginacageoutsidethedoor,keptrepeatingoverandover:

“Allezvous-en!

Allezvous-en!

Sapristi!

That’sallright!

”HecouldspeakalittleSpanish,andalsoalanguagewhichnobodyunderstood,unlessitwasthemocking-birdthathungontheothersideofthedoor,whistlinghisflutynotesoutuponthebreezewithmaddeningpersistence.

      Mr.Pontellier,unabletoreadhisnewspaperwithanydegreeofcomfort,arosewithanexpressionandanexclamationofdisgust.Hewalkeddownthegalleryandacrossthenarrow“bridges”whichconnectedtheLebruncottagesonewiththeother.Hehadbeenseatedbeforethedoorofthemainhouse.TheparrotandthemockingbirdwerethepropertyofMadameLebrun,andtheyhadtherighttomakeallthenoisetheywished.Mr.Pontellierhadtheprivilegeofquittingtheirsocietywhentheyceasedtobeentertaining.

      Hestoppedbeforethedoorofhisowncottage,whichwasthefourthonefromthemainbuildingandnexttothelast.Seatinghimselfinawickerrockerwhichwasthere,heoncemoreappliedhimselftothetaskofreadingthenewspaper.ThedaywasSunday;thepaperwasadayold.TheSundaypapershadnotyetreachedGrandIsle.Hewasalreadyacquaintedwiththemarketreports,andheglancedrestlesslyovertheeditorialsandbitsofnewswhichhehadnothadtimetoreadbeforequittingNewOrleansthedaybefore.

      Mr.Pontellierworeeye-glasses.Hewasamanofforty,ofmediumheightandratherslenderbuild;hestoopedalittle.Hishairwasbrownandstraight,partedononeside.Hisbeardwasneatlyandcloselytrimmed.

      Onceinawhilehewithdrewhisglancefromthenewspaperandlookedabouthim.Therewasmorenoisethaneveroveratthehouse.Themainbuildingwascalled“thehouse,”todistinguishitfromthecottages.Thechatteringandwhistlingbirdswerestillatit.Twoyounggirls,theFarivaltwins,wereplayingaduetfrom“Zampa”uponthepiano.MadameLebrunwasbustlinginandout,givingordersinahighkeytoayard-boywhenevershegotinsidethehouse,anddirectionsinanequallyhighvoicetoadining–roomservantwhenevershegotoutside.Shewasafresh,prettywoman,cladalwaysinwhitewithelbowsleeves.Herstarchedskirtscrinkledasshecameandwent.Fartherdown,beforeoneofthecottages,aladyinblackwaswalkingdemurelyupanddown,tellingherbeads.AgoodmanypersonsofthepensionhadgoneovertotheCheniereCaminadainBeaudelet’sluggertohearmass.Someyoungpeoplewereoutunderthewater-oaksplayingcroquet.Mr.Pontellier’stwochildrenwerethere—sturdylittlefellowsoffourandfive.Aquadroonnursefollowedthemaboutwithafaraway,meditativeair. 

      Mr.Pontellierfinallylitacigarandbegantosmoke,lettingthepaperdragidlyfromhishand.Hefixedhisgazeuponawhitesunshadethatwasadvancingatsnail’spacefromthebeach.Hecouldseeitplainlybetweenthegaunttrunksofthewater-oaksandacrossthestretchofyellowchamomile.Thegulflookedfaraway,meltinghazilyintotheblueofthehorizon.Thesunshadecontinuedtoapproachslowly.Beneathitspink-linedshelterwerehiswife,Mrs.Pontellier,andyoungRobertLebrun.Whentheyreachedthecottage,thetwoseatedthemselveswithsomeappearanceoffatigueupontheupperstepoftheporch,facingeachother,eachleaningagainstasupportingpost.

      “Whatfolly!

tobatheatsuchanhourinsuchheat!

”exclaimedMr.Pontellier.Hehimselfhadtakenaplungeatdaylight.Thatwaswhythemorningseemedlongtohim.

      “Youareburntbeyondrecognition,”headded,lookingathiswifeasonelooksatavaluablepieceofpersonalpropertywhichhassufferedsomedamage.Sheheldupherhands,strong,shapelyhands,andsurveyedthemcritically,drawingupherlawnsleevesabovethewrists.Lookingatthemremindedherofherrings,whichshehad