论语汉英对照100句双译本.docx

论语汉英对照100句双译本.docx

《论语汉英对照100句双译本.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《论语汉英对照100句双译本.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

论语汉英对照100句双译本

论语汉英对照100句（双译本）

JamesLegge

CharlesMuller翻译

英文翻译不能完全传达经典内涵，引用时请加以注意。

１、学而时习之，不亦说乎？

有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

人不知，而不愠，不亦君子乎？

TheMastersaid,'Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?

Isitnotdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromdistantquarters?

Ishenotamanofcompletevirtue,whofeelsnodiscomposurethoughmenmaytakenonoteofhim?

'

Isn'titapleasuretostudyandpracticewhatyouhavelearned?

Isn'titalsogreatwhenfriendsvisitfromdistantplaces?

Ifpeopledonotrecognizemeanditdoesn'tbotherme,amInotaSuperiorMan?

２、巧言令色，鲜矣仁！

Finewordsandaninsinuatingappearanceareseldomassociatedwithtruevirtue.

Someonewhoisacleverspeakerandmaintainsa'too-smiley'faceisseldomconsideredahumaneperson.

３、曾子曰：

“吾日三省吾身,为人谋而不忠乎？

与朋友交而不信乎？

传不习乎？

”

ThephilosopherTsangsaid,'Idailyexaminemyselfonthreepoints:

--whether,intransactingbusinessforothers,Imayhavebeennotfaithful;--whether,inintercoursewithfriends,Imayhavebeennotsincere;--whetherImayhavenotmasteredandpractisedtheinstructionsofmyteacher.'

EachdayIexaminemyselfinthreeways:

indoingthingsforothers,haveIbeendisloyal?

Inmyinteractionswithfriends,haveIbeenuntrustworthy?

HavenotpracticedwhatIhavepreached?

"

４、弟子入则孝，出则悌，谨而信，泛爱众，而亲仁。

行有余力，则以学文。

TheMastersaid,'Ayouth,whenathome,shouldbefilial,and,abroad,respectfultohiselders.Heshouldbeearnestandtruthful.Heshouldoverflowinlovetoall,andcultivatethefriendshipofthegood.Whenhehastimeandopportunity,aftertheperformanceofthesethings,heshouldemploytheminpolitestudies.'

Ayoungmanshouldservehisparentsathomeandberespectfultoeldersoutsidehishome.Heshouldbeearnestandtruthful,lovingall,butbecomeintimatewithhumaneness.Afterdoingthis,ifhehasenergytospare,hecanstudyliteratureandthearts.

５、子夏曰：

“贤贤易色；事父母，能竭其力，事君，能致其身；与朋友交，言而有信。

虽曰未学，吾必谓之学矣。

”

Tsze-hsiasaid,'Ifamanwithdrawshismindfromtheloveofbeauty,andappliesitassincerelytotheloveofthevirtuous;if,inservinghisparents,hecanexerthisutmoststrength;if,inservinghisprince,hecandevotehislife;if,inhisintercoursewithhisfriends,hiswordsaresincere:

--althoughmensaythathehasnotlearned,Iwillcertainlysaythathehas.

Ifyoucantreattheworthyasworthywithoutstrain,exertyourutmostinservingyourparents,devoteyourwholeselfinservingyourprince,andbehonestinspeechwhendealingwithyourfriends.Thenevenifsomeonesaysyouarenotlearned（hsüeh）,Iwouldsaythatyouaredefinitelylearned.

６、君子不重，则不威。

学则不固。

主忠信。

无友不知己者。

过则勿惮改。

TheMastersaid,'Ifthescholarbenotgrave,hewillnotcallforthanyveneration,andhislearningwillnotbesolid.'Holdfaithfulnessandsincerityasfirstprinciples.'Havenofriendsnotequaltoyourself.'Whenyouhavefaults,donotfeartoabandonthem.'

IftheSuperiorManisnot'heavy,'thenhewillnotinspireaweinothers.Ifheisnotlearned,thenhewillnotbeonfirmground.Hetakesloyaltyandgoodfaithtobeofprimaryimportance,andhasnofriendswhoarenotofequal（moral）caliber.Whenhemakesamistake,hedoesn'thesitatetocorrectit.

７、君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。

Hewhoaimstobeamanofcompletevirtueinhisfooddoesnotseektogratifyhisappetite,norinhisdwellingplacedoesheseektheappliancesofease;heisearnestinwhatheisdoing,andcarefulinhisspeech;hefrequentsthecompanyofmenofprinciplethathemayberectified:

--suchapersonmaybesaidindeedtolovetolearn.'

WhentheSuperiorManeatshedoesnottrytostuffhimself;atresthedoesnotseekperfectcomfort;heisdiligentinhisworkandcarefulinspeech.HeavailshimselftopeopleoftheTaoandtherebycorrectshimself.Thisisthekindofpersonofwhomyoucansay,'heloveslearning.'

８、子贡曰：

“贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如？

”子曰：

“可也。

未若贫而乐，富而好礼者也。

”

Tsze-kungsaid,'Whatdoyoupronounceconcerningthepoormanwhoyetdoesnotflatter,andtherichmanwhoisnotproud?

'TheMasterreplied,'Theywilldo;buttheyarenotequaltohim,who,thoughpoor,isyetcheerful,andtohim,who,thoughrich,lovestherulesofpropriety.'

TzuKungasked:

"Whatdoyouthinkofapoormanwhodoesn'tgrovelorarichmanwhoisn'tproud?

"Confuciussaid,"Theyaregood,butnotasgoodasapoormanwhoissatisfiedandarichmanwholovespropriety."

９、不患人之不己知，患不知人也。

Iwillnotbeafflictedatmen'snotknowingme;IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen.

IamnotbotheredbythefactthatIamunknown.IambotheredwhenIdonotknowothers."

１０、为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星共之。

Hewhoexercisesgovernmentbymeansofhisvirtuemaybecomparedtothenorthpolarstar,whichkeepsitsplaceandallthestarsturntowardsit.

Ifyougovernwiththepowerofyourvirtue,youwillbeliketheNorthStar.Itjuststaysinitsplacewhilealltheotherstarspositionthemselvesaroundit.

１１、道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻。

道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。

Ifthepeoplebeledbylaws,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembypunishments,

theywilltrytoavoidthepunishment,buthavenosenseofshame.'Iftheybeledbyvirtue,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembytherulesofpropriety,theywillhavethesenseofshame,andmoreoverwillbecomegood.'

Ifyougovernthepeoplelegalisticallyandcontrolthembypunishment,theywillavoidcrime,buthavenopersonalsenseofshame.Ifyougovernthembymeansofvirtueandcontrolthemwithpropriety,theywillgaintheirownsenseofshame,andthuscorrectthemselves.

１２、子曰：

“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。

”

TheMastersaid,Atfifteen,Ihadmymindbentonlearning.Atthirty,Istoodfirm.Atforty,Ihadnodoubts.Atfifty,IknewthedecreesofHeaven.Atsixty,myearwasanobedientorganforthereceptionoftruth.Atseventy,Icouldfollowwhatmyheartdesired,withouttransgressingwhatwasright.'

Atfifteenmyheartwassetonlearning;atthirtyIstoodfirm;atfortyIhadnomoredoubts;atfiftyIknewthemandateofheaven;atsixtymyearwasobedient;atseventyIcouldfollowmyheart'sdesirewithouttransgressingthenorm.

１３、温故而知新，可以为师矣。

Ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringnew,hemaybeateacherofothers.

Reviewingwhatyouhavelearnedandlearninganew,youarefittobeateacher.

１４、君子不器。

Theaccomplishedscholarisnotautensil.

TheSuperiorManisnotautensil.

１５、子贡问君子。

子曰：

“先行其言，而后从之。

”

Tsze-kungaskedwhatconstitutedthesuperiorman.TheMastersaid,'Heactsbeforehespeaks,andafterwardsspeaksaccordingtohisactions.

TzuKungaskedaboutthecharacteroftheSuperiorMan.Confuciussaid,"Firsthepracticeswhathepreachesandthenhefollowsit."

１６、学而不思，则罔；思而不学，则殆。

Learningwithoutthoughtislabourlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous.

Tostudyandnotthinkisawaste.Tothinkandnotstudyisdangerous.

１７、知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也！

Whenyouknowathing,toholdthatyouknowit;andwhenyoudonotknowathing,toallowthatyoudonotknowit.--thisisknowledge.

Whatyouknow,youknow,whatyoudon'tknow,youdon'tknow.Thisisknowledge.

１８、人而无信，不知其可也。

大车无輗，小车无軏，其何以行之哉？

Idonotknowhowamanwithouttruthfulnessistogeton.Howcanalargecarriagebemadetogowithoutthecross-barforyokingtheoxento,orasmallcarriagewithoutthearrangementforyokingthehorses?

'

Ifapersonlackstrustworthiness,Idon'tknowwhats/hecanbegoodfor.Whenapinismissingfromtheyoke-barofalargewagon,orfromthecollar-barofasmallwagon,howcanitgo?

１９、林放问礼之本。

子曰：

“大哉问！

礼，与其奢也，宁俭；丧，与其易也，宁戚。

”

LinFangaskedwhatwasthefirstthingtobeattendedtoinceremonies.TheMastersaid,'Agreatquestionindeed!

Infestiveceremonies,itisbettertobesparingthanextravagant.Intheceremoniesofmourning,itisbetterthattherebedeepsorrowthanaminuteattentiontoobservances.

LinFangaskedaboutthefundamentalsofritual.Confuciussaid,"Whatanexcellentquestion!

Inritual,itisbettertobefrugalthanextravagant;infuneralsdeepsorrowisbetterthanease."

２０、获罪于天，无所祷也。

HewhooffendsagainstHeavenhasnonetowhomhecanpray.

Notso.IfyouoffendHeaven,thereisnooneyoucanprayto.

２１、朝闻道，夕死可矣。

Ifamaninthemorningheartherightway,hemaydieintheeveningwithoutregret.

IfIcanheartheTaointhemorning,intheeveningIcandiecontent.

２２、君子怀德、小人怀土、君子怀刑、小人怀惠。

Thesuperiormanthinksofvirtue;thesmallmanthinksofcomfort.Thesuperiormanthinksofthesanctionsoflaw;thesmallmanthinksoffavourswhichhemayreceive.

TheSuperiorMancaresaboutvirtue;theinferiormancaresaboutmaterialthings.TheSuperiorManseeksdiscipline;theinferiormanseeksfavors.

２３、不患无位，患所以立；不患莫己知，求为可知也。

Amanshouldsay,IamnotconcernedthatIhavenoplace,IamconcernedhowImayfitmyselfforone.IamnotconcernedthatIamnotknown,Iseektobeworthytobeknown.

Idon'tworryabutnothavingagoodposition;IworryaboutthemeansIusetogainposition.Idon'tworryaboutbeingunknown;Iseektobeknownintherightway.

２４、君子喻于义，小人喻于利。

Themindofthesuperiormanisconversantwithrighteousness;themindofthemeanmanisconversantwithgain.

TheSuperiorManisawareofRightness,theinferiormanisawareofadvantage.

２５、见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。

Whenweseemenofworth,weshouldthinkofequallingthem;whenweseemenofacontrarycharacter,weshouldturninwardsandexamineourselves.

Whenyouseeagoodperson,thinkofbecominglikeher/him.Whenyouseesomeonenotsogood,reflectonyourownweakpoints.

２６、君子欲讷于言而敏于行。

Thesuperiormanwishestobeslowinhisspeechand