大英3第四单元答案.docx

大英3第四单元答案.docx

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大英3第四单元答案

Unit4CareerPlanning

UsefulInformation

Findingajobislikeanyothercompetitiveactivity.Youwouldnotplayagameofbasketballwithoutpracticingandwarmingupforthegame.Youwouldpracticeyourshots,yourdribbling,yourpassing,andevenyourfreethrowsforalongtimebeforethegame.Thenonthedayofthegameyouwouldpracticethemagain.Everytimeyoupracticed,you’dhopetoimprove.

Thejobmarketismorecompetitivethanthat.Soyoushouldpracticeharder,andhaveagoodgameplan.Inbasketballyoucanfallbehindinthefirstquarterandstillwin,butthat’sunlikelyinthecompetitionforjobs,whereunpreparednessisrarelyrewarded.

Thefirststepisagoodrésumé（orcurriculumvitae,CVforshort）.Itshouldbeclearandconcise,withthemostimportantitemsonthefirstpage.Itshouldincludeyourname,address,phone，andyourfax,email,mobilephoneifyouhavethem.Theworstthingwouldbeifsomeonewantedtointervieworhireyoubutdidnotknowhowtofindyou.Thekeyitemsinarésuméincludeyourjobobjective,youreducation,yourworkexperience,yourhonors,awards,youraffiliationsandanyofficesheld,andanythingelseyouthinkwillhelpyougetthejob.Somecandidatesincludehobbies,interests,personalinformation,references,etc.Othersdonot.Suchitemscomeattheendoftherésumé,withreferencesasthelast.

Thesecondstepisagoodcoverletter.Thisshouldbenomorethanapage.Ifit’sanylongerthereadermaynotnoticeyoursignatureatthebottom.Liketherésumé,thecoverlettershouldgothroughseveralcarefuldrafts,withadvicefromaninstructororsomeotherexperiencedpeople.Otherdocumentssuchaspersonalstatementsandapplicationformsmayberequired.Theseshouldbepreparedjustasthoroughlyandconscientiouslyastheletterandtherésumé.

Nowyouarealmostreadyforthebottomlineofthejob-huntingprocess:

theinterview.Thejobmaybegainedorlostinthefirst30secondsoftheinterview,soyoushouldpracticethispartseveraltimes,includingyourentry,greetings,etc.Bringseveralcopiesofyourrésumétotheinterviewincasethecommitteemembersdon’thavethem,andbepreparedtohandtheseoutatthebeginning.It’salsogoodtopracticetheentireinterview.Answersshouldbeclearandconcise,includingrelevantspecificexamplesofyoureducationorexperience.Onegoodexamplecanbeworthseveralminutesofgeneraldiscussion.Herearesomegoodquestionstopracticeansweringbeforetheinterview.

Canyoutellussomethingaboutyourself（life/background/education/experience）?

Whatareyourcareergoals?

Whydoyouwantthisjob?

Whatdoyouhopetobedoing5yearsfromnow?

Whatareyourgreatestachievements?

Whatareyourstrengthsandweaknesses?

HowareyourEnglishandcomputerskills?

Canyouworkwithpeopleofeithergender?

Canyouworkwithpeoplefromothercountriesorcultures?

Whatwouldyoudoif…（hypotheticalsituation）?

Whyshouldwehireyouinsteadofotherqualifiedapplicants?

Doyouhaveanyfinalquestionsorstatementsforus?

It’smostlyuptoyou.Prepareandpractice.Thenprepareandpracticeagainandagain.MichaelJordanwascutfromhishighschoolteam,butthroughpreparationandpracticebecametheworld’sbestbasketballplayer.Dothesameifyouwantaworld-classjob!

PartOnePreparation

1.Whatarethey?

1）filmdirector2）surgeon3）flightattendant4）pilot5）cook/chef

6）conductor7）lawyer8）receptionist9）policeman10）butcher

11）doctor/physician12）auto-repairman13）scientist/researchworker14）nurse

2.WordFamily

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

3.MatchingGame

SectionA1）job2）career3）profession4）trade

SectionB1）pay2）fee3）salary,wages4）income

SectionC1）job-seeker2）employer3）fire4）interview

PartTwoReading-CenteredActivities

In-ClassReading

I.Pre-Reading

1.Samples

1）It’sajobwhichrequiresalotofskillsindealingwithpeople.Forexample,theyshouldhaveaverygoodattitudetowardspeopleandprovidegoodserviceforthosewhocometotheiroffice.Theirmaintaskinvolvesdoingpaperworkintheoffice,answeringphonecallsandhelpingpeoplegothroughformalities.Theyhaveasteadysalary,andleadacomparativelyleisurelylife.Theydon’thavetogoonbusinessoften.Theygotoworkat9inthemorning,andgetbackhomeat5intheafternoon.Theywillnotbefiredeasilybecausetheyareemployedbythegovernment.Notmanypeoplewouldliketotakethejobbefore,butnowit’sveryhot.Peopleevenhavetotakeandpassteststogetemployed,andthecompetitionistough.Thegovernmentkeepsraisingthesalaryofthesepeoplepartlyinordertokeepthemfromcorruption.

（Answer:

governmentofficeworker,orcivilservant）

2）Firstofall,Iamworkingveryhardonmysubjects,especiallyEnglish.TopassCETband4and6isamustforabetterjob.IntheEnglishclass,IamveryactiveingroupdiscussionsbecauseIknowgettingthecertificateofCETisnotenough.Iamalsoinvolvedinsomesocialworkintheuniversityinordertogetmyselfpreparedforservingsociety,sothatIcanformagoodrelationshipwithmycolleaguesandbusinesspartners.Warm-heartednessisalsoaveryimportantattributeformyfuturecareer.Iparticipatedinacoupleofmoney-raisingactivitiestohelpthosevictimsoffloodsandearthquakes.Ifpossible,Iwouldalsolearntodrive.Havingadriver’slicensewillenablemetostandabetterchanceinthejobmarket,Ithink.Well,itseemsthatIhavealottodotogetreadyforthefuture.

II.PassageReading

Words,PhrasesandGrammaticalPoints

1.career（l.1）,occupation（l.7）,professionaloccupation（l.8）,job（l.11）,lineofwork（l.59）

career（职业,一生的事业）:

thetypeofworkthatyoudoorwishtodoformostofyourworkinglife,especiallywherethisinvolvesseveralsimilarjobsoveralongperiodoftime

e.g.I）Likehisfather,Tomchoseacareerinthearmy.

II）LateroninhiscareerhebecamefirstsecretaryattheBritishEmbassyinWashington.

occupation（工作，职业）:

awordusedespeciallyinanofficialcontextmeaningsomeone’susualfull-timejob

e.g.I）Pleasefillinthedetailsofyourpresentoccupation.

II）Meninmanualoccupationstendtobelesspronetostress-relatedillnesses.

professionaloccupation（=profession）（专业，职业）:

atypeofworkwhichpeopleusuallyregardwithrespect,suchasteaching,medicine,orlaw,forwhichyouneedspecialtrainingandhavetopassspecialexaminations.

e.g.I）Teachingisaprofessionthatrequirestotalcommitment.

II）Medicinehasalwaysbeenaverymale-dominatedprofession.

job（工作，职业）:

theparticularactivitythatsomeonedoesregularlyinordertoearnmoney,especiallywhentheyareemployedbysomeoneelse

e.g.I）PaulstartshisnewjobonMonday.

II）Thefactorycloseddownlastmonthand1800peoplelosttheirjobs.

lineofwork（行业，行当）:

thetypeofworkorjobthatyoudo

e.g.I）Imeetsomeinterestingpeopleinmylineofwork.

II）Ididn’trealizewewerebothinthesamelineofwork.

2.…estimatingtheprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,…（l.4）

Theword“estimate”canalsobeusedasanoun,meaning“judgmentorcalculationoftheapproximatesize,cost,value,etc.ofsomething（估计，估价）”.

e.g.I）Accordingtotheirestimates,thecompanywillgobankruptwithintwoyears.

II）Thenumberofpeoplewhoappliedforthecoursewas120comparedwithaninitialestimateofbetween50and100.

“Estimation”isthenounformoftheverbestimate,meaning“one’sopinionofthevalue,nature,etc.ofsomeoneorsomething（评价，判断）”.Itisoftenusedinthephrase“inone’sestimation”.

e.g.I）Hewas,inmyestimation,notcapableofdoingthejob.

II）Inmyestimation,alotofbanksaregoingtohavethesameproblem.

3.…areunabletoexpressanychoicesofoccupation（l.11）

Thispartofthesentencemeans:

arenotabletosaywhatjobstheyshouldchoose.

4.....,butthatdoesnotdescribecareerdecisions.（l.22）

Here“that”referstothepreviousclause“…complacencyisappropriateforanydecisioninwhichnothingmuchisatstake”.

5.engagein（l.23）:

1）从事，忙于（通常用被动态）

e.g.Heisengagedinwritinganovel.

2）吸引

e.g.Thenewtoydidn’tengagethechildren’sinterestforlong.

3）雇用，聘用

e.g.Hisfatherengagedaprivatetutortoimprovehismath.

4）预定

e.g.I’veengagedaroomatthehotel.

engaged:

adj.

1）定婚的

e.g.Haveyoumetthemanshe’sengagedto?

你是否见过她未婚夫？

2）（电话）占线

e.g.Sorry!

Theline/numberisengaged.

6.confront（l.24）andface（l.70）

Theword“confront”means“face,meetordealwith（adifficultsituationorperson）”while“face”means“（causeorforceto）recognize,thinkabout,acceptordealwith（aproblemordifficulty）”.

confront:

e.g.I）Whenhereturnedtohisofficehewasconfrontedby/withagreatpileofwork.

II）Shewasconfrontedwiththebiggestcrisisofherpoliticallife.

III）Weneedtoconfronttheseproblemsbeforeit’stoolate.

face:

e.g.I）Theyface/arefacedwithfinancialpenalties.

II）Thecountryisnowfacedwiththeprospectofwar.

III）Wehavetofacetherealitythat,sofar,thetreatyhashadlittleeffect.

7.…somepeopleremaincalmbyresortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.（l.25）

Inthephrase“resortto”,“to”isapreposition,soitshouldbefollowedbyeithernounsorgerunds.

e.g.I）Ihadtoresorttoviolencetogetmymoney.

II）Whenshedidn’tanswerthetelephoneIresortedtostandingoutsideherwindowandcallinguptoher.

Ifsomeonedoessomethingasalastresort/inthelastresort（作为最后的手段，最后的凭借）,thatmeanswhatonewilldoifeverythingelsefails.

e.g.I）Nuclearwea