江苏 高考任务型阅读练习题及答案.docx

江苏 高考任务型阅读练习题及答案.docx

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江苏高考任务型阅读练习题及答案

江苏08高考任务型阅读练习

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意：

每空不超过6个单词。

1

AlistenerhaswrittenfromChinaforadviceabouthowtoloseweight.MichaelinShanghaisaysheis26andhasbattledobesityformostofhislife.

 Obesity,asevereweightproblem,isacomplexcondition.Adoctormayadvisetakingmedicinealongwithchangingone’sbehaviors.Expertssaythatthemostsuccessfulweight—lossplansincludeawell-balanceddietandexercise.

 Peoplewhowanttoavoidweightgainhavetobalancethenumberofcaloriestheyeatwiththenumberofcaloriestheyuse.Toloseweight,youcanreducethenumberofcaloriesyoutakein,increasethenumberyouuse,orboth.

 ArecentstudylookedatfourofthemostpopulardietingplansintheUS.ResearchersatStanfordUniversityinCaliforniastudiedover300overweightwomen,mostlyintheirthirtiesandforties.Eachwomanwentononeofthefourplans:

Atkins,TheZone,OrnishorLEARN.Thewomenattendeddietclassesandreceivedwritteninformationaboutthefoodplans.

 Attheendoftheyear,thewomenontheAtkinsdiethadlostthemost,morethanfourandone-halfkilogramsonaverage.Theyalsodidbetterontestsforcholesterollevelsandbloodpressure.

 ChristopherGardner,wholedthestudy,saystheAtkinsdietmaybemoresuccessfulbecauseofitssimplemessagetoeatlesssugar.Healsosaysthattheadvicetoincreaseproteininthedietleadstomoresatisfyingmeals.Hesaysthattherewasnotenoughmoneytostudymen,butthatmenwouldprobablyhavesimilarresults.

 Lastweek,anotherreportbasedonthirty-onestudiessuggestedthatonlyasmallminorityofpeoplehavelong-termsuccesswithdieting.Mostdietersregainedtheirlostweightwithinfiveyearsandoftentheybecomemoreoverweight.Butthosewhokepttheweightoffgenerallyweretheoneswhoexercised.

             Title:

 1.___________toloseweight

Doctors’advice

●:

takemedicinealongwith2._____________

Experts’3._________plans

●awell-balanceddiet:

4.________lessenergythanneeded,increasethenumberyouuse,orboth.

●5._________

FourofthemostpopulardietingplansintheUS

●Atkins:

eatlesssugarthanusualand6.________proteininthediet

●TheZone

●7.________

●LEARN.

From8.__________

●havelong-termsuccesswithdieting,otherwisemostdieterswill9._____theirlostweight

●exerciseismoreimportantthandietingfor10.______

Key:

1.Properways  2.changingone’sbehaviors 3.weight-loss 4.takein     5.exercise

 6.increase   7.Ornish  8.anotherreport              9.regain     10.losingweight

2

 Wefindthatbrightchildrenarerarelyheldbackbymixed-abilityteaching.Onthecontrary,boththeirknowledgeandexperienceareenriched.Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreaming（把…按能力分班）pupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.Itcanhaveabadeffectonboththebrightandthenot-so-brightchild.Afterall,itcanbequitediscouragingtobeatthebottomofthetopgrade!

Besides,itisratherunrealtogradepeoplejustaccordingtotheirintellectualability.Thisisonlyoneaspectfortheirtotalpersonality.

Weareconcernedtodeveloptheabilitiesofallourpupilstothefull,notjusttheiracademicability.Wealsovaluepersonalqualitiesandsocialskills,andwefindthatmixed-abilityteachingcontributestoalltheseaspectsoflearning.

Inourclassrooms,weworkinvariousways.Thepupilsoftenworkingroups:

thisgivesthemtheopportunitytolearntocooperate,toshare,andtodevelopleadershipskills.Theyalsolearnhowtocopewithpersonalproblemsaswellaslearninghowtothink,tomakedecisions,toanalyzeandevaluate,andtocommunicateeffectively.Thepupilslearnfromeachotheraswellasfromtheteacher.

Sometimesthepupilsworkinpairs;sometimestheyworkonindividualtasksandassignments,andtheycandothisattheirownspeed.Theyalsohavesomeformalclassteachingwhenthisisappropriate.Weencourageourpupilstousethelibrary,andweteachthemtheskillstheyneedinordertodothisefficiently.Anadvancedpupilcandoadvancedwork:

itdoesnotmatterwhatagethechildis.Weexpectourpupilstodotheirbest,nottheirleast,andwegivethemeveryencouragementtoattainthisgoal.

Developtheabilitiesofpupils:

●developtheirfullabilities,nottheir1.___________

 ●valuepersonalqualities

 ●2.__________

 pupils-streamedteaching（disadvantages）

3._____________teaching （advantages）

●    not4.________thefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates

●    haveabadeffectonboththebrightandthenot-so-brightchild

●    5.________thepupilswhoareatthebottomofthetopgrade

●    ratherunrealtogradepeoplejustaccordingtotheirintellectualability

●    onlyoneaspectforpupils’totalpersonality

●    6._________pupils’fullabilities.

●    givethemtheopportunitytolearntocooperate, toshare,andtodevelop7.________

●    learnhowtocopewith8.________

●    learnhowtothink,tomakedecisions,toanalyzeandevaluate,andtocommunicate9.__________.

●Thepupilslearnfromeachother10.______ fromtheteacher.

●    Theycandothisattheirownspeed

Keys:

1.academicability 2.socialskills 3.mixed-ability 4.takeintoaccount 5.discourage6.contributeto 7.leadershipskills 8.personalproblems 9.effectively 10.aswellas

3

Therearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:

oneasaproduct,theotherasaprocess.Peoplehavegenerallyviewedpersonalgrowthasanexternal（外在的）resultoraproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured．Theworkerwhogetsarise,thestudentwhosegradesimprove,theforeignerwholearnsanewlanguage—alltheseexamplesofpeoplewhohavemeasurableresultstoshowfortheirefforts．

Bycontrast（对照）,theprocessofpersonalgrowthismuchmoredifficulttodetermine,sinceitisajourneyandnotthespecificsignpostsorlandmarksalongtheway．Theprocessisnottheroaditself,buttheattitudes,feelingspeoplehave,andtheircautionorcourage,astheymeetwithnewexperiencesandunexpecteddifficulties．Inthisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends；therearealwaysnewwaystoexperiencetheworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept．

Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohaveawillingnesstotakerisks,tofacetheunknown,andtoacceptthepossibilitythattheymay“fail”atfirst．Howweseeourselvesaswetryanewwayofbeingisnecessaryforourabilitytogrow．Doweseeourselvesasquickandcurious?

Ifso,wetendtotakemorechancesandbemoreopentounfamiliarexperiences．Dowethinkwe’reshyandindecisive?

Thenoursenseoffearcancauseustohesitate,tomoveslowly,andwethinkweareslowtoadapt（适应）changeorthatwe’renotsmartenoughtodealwithanewchallenge．Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassiveroleornottryatall．

Thesefeelingsofinsecurity（不安全）andself-doubtarebothunavoidableandnecessaryifwearetochangeandgrow．Ifweprotectourselvestoomuch,thenwestopgrowing．Webecometrappedinsideashellofourownmaking．

Title1.________—ProductorProcess

Product:

easilyidentifiedand2.______   

●Theworkers4.________

●Thestudentsimprove5._________

●Theforeignerslearnsnewlanguages

Process:

●3.___________todetermine

●neverreallyends

●theattitudes,feelingspeoplehave

●6.____________

●experiencetheworld7._____________

●trynewideas

●accept8.__________

●awillingnessto9.________

●facetheunknown

●acceptthepossibilitythattheymay“fail”

●tendtotakemorechancesandbemoreopento10.___________

Keys:

1.Growth       2.measured       3.muchmoredifficult      4.getarise 5.theirgrades6.cautionorcourage   7.innewways 8.newchallenges  9.takerisks

10.unfamiliarexperiences

4

Withoutmostpeoplerealizingit,therehasbeenarevolutioninofficeworkoverthelasttenyears.Beforethattime,largecomputerswereonlyusedbylarge,richcompaniesthatcouldaffordtheinvestment.Withtheadvancementoftechnology,smallcomputershavecomeontothemarket,whicharecapableofdoingtheworkthatusedtobedonebymuchlargerandexpensivecomputers,sonowmostsmallercompaniescanusethem

     Themaindevelopmentinsmallcomputershasbeeninthefieldofwordprocessors（处理器）,orWPSastheyareoftencalled.40%ofBritishofficesarenowestimatedtohaveawordprocessorandthispercentageisgrowingfast.

      Therearemanyadvantagesinusingawordprocessorforbothsecretaryandmanager.Thesecretaryisfreedfromalotofdailywork,suchasre-typinglettersandstoringpapers.Heorshecanusethistimetodoothermoreinterestingworkfortheboss.Fromamanager’spointofview,secretarialtimeisbeingmadebetteruseofandmoneycanbesavedbydoingdailyjobsautomaticallyoutsideofficehours.

      Butisitallgood?

Ifalotofdailysecretarialworkcanbedoneautomatically,surelythiswillmeanthatfewersecretarieswillbeneeded.Anotherworryistheincreasingmedicalproblemsrelatedtoworkwithvisualdisplayunits（显示器）.Thecaseofaslowlossofsightamongpeopleusingwordprocessorsseemstohaverisengreatly.ItisalsofearedthatifawomanworksataVDUforlonghours,theunbornchildinherbodymightbekilled.SafetyscreenstoputoveraVDUhavebeeninventedbutfewcompaniesinEnglandbothertobuythem. 

      Whatevertheargumentsforandagainstwordprocessor,theyareakeyfeature（特征）ofthisrevolutioninofficepractice.

smallcomputers:

▲1._______ largerandexpensivecomputers

 ▲2._________canusethem

▲Smallcomputershasbee