论语汉英对照100句双译本.docx
《论语汉英对照100句双译本.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《论语汉英对照100句双译本.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
论语汉英对照100句双译本
论语汉英对照100句(双译本)
JamesLegge
CharlesMuller翻译
英文翻译不能完全传达经典内涵,引用时请加以注意。
1、学而时习之,不亦说乎?
有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?
人不知,而不愠,不亦君子乎?
TheMastersaid,'Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?
Isitnotdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromdistantquarters?
Ishenotamanofcompletevirtue,whofeelsnodiscomposurethoughmenmaytakenonoteofhim?
'
Isn'titapleasuretostudyandpracticewhatyouhavelearned?
Isn'titalsogreatwhenfriendsvisitfromdistantplaces?
Ifpeopledonotrecognizemeanditdoesn'tbotherme,amInotaSuperiorMan?
2、巧言令色,鲜矣仁!
Finewordsandaninsinuatingappearanceareseldomassociatedwithtruevirtue.
Someonewhoisacleverspeakerandmaintainsa'too-smiley'faceisseldomconsideredahumaneperson.
3、曾子曰:
“吾日三省吾身,为人谋而不忠乎?
与朋友交而不信乎?
传不习乎?
”
ThephilosopherTsangsaid,'Idailyexaminemyselfonthreepoints:
--whether,intransactingbusinessforothers,Imayhavebeennotfaithful;--whether,inintercoursewithfriends,Imayhavebeennotsincere;--whetherImayhavenotmasteredandpractisedtheinstructionsofmyteacher.'
EachdayIexaminemyselfinthreeways:
indoingthingsforothers,haveIbeendisloyal?
Inmyinteractionswithfriends,haveIbeenuntrustworthy?
HavenotpracticedwhatIhavepreached?
"
4、弟子入则孝,出则悌,谨而信,泛爱众,而亲仁。
行有余力,则以学文。
TheMastersaid,'Ayouth,whenathome,shouldbefilial,and,abroad,respectfultohiselders.Heshouldbeearnestandtruthful.Heshouldoverflowinlovetoall,andcultivatethefriendshipofthegood.Whenhehastimeandopportunity,aftertheperformanceofthesethings,heshouldemploytheminpolitestudies.'
Ayoungmanshouldservehisparentsathomeandberespectfultoeldersoutsidehishome.Heshouldbeearnestandtruthful,lovingall,butbecomeintimatewithhumaneness.Afterdoingthis,ifhehasenergytospare,hecanstudyliteratureandthearts.
5、子夏曰:
“贤贤易色;事父母,能竭其力,事君,能致其身;与朋友交,言而有信。
虽曰未学,吾必谓之学矣。
”
Tsze-hsiasaid,'Ifamanwithdrawshismindfromtheloveofbeauty,andappliesitassincerelytotheloveofthevirtuous;if,inservinghisparents,hecanexerthisutmoststrength;if,inservinghisprince,hecandevotehislife;if,inhisintercoursewithhisfriends,hiswordsaresincere:
--althoughmensaythathehasnotlearned,Iwillcertainlysaythathehas.
Ifyoucantreattheworthyasworthywithoutstrain,exertyourutmostinservingyourparents,devoteyourwholeselfinservingyourprince,andbehonestinspeechwhendealingwithyourfriends.Thenevenifsomeonesaysyouarenotlearned(hsüeh),Iwouldsaythatyouaredefinitelylearned.
6、君子不重,则不威。
学则不固。
主忠信。
无友不知己者。
过则勿惮改。
TheMastersaid,'Ifthescholarbenotgrave,hewillnotcallforthanyveneration,andhislearningwillnotbesolid.'Holdfaithfulnessandsincerityasfirstprinciples.'Havenofriendsnotequaltoyourself.'Whenyouhavefaults,donotfeartoabandonthem.'
IftheSuperiorManisnot'heavy,'thenhewillnotinspireaweinothers.Ifheisnotlearned,thenhewillnotbeonfirmground.Hetakesloyaltyandgoodfaithtobeofprimaryimportance,andhasnofriendswhoarenotofequal(moral)caliber.Whenhemakesamistake,hedoesn'thesitatetocorrectit.
7、君子食无求饱,居无求安,敏于事而慎于言,就有道而正焉,可谓好学也已。
Hewhoaimstobeamanofcompletevirtueinhisfooddoesnotseektogratifyhisappetite,norinhisdwellingplacedoesheseektheappliancesofease;heisearnestinwhatheisdoing,andcarefulinhisspeech;hefrequentsthecompanyofmenofprinciplethathemayberectified:
--suchapersonmaybesaidindeedtolovetolearn.'
WhentheSuperiorManeatshedoesnottrytostuffhimself;atresthedoesnotseekperfectcomfort;heisdiligentinhisworkandcarefulinspeech.HeavailshimselftopeopleoftheTaoandtherebycorrectshimself.Thisisthekindofpersonofwhomyoucansay,'heloveslearning.'
8、子贡曰:
“贫而无谄,富而无骄,何如?
”子曰:
“可也。
未若贫而乐,富而好礼者也。
”
Tsze-kungsaid,'Whatdoyoupronounceconcerningthepoormanwhoyetdoesnotflatter,andtherichmanwhoisnotproud?
'TheMasterreplied,'Theywilldo;buttheyarenotequaltohim,who,thoughpoor,isyetcheerful,andtohim,who,thoughrich,lovestherulesofpropriety.'
TzuKungasked:
"Whatdoyouthinkofapoormanwhodoesn'tgrovelorarichmanwhoisn'tproud?
"Confuciussaid,"Theyaregood,butnotasgoodasapoormanwhoissatisfiedandarichmanwholovespropriety."
9、不患人之不己知,患不知人也。
Iwillnotbeafflictedatmen'snotknowingme;IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen.
IamnotbotheredbythefactthatIamunknown.IambotheredwhenIdonotknowothers."
10、为政以德,譬如北辰,居其所而众星共之。
Hewhoexercisesgovernmentbymeansofhisvirtuemaybecomparedtothenorthpolarstar,whichkeepsitsplaceandallthestarsturntowardsit.
Ifyougovernwiththepowerofyourvirtue,youwillbeliketheNorthStar.Itjuststaysinitsplacewhilealltheotherstarspositionthemselvesaroundit.
11、道之以政,齐之以刑,民免而无耻。
道之以德,齐之以礼,有耻且格。
Ifthepeoplebeledbylaws,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembypunishments,
theywilltrytoavoidthepunishment,buthavenosenseofshame.'Iftheybeledbyvirtue,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembytherulesofpropriety,theywillhavethesenseofshame,andmoreoverwillbecomegood.'
Ifyougovernthepeoplelegalisticallyandcontrolthembypunishment,theywillavoidcrime,buthavenopersonalsenseofshame.Ifyougovernthembymeansofvirtueandcontrolthemwithpropriety,theywillgaintheirownsenseofshame,andthuscorrectthemselves.
12、子曰:
“吾十有五而志于学,三十而立,四十而不惑,五十而知天命,六十而耳顺,七十而从心所欲,不逾矩。
”
TheMastersaid,Atfifteen,Ihadmymindbentonlearning.Atthirty,Istoodfirm.Atforty,Ihadnodoubts.Atfifty,IknewthedecreesofHeaven.Atsixty,myearwasanobedientorganforthereceptionoftruth.Atseventy,Icouldfollowwhatmyheartdesired,withouttransgressingwhatwasright.'
Atfifteenmyheartwassetonlearning;atthirtyIstoodfirm;atfortyIhadnomoredoubts;atfiftyIknewthemandateofheaven;atsixtymyearwasobedient;atseventyIcouldfollowmyheart'sdesirewithouttransgressingthenorm.
13、温故而知新,可以为师矣。
Ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringnew,hemaybeateacherofothers.
Reviewingwhatyouhavelearnedandlearninganew,youarefittobeateacher.
14、君子不器。
Theaccomplishedscholarisnotautensil.
TheSuperiorManisnotautensil.
15、子贡问君子。
子曰:
“先行其言,而后从之。
”
Tsze-kungaskedwhatconstitutedthesuperiorman.TheMastersaid,'Heactsbeforehespeaks,andafterwardsspeaksaccordingtohisactions.
TzuKungaskedaboutthecharacteroftheSuperiorMan.Confuciussaid,"Firsthepracticeswhathepreachesandthenhefollowsit."
16、学而不思,则罔;思而不学,则殆。
Learningwithoutthoughtislabourlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous.
Tostudyandnotthinkisawaste.Tothinkandnotstudyisdangerous.
17、知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也!
Whenyouknowathing,toholdthatyouknowit;andwhenyoudonotknowathing,toallowthatyoudonotknowit.--thisisknowledge.
Whatyouknow,youknow,whatyoudon'tknow,youdon'tknow.Thisisknowledge.
18、人而无信,不知其可也。
大车无輗,小车无軏,其何以行之哉?
Idonotknowhowamanwithouttruthfulnessistogeton.Howcanalargecarriagebemadetogowithoutthecross-barforyokingtheoxento,orasmallcarriagewithoutthearrangementforyokingthehorses?
'
Ifapersonlackstrustworthiness,Idon'tknowwhats/hecanbegoodfor.Whenapinismissingfromtheyoke-barofalargewagon,orfromthecollar-barofasmallwagon,howcanitgo?
19、林放问礼之本。
子曰:
“大哉问!
礼,与其奢也,宁俭;丧,与其易也,宁戚。
”
LinFangaskedwhatwasthefirstthingtobeattendedtoinceremonies.TheMastersaid,'Agreatquestionindeed!
Infestiveceremonies,itisbettertobesparingthanextravagant.Intheceremoniesofmourning,itisbetterthattherebedeepsorrowthanaminuteattentiontoobservances.
LinFangaskedaboutthefundamentalsofritual.Confuciussaid,"Whatanexcellentquestion!
Inritual,itisbettertobefrugalthanextravagant;infuneralsdeepsorrowisbetterthanease."
20、获罪于天,无所祷也。
HewhooffendsagainstHeavenhasnonetowhomhecanpray.
Notso.IfyouoffendHeaven,thereisnooneyoucanprayto.
21、朝闻道,夕死可矣。
Ifamaninthemorningheartherightway,hemaydieintheeveningwithoutregret.
IfIcanheartheTaointhemorning,intheeveningIcandiecontent.
22、君子怀德、小人怀土、君子怀刑、小人怀惠。
Thesuperiormanthinksofvirtue;thesmallmanthinksofcomfort.Thesuperiormanthinksofthesanctionsoflaw;thesmallmanthinksoffavourswhichhemayreceive.
TheSuperiorMancaresaboutvirtue;theinferiormancaresaboutmaterialthings.TheSuperiorManseeksdiscipline;theinferiormanseeksfavors.
23、不患无位,患所以立;不患莫己知,求为可知也。
Amanshouldsay,IamnotconcernedthatIhavenoplace,IamconcernedhowImayfitmyselfforone.IamnotconcernedthatIamnotknown,Iseektobeworthytobeknown.
Idon'tworryabutnothavingagoodposition;IworryaboutthemeansIusetogainposition.Idon'tworryaboutbeingunknown;Iseektobeknownintherightway.
24、君子喻于义,小人喻于利。
Themindofthesuperiormanisconversantwithrighteousness;themindofthemeanmanisconversantwithgain.
TheSuperiorManisawareofRightness,theinferiormanisawareofadvantage.
25、见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。
Whenweseemenofworth,weshouldthinkofequallingthem;whenweseemenofacontrarycharacter,weshouldturninwardsandexamineourselves.
Whenyouseeagoodperson,thinkofbecominglikeher/him.Whenyouseesomeonenotsogood,reflectonyourownweakpoints.
26、君子欲讷于言而敏于行。
Thesuperiormanwishestobeslowinhisspeechand