水二语法.docx

水二语法.docx

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水二语法

1.虚拟语气：

Note:

试题中的虚拟语气往往是虚拟语气的某种特殊形式，和虚拟语气的常见句型。

考普通的虚拟语气形式。

主要有如下几种，其中包括复合条件虚拟语气形式：

1．HadAlicebeenmorehardworking,she______________.

A.hadnotfailedB.wouldnothavefailedC.wouldnotfailD.couldnotbefailed

2.Ifyou_______seeMary,whatwouldyoutellher?

A.areto B.mustC.weretoD.willbegoing

3.They___________sotiredifthey__________forawholeday.

A.wouldn’tfeel,didn’twalkB.wouldn’tfeel,weren’twalking

C.wouldn’tbefeeling,weren’twalking

D.wouldn’tbefeeling,hadn’tbeenwalking（2003年考题）

4．_________ifyouhadlostyourwatch?

A.Hadn’tyoubeenupsetB.Wouldn’tyoubeupsetC.Weren’tyouupsetD.Wouldn’tyouhaveupset

考特殊的虚拟语气形式，主要有以下几种：

█1．Thebossorderedthatthegoods__________deliveredatonce.

A.wouldbe B.be C.mustbe D.were （2002年考题）

第一类，表示提议，要求，建议，恳求等的动词所接的从句，尤其宾语从句中。

所以需要熟悉这类词，例如：

ask,advise,demand,decide,insist（坚决要求），move（提议），prefer（宁愿）,propose,order,command,require,request,suggest（建议），urge（主张）。

虚拟形式为should+do，或do。

另见书中138，193。

其中需要注意两个词insist和suggest，当它们分别作为“坚持认为”和“暗示”的意思讲时，仍然用陈述语气。

2．Heinsistedwhathesaid__________right.

A.was B.are C.shouldbe D.were

3.Hissmilesuggestedhe__________ourplans.

A.agreed  B.wouldagree C.shouldagree D.agree

此外，这些词对应的名词，或形容词+从句时，从句中的动词也要用虚拟语气，形式一样should+do，或do。

4.Itisnecessarythatyou____________presentatthediscussion.

A.are B.were C.be D.willbe

5．Ithinkit'simperativethatwe_____thewoundedsoldiersimmediately.

A.tookcareof      B.willtakecareof   

C.wouldtakecareof    D.shouldtakecareof

6.Theboarddeemediturgentthatthesefiles_______rightaway.

 A.hadtobeprinted     B.shouldhavebeenprinted

 C.mustbeprinted        D.shouldbeprinted. 

6.Thedoctor’srecommendationisthatI__________smoking.

A.shouldgiveup B.gaveup  C.willgiveup  D.shallgiveup

形容词有：

essential,urgent,necessary,important,advisable,desired,natural,desirable,demanded,preferable,imperative,demanded,vital,required,suggested,arranged.

名词有：

advice,command,order,desire,preference,insistence,proposal,suggestion,plan,idea,recommendation,request,requirement.

█wish，asif, ifonly后面跟的从句中使用虚拟语气（考的可能性很大）**

形式为：

表同时的情况did（were）

表先于的情况had+done

表将来的情况would（could）+do

7.Iwishedit________butitdid.

A.occurrednot B.didnotoccur C.hadnotoccurredD.wouldnotoccur

8.Iwishyou_________mesomemoney,Icanpayyoubacknextweek.

A.shouldlend B.lent C.wouldlend D.mightlend

9.IwishI_______yourposition.

A.wereinB.areinC.wereatD.shouldbein

10.Ifonlyeverything__________outaswewantedittoinlife!

A.works B.hasworked C.workedD.isworking

11.Theskylookedasifit__________blue.

A.hadbeenpaintedB.werepaintedblueC.shouldbepaintedD.wouldbepainted

书中121.

█It’stimeorhightimethat,sb’drather, wouldassoon,wouldsooner,wouldprefer+that,要用虚拟语气，形式为过去式did.（考的可能性很大）▲▲（见书中48，60）

12．I’dratheryou_________inthejobforanothertwoyears.

A.shouldstay B.stay  C.wouldstay  D.stayed

13.It’stime______aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.

A. somethingwasdone           B.everythingisdone

C. anythingwillbedone          D.nothingtobedone

█incase,lest,forfearthat引起的壮语从句“以免”形式为should+do

14Hetookhisraincoatwithhimincaseit__________rain.

A. wouldB.shouldC.不填D.shall

█表示惊奇，高兴，遗憾等感情色彩，要用虚拟语气，形式为should+do

15Itisamiraclethatrice________insuchaplace.

A.shouldgrow B.isgrowing C.shallgrowD.hasgrown

这类词的还有：

surprise,it’sapity,incredible,strange,nowonder,natural

█含蓄条件句▲▲

假设的情况不是用一个条件句来表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如：

without,butfor,butthat,otherwise,等来表示。

16.Butforyoucooperation,we_________inourexperiment.见182

A. couldnothavesucceeded B.couldsucceed C.succeedednot D.wouldnotsucceed

17.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,I____________theparade.

A.wouldtakepartin B.wasgoingtotakepartin CwouldhavetakenpartinD.tookpartin

见137

█条件句倒装

（书中33，7，8，48，53，60, 69,121，130，137，138，146，163，182）

18.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he______ourchairmennow.

 A.musthavebeen     B.wouldhavebeen

 c.were            D.wouldbe

19.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butI_____fullyoccupiedthewholelastweek.

 A.were         B.hadbeen

 C.havebeen      D.was

20.Janewasverybusylastweek.Otherwiseshe____toseeyou.

A.came      B.wouldcome     C.hadcome     D.wouldhavecome

21.Hemighthavebeenkilled_____thearrivalofthepolice.

A.exceptfor  B.for  C.with  D.butfor

2.非谓语动词部分

（1）分词的完成式、被动式、分词的逻辑主语、分词作补语；

（2）动名词的完成式、被动式、动名词的复合结构以及后接动名词的动词；

（3）不定式的完成式、被动式、要求不定式作宾语的动词，不定式的复合结构。

1.Thepolicy__________made,thenextproblemwashowtocarryitout.

A.havingbeenB.being C.hadbeen D.was

2.Shewaitedatthegate,herhands__________beforeher.

A.folding B.folded C.werefolding D.werefolded

█（以上均为2002，2003考题）考点主要在分词的独立主格结构。

（重点中重点▲▲▲▲）

再如书中的177，19，66，25，165，187,

3.Iwaslookingforthemagazinethewholeofyesterdaymorning,Iforgot_________ittoyou.

A.return B.havingreturnedC.toreturn D.tohavereturned

*Ihavealwaysregretted____________morewhenIwasyoung.

A.havingnotlearnt B.nottohavelearntC.nottolearn D.nothavinglearnt

*Iremember_________toPariswhenIwasaverysmallchild.

A.taking b.tobetaken C.beingtaken D.totake

*Ifyoucan’tturnthekey,try________someoilinthelock.

A.putting B.toput C.andputD.tohaveput

█有些动词后面既可加动名词，也可以加不定式，要注意它们的区别

try      todo    doing（书中54）

mean    ….      ….  

Forget   ….      ….    128

Remember….      ….

Regret   ….      …

Stop     …       …

注意need，或want的用法（书中23题）

MyTVisbrokenagainanditneeds____________.

A.torepair   B.repairing  C.havingrepaired  D.havingitrepaired

█考现在分词和过去分词的区别，以及不定式的区别。

**另见书中64，66，102，

4.Johncomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages______inthedictionary.

 A.missing B.losing C.dropping D.leaking

5.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely_____totheoutsideworld.

 A.beinglost  B.havinglost C.losing D.lost

6.Ifoundmyself______tothespotwheretheexperimentwasbeingperformedwheneverIhadsometimetospare.

 A.draw B.drawing  C.drew  D.drawn

7.Hehadus__________allthroughthemeal.

A.laugh  B.laughed C.tolaugh D.laughing

8.Thepoliceweretoldthatsomeboyswereseen________onthestreet.

A.toplay B.playing C.tobeplaying D.played

9.Johnwascaught_________hisneighbor’sapplestheotherday.

A.tohavestolen  B.stealing  C.tosteal  Dhavingstolen

10.Didyousmellsomething__________?

A.burnt B.toburn C.burning D.tobeburning

11.Themusicisso________thattheaudiencewere_________todeath.

A.boring…bored B.bored..boring C.bored…boredD.boring…boring

12.ProfessorWang,____________hisknowledgeandasenseofhumor,wasadmiredbyallhisstudents.

A.beingknownas  B.tobeknownas B.knownfor  D.havingknownfor

13.Thegovernment____________toenvironmentalprotection.

A.committed B.iscommitting C.iscommitted D.commits

14.Contrastmaymakesomethinglookmorebeautifulthanitiswhen__________alone.

A.isseen B.seen C.tobeseen D.isseeing

█ 考什么动词后接动名词，什么动词后接不定式（见书中3，28，17，20，23，31，38，71，77，100，112，115，120，132，143，155，159，162，161，195）（考的可能性很大）

12．NoonethoughtthatJohn’ssuggestionwasworth_________.

A.toconsider B.considering C.tobeconsidered D.ofconsideration

13．Wemustavoid____________suchmistakesagain.

A.tomake B.making C.havingmade D.tobemaking

14. Weusedto___________twiceaweekandnowwegetusedto_________moreregularly.

A.goswimming…playingtennis  B.goingswimming…playtennis C.goingswimming…playingtennis D.goingswimming…beingplayingtennis

15.Mytypisthasnotreturnedmypaperyet,butshepromised___________bytomorrow.

A.tohaveitready  B.tohavingitready C.havingitready D.metobeready

16.Boby,wouldyougoandseeifSamhasanydifficulty__________histaperecorder?

A.tofix  B.fixing  C.forfixing  D.fix

♣需要记忆接动名词的常用动词有：

admit,avoid,consider,delay,deny,endure,bear,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,finish,forbid,imagine,mind,miss,dislike,permit,postpone,practice,require,risk,suggestcan’thelp,feellike,giveup,putoff.

objectto,opposeto,leadto,lookforwardto,bedevotedto,begivento,getusedto,beaccustomedto,resortto,turnto,respondto,seeto,stickto,keepto,contributeto其中to为介词，后面一定要用动名词。

另外，还有几个特殊的句型要求用动名词，他们是：

Heisbusy（in）preparingareport.

Theyspentalotoftime（in）makingpreparation.

It’snousearguingwithhim.

There’snopointstayinghereforalongtime.

Wehadgreattroubleordifficulty（in）findingabetterjob.

Thestudentshaveagoodtime（in）playinginthepark.

Thereisnodenyingthatwomenareplayinganimportantroleintheworldtoday.

常接不定式的动词有：

afford,agree,decline,refuse,offer,promise,prepare,tend,expect,threaten,volunteer,hope,attempt,intend.

常考的一个动词prefer195

█介词后面肯定要用动名词

Hewasfinedfor___________nearapedestriancrossing.

A.havingparked   B.park   C.tobeparking  D.parking

Fruitiscustomarilytreatedwithsulfurpriorto___________toreduceanycolorchange.

A.dry    B.tohavedried  C.drying  D.bedry

█常考不定式做后置定语▲▲

Theonlykings_______________anythinglikeEnglishbeforeEdwardIIIweretheAngloSaxons.

A. ever