托福最最新写作.docx
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托福最最新写作
托福教案
原则:
1尽量用中文思考好,提纲;提纲乃精华,需要稀释。
2大方向定了之后,应该有2-3点小观点来支撑。
各小观点间不应有交集;小论点则是中心句;忍住“,+because”的冲动。
3,Draft草稿,300字以上即可接受
4,简单清晰;imagination>translation;
大学生毕业之后有很大的就业压力和很大的无奈
Aftergraduation,collegestudentshavealotofemploymentpressureanddespair.
Everyyear,thousandsandthousandsofcollegestudentsleaveschoolandfloodintothemarekts.Theystandinlonglinesandfighteachotherforasmalljob.Mostofthemhavenoluck.Fortheluckyones,theyonlyget800yuanamonth,whichisnotenoughforabasiclifeinthecities.
人们饱受污染之痛
Peoplesufferterriblyfrompollution.
Peopledirkdirtywater,coughindirtyairandeatpoisonousfood.Theyaretroubledwithonediseaseoranother.theycryandstruggleunderthegreysky.
VSPeopledrinkdirtywaterandcoughindirtyair.Theyaretroubledwithonediseaseoranother.Theycryandstruggleunderthegreysky.
如今人们普遍虐待动物abuseanimals
Today,peoplegenerallyabuseanimals.
Today,weoftenseecold-bloodedpeoplethrowcatsoutofwindows,kickdogsinstreets,andrunafterpoorpetswithahugestickinhand.
Nowadays,weoftenseeold,sick,lonelyanddisableddogs,cats,pigsandevenchickenswanderinthestreets,hideindarkcornersandeatindirtydustbins.Theylookathumansfromadistancewithascaredheart.
扣题(A&D:
peopleshouldbuyproductsmadeintheirowncountries,evenifthepriceishigherthaninothercountries)
连贯
1,关联词
于是,结果就是thus,sothat,asaresult,consequently,therefore,accordingly;
另外inaddition,besides,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,foronething,foranother
2,定语从句
那个生产多过消费的群体
Thatgroupwheretheproductionismorethantheconsumption.
IstillrememberthewinterdaywhenIhadyourhandinmine.
词汇(用平,用小,用活,3-4级左右)
语法:
定语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,状语从句
状语从句和主句最好做到一对一
如果去西方国家读书,那么可以接受更好的教育,因为那里的学校,教师和知识都更好(下句不妥)
Ifonegoestothewesterncountriestostudy,heislikelytogetbettereducation,becausetherearebetteruniversities,professorsandmoreadvancedknowledge.
逻辑主谓要一致
如果没有健康,那么什么都没有意义
Ifwithouthealth,thennothingismeaningful.
作为学生,学习是最大任务
“有”+百分比的时候要注意
有80%的城市家庭养宠物
80%ofthecityfamilieskeepapet
人称用第三人称,不要用第一和第二人称。
标点符号
逗号,
用在两个并列成分间通常为连贯词and,倘若两个成分比较长(每个成分有定语从句),或者每个成分中间已经出现了and,则可以在主要的连接词and前面加入逗号;在介词词组“fromAtoB”这样的结构中,以上方法同效
新时期的绝望mad/crazy/helpless主妇们包括include那些必须全职工作为支付柴米油盐的以及那些花尽心思挽留丈夫的.
Today,thehelplesshousewivesincludethosewhohavetoworksevendaysaweektopaythelivingcostofthefamily,andthosewhodoeverythingtokeeptheirhusbands.
这是形形色色的一群人,从坐飞机的职业经理人到坐高铁的白领到普通大众,他们匆忙回家,不管方式如何:
可以坐火车,汽车,摩托车乃至步行。
Thisisagroupofpeople,fromthemanagerswhotravelbyplane,totheofficepeoplewhotravelbyhigh-speedtrain,andtothecommonpeoplewhohurrybackhomebyallmeans----bybus,train,mortorbikeorevenonfoot.
这一理论theory/conclusion在两大例子中得到充分的体现obviousin,在巴西brazil高的文盲率illiteracyrate和糟糕的报纸销售量newspapersale成正比match;在阿根廷argentina,低的文盲率和高的报纸销售量成正比
ThistheoryisquiteclearintwoexamplesofBrazil,wherethehighilliteracyratematchesthepoornewspapersale,andArgentina,wherethelowilliteracyratematchesthegoodnewspapersale.
山秃了,水脏了,空气毒了,人民病了
Themountainsarebald,thewaterdirty,theairpoisonousandthepeoplesick
有了法律从旁监督,那么我们的政府是清廉的,我们的官员是诚实的,邪恶势力是虚弱的,人民群众是满意的
Withthelawstandingby,thegovernmentsareclean,theofficialshonest,theevilforcesweakandthepeoplesatisfied.
Somemoviesdealwiththefuturefantasies,somewiththereallife,andsomewithfunnyandsillysituations.
书名号:
化作一句古话
中国有句古话说的好:
ThereisanoldChinesesayingwhichgoesthat----
AccordingtoanoldChinesesaying,----
AnoldChinesesayinggoesthat---
两情若是长久时,又岂在朝朝暮暮。
Trueloveisnotafraidoftimeanddistance.
海内存知己,天涯若比邻
Distanceseparatesnotruelovers/friends
患难之间见真情afriendinneedisafriendindeed.
君子之交淡若水noblefriendsshouldkeepeachotheratadistance。
三岁看老one’schildhooddetermineshisadulthood.
不打不成器sparetherod,spoilthekid.
Traditionalwisdom/thinkinggoesthat传统上我们认为---
当地有个传说说,一条白蛇化作女人,嫁了男人,生了娃
Alocalsotrygoesthatawhitesnaketransformedintoabeauty,marriedamanandhadababy.
→Peopleofdiferentpersonalitiesandinterestscan’tbegoodfriends.
常用因果关系表述法
较好的副词:
asaresult,hence,consequently因此
常用介词:
dueto(中性),owingto(中性),thanksto(褒义),becauseof(中性)
常用动词:
(主语是物体,事件,不能是人)resultin/from,leadto,bringabout,giveriseto(导致),contributeto导致(中性),
Onecarelessstepleadstoahugedisaster.一着不慎,满盘皆输
oneminormistakeleadstoamajordisaster
beresponsiblefor(中性,主语可能是人、物体,事件),blame---on将---归罪到---头上(主语肯定是人)
manyofthelocalsblamethesocialproblemsontheoutsiders/aliens
常用句型:
Thereasonsforsuchaconcernmayinvolvethefactthat这样的担心的理由有很多,包括----
Acoupleoffactors/causesmighthavecontributedtothisphenomenon/problem该现象的发生,背后有一些列原因
增加数字的方法:
1,用事实说话,以facts/figures论证。
researchfindingsindicate/reveal/suggest/show研究结果显示=researchfinds
研究结果显示这个国家女性和少数民族占到了劳动力的很大部分
Researchfindingsshowthatalargepercentageoftheworkforcearewomenandminorities
结论,accordingtoarecentsurvey/accordingtothe1999census/data/statistics根据最近的一个调查-----
数据都是政府的
Accordingtothedatareleasedbythelocalgovernment,---当地政府发布的数据;
Accordingtothesurveyconductedbythemunicipalgovernment,---当地政府所做的调查;
Accordingtothestatisticsfromtherelatedauthorities,---有关单位的统计资料;
2)例子,故事,贴近生活(朋友,邻居,自己家)
2使用例证
常用例证表达:
Forexample/forinstance譬如+一个例子(句子)
Such+as至少两个例子(名词)
Acaseinpointis-----///----isatypicalcaseinpoint.----是一个典型的例子
WhetheritbeAorBorC-----不管是----
Forproof,looknofurtherthan----要找例子很简单,---就是典型的
Similarexamplesaresimplymany/numerous类似的例子很多
Similarexamplessimplyabound类似的例子举不胜举
SuccessfulexamplesincludeA,B,andC成功的例子包括---
大自然在发威,海啸就是一个典型的例子
Thenatureistakingitsrevenge/becomingangry.Tsunamiisatypicalcaseinpoint.
海豚对一切活的东西都感兴趣,不管是鸟类还是兽类
Dolphinsareinterestedineverythingthatisalive,whetheritbebirdorbeast
(thefursandfeathers飞禽走兽)birdsofonefeatherflocktogether
虽然有人认为他们有权利选择健康还是享受。
但是个人认为吸烟应该被彻底禁止,不管是在公开场所还是办公场所
Thoughsomemayarguethattheyhavetherighttochoosebetweenhealthandenjoyment,Itendtobelievethatsmokingshouldbebannedinanyplace,whetheritbeinthepublicfacilities/placesortheofficefacilities/places.
我们今天的生活无比美好,远远超过了父辈fathergeneration们的想象imagination。
要找例子只要看看今日的饮食就可以了。
无论是从品种还是营养度上,以往的饮食都无法和今日的饮食相比较compare
Ourlifeisverybeautifultoday,whichisbeyondtheimaginationofthefathers.Forproof,looknofurtherthanthefoodoftoday.Ineed,thefoodofyesterdaycantcomparewiththatoftoday,notonlyinquantity,butalsoinquality.
Ourlifeisbetterthanourfatherscouldeverimagine.Forproof,looknofurtherthanthefoodoftoday.Ineed,thefoodofyesterdaycantcomparewiththatoftoday,notonlyinquantity,butalsoinquality.
无论从数量还是质量的角度来说,中国的大学都无法和西方的大学比较
Chineseuniversitiescantcompare/competewith///rivalwesternuniversities,notonlyinquantitybutalsoinquality.
大的框架结构
1,一管到底
Pressureresultsfromaseriesoffactors
FromA
FromB
FromC
衡量一个国家成功与否的标准有哪些
Acountry’ssuccessisbasedonaseriesoffactors.
Ontheeconomicdevelopment.
Onthelivingstandardofthepeople.(thegapbetweentherichandthepoor=theincomegap)
Onthelawsystem.Withthelawsystemstandingby,thegovenrmentisclean,theofficialshonest,theevilforcesweakandthepeoplesatisfied.
Ontheenvironmentalprotection.(山秃了,水脏了,空气毒了。
人们咳,喘着,在疾病中挣扎着themountainsarebald,thewaterdirty,andtheairpoisonous.Peoplecough,chokeandmoan.Theyaretroubledbydiseasesofthiskindorthatkind.)
peoplewillbeconsumedbydeathbeforetheycanconsumetheeconomicfruits)
Ontheeducationalsystem.(produceforthesocietyusefulpeople,provideitspeoplewitheuqaleducationopportunities,andatrractsmartpeoplefromothercountries)
2,主系表倒装
TheUSAisamongthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.
Followingcloselybehindis----
Whyinthedevelopingcountries,people’slifeexpectancyisincreasingandinfantmortalityisdecreasing?
诸多因素之一就是生活水平的提高amongthefavorablefactorsistheimprovementofpeople’slivingstandard.(feedandclothethemselveswell.Enjoyavariety/diversityofcultralandsportactivities.)
于此匹配的是医疗上面取得的进步
Matchingthisistheprogressthatwehavemadeinmedicaltreatment,andtheprotectionwegetfromthefree-medi-caresystem(gettimelyandpropertreatmentwithoutfearingafinaicalruin)
同样重要的是这个社会的安定和平equallyimportantisthepeaceandsecurityofthesociety.
最后一点就是我们在科技上取得的进步。
Lastbutnotleastistheprogresswehavemadeinscienceandtechnology.
3,顶真:
一正装,一倒装。
课业不见了,同时不见的还有严格的监管和引导
Asaresultoftheschoolburden-reductioneffort,theheavyhomeworkisgone;butgonetooistheguidenceofteachers.
你不仅人漂亮,内心也漂亮
Yourfaceisbeautiful;beautifultooisyourheart.
你不仅人漂亮,内心更漂亮
Yourfaceisbeautiful,andmorebeautifulisyourheartyourfaceisbeautifulandmoresoisyourheart.
中国的经济在飙涨soaring,家长的财富wealth在飞涨。
于是家长们想到这样美妙的烧钱方法不足为奇。
China’seconomyissoaring,soaringtooisthewealthoftheparents.
China’seconomyissoaring,andsoisthewealthoftheparents.Itisnosurprisethatparentsshouldcomeupwithsuchafancyideaofburningmoney.
游客获益了benefit,当地人也获益了
Thetravellersbenefit,sodothelocals
游客已经获益了,当地人也是如此
Thetravellershavebenefited,sohavethelocals.
1)顶真写作法就是将顶真强行扯断
上一段落结尾处---be+adj
下一段落开头:
Andadjtoobe+----
随着工业化和城市化的进展,我们的青山绿水遗失了。
同时消失不见的还有我们无忧无虑的简单生活,人们在压力和昂贵的生活成本下挣扎呻吟。
Withthedevelopmentofcitiesandindustries,ourgreenmountainsandclearriversarelost;losttooistheeasyan