版英语《高考专题辅导》专题检测卷二十三 阅读理解.docx
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版英语《高考专题辅导》专题检测卷二十三阅读理解
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专题检测卷(二十三)
阅读理解
(建议用时:
25分钟)
A
体裁
科普文
题材
地球变暖
词数
381
MoveEarth—It’sNotScienceFiction
LONDON—Scientistshavefoundanunusualwaytopreventourplanetfromoverheating:
moveittoacoolerspot.Allyouhavetodoissendafewcomets(彗星)inthedirectionofEarth,anditsorbitwillbechanged.Ourworldwillthenbesentspinningintoasafer,colderpartofthesolarsystem.
ThisideaforimprovingourclimatecomesfromagroupofUSNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)engineersandAmericanastronomers.Theysaytheirplancouldaddanothersixbillionyearstotheusefullifetimeofourplanet—effectivelydoublingitsworkinglife.
TheplanputforwardbyDr.Laughlin,andhiscolleaguesDonKorycanskyandFredAdams,needscarefullydirectingacometorasteroidsothatitpassesclosebyourplanetandsendssomeofitsgravitationalenergytoEarth.
“Earth’sorbitalspeedwouldincreaseasaresultandwewouldmovetoahigherorbitawayfromtheSun,”Laughlinsaid.
EngineerswouldthendirecttheircometsothatitpassedclosetoJupiterorSaturn.Thecometwouldpickupenergyfromoneofthesegiantplanets.LateritsorbitwouldbringitbacktoEarth,andtheprocesswouldberepeated.
Intheshortterm,theplanprovidesanidealwaytoglobalwarming,althoughtheteamwasactuallyconcernedwithamuchgreaterdanger.TheSuniscertaintoheatupinaboutabillionyearsandso“seriouslycompromise”ourbiosphere(生物圈)—bycookingus.
That’swhythegroupdecidedtotrytosaveEarth.
Theplanhasoneortwoworryingaspects,however.Forastart,spaceengineerswouldhavetobeverycarefulabouthowtheydirectedtheirasteroidorcomettowardsEarth.Thesmallestmiscalculation(误算)inorbitcouldfireitstraightatEarth—withdeadlyconsequences.
ThereisalsothequestionoftheMoon.AsthecurrentissueofScientificAmericanmagazinepointsout,ifEarthwaspushedoutofitscurrentposition,itis“mostlikelytheMoonwouldbestrippedawayfromEarth”.Thiswouldgreatlychangeourplanet’sclimate.
1.WhatmakesthescientistsplantomoveEarth?
A.AfewcometsaremovingtothedirectionofEarth.
B.Earth’sworkinglifeiscomingtoanendsoon.
C.Earthwillbecometoohotformankindtokeepalive.
D.ThemoonismovingfartherandfartherawayfromEarth.
2.Iftheplanissuccessful,Earthwillhaveaworkinglifeof years.
A.12billion B.6billion
C.18billion D.24billion
3.Whatseriousproblemsmighttheplancauseaccordingtothepassage?
A.ThecometmighthitEarthandmanmightlosetheMoon.
B.Earthmightbemovedtoofarawayandmanmightbefrozentodeath.
C.ThecometmighthitJupiterorSaturnandneverreturntoEarth.
D.Earth’sworkinglifemightbegreatlyshortened.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compromise”mean?
A.Provide.B.Benefit.
C.Share.D.Endanger.
B
(2013·扬州模拟)
体裁
记叙文
题材
梅西介绍
词数
378
EverytimeLionelMessibreaksarecord,itseemsappropriatetocomparehimtothelegendsthatcamebeforehim.
In2012,herewrotesoccerhistoryonmultipleoccasions,andhislatestrecordcamewhenhescoredhis86thgoalofthecalendaryear,breakingGerdMuller’spreviousmark,beforewrappinguptheyearwith91goals.
AllstatisticsindicatethatMessiiscurrentlythebestplayerintheworld,andthathewillgodowninhistoryasthetopfootballerofhisgeneration.Butwhenheisjudgedagainstall-timegreatslikePeleandDiegoMaradona,hestillhasworktodo.
Wedon’tknowwhethertheBarcelonastrikerwillhaveanotheryearinwhichherecordsmorethan90goals,buthemuststillsustain(维持)asimilarlevelofproductionforthenextseveralseasons.
MessihasalreadytakenpartinthreeofBarcelona’svictoriousChampionsLeague(冠军联赛)campaigns,andheplayedanimportantroleintwoofthem.Inordertofirmlyestablishhimselfasthegreatestclubfootballplayerinhistory,hemustwinthetournamentafewmoretimes.
Mostimportantly,theArgentine(阿根廷人)needstowinontheinternationalstage.RegardlessofwhatMessidoesforBarcelona,hislegacywillbeincompleteifhecannotwintheWorldCupwithArgentina.
BothPeleandMaradonaledtheircountriestothetopofinternationalsoccerduringtheircareers,andMessi’sperformancesforhiscountryhavebeenseverelydisappointing.
Whilehewasstillateenagerin2006-andhislackluster(平淡的)showingisexcusableduetohisyouth-hecannotbrushoffthedisappointmentthatcharacterizedArgentina’sperformancein2010.
Butthe4-0losstoGermanyinthe2010WorldCupQuarterFinalseemstohavesparkedMessi.Hescored12timesforArgentinalastyear,andthenextWorldCupcouldfinallybeMessi’sbreakoutperformanceinblueandwhitestripes.
Duetoallofhisaccomplishments,itiseasytoforgetthattheextraordinaryfootballerisjust25yearsold.Ifhecanavoidinjuryorlengthyslumps(低潮状态)untilhisspeedandskillsstarttodeclineduetoage,hemaycontinuetobreakrecordsandwintrophies.
5.WhatwillMessihavetodoinordertobecompleteinhissoccercareer?
A.HemustwintheWorldCupwithArgentina.
B.Hemustwinthetournamentafewmoretimes.
C.HemustdefeatPeleandMaradona.
D.Hemustavoidinjuryorlengthyslumps.
6.HowwasMessi’sperformancein2010WorldCup?
A.Excellent.
B.Inspiring.
C.Disappointing.
D.Normal.
7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Messihasfirmlyestablishedhimselfasthegreatestclubsoccerplayerinhistory.
B.MessiwilltryhisbesttowinthenextWorldCupwithArgentina.
C.Messicanavoidinjuryandlengthyslumpstobreakrecordsandwintrophies.
D.PeleandMaradonaledtheircountriestothetopofinternationalsoccerduringtheircareers.
8.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.LionelMessi,theBestSoccerPlayerofAllTime
B.LionelMessi,theGreatestSoccerPlayerinHistory
C.BarcelonaandLionelMessi
D.WorldCupandLionelMessi
C
(2013·南京模拟)
体裁
说明文
题材
旅游指南
词数
326
NOmatterwhichtouristdestinationyouvisit,chancesareyou’llseeLonelyPlanetguidebooksinthehandsoftravelers.
LonelyPlanetisoneoftheworld’slargesttravelguidebrands,publishingmorethan500differentguidesineightlanguages.Thisyearmarksthecompany’s40thanniversary.Thepopularbrandalsoproducestelevisionshows,websitesandpodcasts,alldedicatedtotravel.
SomepeoplepraiseLonelyPlanetbooksbecausetheymaketravelingeasyandaffordable.Theysaveyoutimeandkeepyoufrommissingtheverybestthingsinaplace.Andofcourse,theirreviewsofhostels,hotelsandrestaurants,inadditiontoticketinformationaboutyourdestination,areuseful.
Thiscanbegreatifyou’reanervoustraveler,orifyouhaven’ttraveledbyyourselfbefore.Ifyou’reinacountrywhereyoudon’tspeakthelanguage,sometimesthere’snothingbetterthangettingintoataxiandopeningupaguidebook.Yousimplypointtoamap,directingthetaxidrivertoahostelthat’scheapandclean,withfriendlystaffandcoldbeer.
ButotherscriticizeLonelyPlanetandothertravelguidepublishers.Theysayguidebookstakethefunandspontaneity(自发性)outoftraveling,andthatpartoftheenjoymentoftravelcomesfromthefactthatanythingcanhappen.Theyalsolament(哀叹)thatifyoufollowaguidebook,you’llendupdoingthesamethingsandhavingthesameexperiencesaseveryoneelse.Youmightendupseeingthesamegroupofpeopleoverandover,becauseeveryoneisreadingthesamebookandfollowingthesametrail.
Anothercriticismoftravelguidesisthattheyhaveanoverly(过度的)largeinfluenceonlocalcommunities.Forexample,somelocalsdedicatetheirlivessolely(仅仅)tobehavinginwaysthatattracttourists.Theyfakeatraditionallifestyle,weartraditionalclothesandliveintraditionalhousesjusttoattracttourists’dollars.
9.TheLonelyPlanetguidebookcanbringyouthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPTthat .
A.itcanhelpyoutosavetimeandmoneywhentraveling
B.youwillnotmissthebestthingswithouthavingtomakechoices
C.itprovidesalotofusefulinformationaboutyourdestination
D.youcaneasilyfindaniceplacetostayinastrangecity
10.WhowillfindaLonelyPlanetguidebookveryuseful?
A.Someonewhoalwaystakesataxiwhentraveling.
B.Atouristwholikestorepeatothers’experiences.
C.Apersonwho’snervoustouringanunfamiliarplace.
D.Anativetravelerwhoistravelingalone.
11.Peoplecriticizetheguidebookbecause .
A.theguidebookisnotasusefulasmosttravelersexpect
B.travelersusingitwillbeboredwithmeetingthesamepeopleontheirjourney
C.travelersusingitmaynotgetthechancetohaveunexpectedadventures
D.localpeoplekeeptheiroldlifestyleundertheguidebook’sinfluence
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fake”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
A.mistake B.learn C.pretend D.create
【拓展训练】
根据阅读理解A篇,完成下列问题。
Ⅰ.从文中找出以下短语并写出它们的意义
1.inthedirectionof
2.putforward
3.asaresult
4.pickup
5.pointout
Ⅱ.翻译并仿写下列句子
1.AllyouhavetodoissendafewcometsinthedirectionofEarth,anditsorbitwillbechanged.
翻译:
仿写:
学生所要做的一切就是努力学习,那样他们就会在将来有所建树。
2.TheSuniscertaintoheatupinaboutabillionyearsandso“seriouslycompromise”ourbiosphere—bycookingus.
翻译:
仿写:
抽烟对你的健康一定有害处。
答案解析
【文章大意】科学家们找到了一种非同寻常的阻止地球过热的方法。
1.【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
文章首句说科学家们找到了一种非同寻常的办法防止地球过热,第六段又提供了解决地球变暖问题的理想办法,但科学家们真正关心的是更大的危险:
大约十亿年以后太阳肯定会更炙热,以至于将人类化为灰烬。
2.【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段末句可知答案。
注意关键词语:
anothers