雅思大作文写作方法.docx

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雅思大作文写作方法.docx

雅思大作文写作方法

雅思大作文写作方法+常用表达

6大作文task2

6.1雅思大作文评分标准细则

Band

Taskresponse

Coherence&cohesion

Lexicalresource

Grammerrangeandaccuracy

9

•fullyaddressesallpartsofthetask

•presentsafullydevelopedpositioninanswertothequestionwithrelevant,fullyextendedandwellsupportedideas

•usescohesioninsuchawaythatitattractsnoattention

•skilfullymanagesparagraphing

•usesawiderangeofvocabularywithverynaturalandsophisticatedcontroloflexicalfeatures;rareminorerrorsoccuronlyas‘slips’

•usesawiderangeofstructureswithfullflexibilityandaccuracy;rareminorerrorsoccuronlyas‘slips’

8

•sufficientlyaddressesallpartsofthetask

•presentsawell-developedresponsetothequestionwithrelevant,extendedandsupportedideas

•sequencesinformationandideaslogically

•managesallaspectsofcohesionwell

•usesparagraphingsufficientlyandappropriately

•usesawiderangeofvocabularyfluentlyandflexiblytoconveyprecisemeanings

•skilfullyusesuncommonlexicalitemsbuttheremaybeoccasionalinaccuraciesinwordchoiceandcollocation

•producesrareerrorsinspellingand/orwordformation

•usesawiderangeofstructures

•themajorityofsentencesareerror-free

•makesonlyveryoccasionalerrorsorinappropriacies

7

•addressesallpartsofthetask

•presentsaclearpositionthroughouttheresponse

•presents,extendsandsupportsmainideas,buttheremaybeatendencytoover-generaliseand/orsupportingideasmaylackfocus

•logicallyorganisesinformationandideas;thereisclearprogressionthroughout

•usesarangeofcohesivedevicesappropriatelyalthoughtheremaybesomeunder-/over-use

•presentsaclearcentraltopicwithineachparagraph

•usesasufficientrangeofvocabularytoallowsomeflexibilityandprecision

•useslesscommonlexicalitemswithsomeawarenessofstyleandcollocation

•mayproduceoccasionalerrorsinwordchoice,spellingand/orwordformation

•usesavarietyofcomplexstructures

•producesfrequenterror-freesentences

•hasgoodcontrolofgrammarandpunctuationbutmaymakeafewerrors

6

•addressesallpartsofthetaskalthoughsomepartsmaybemorefullycoveredthanothers

•presentsarelevantpositionalthoughtheconclusionsmaybecomeunclearorrepetitive

•presentsrelevantmainideasbutsomemaybeinadequatelydeveloped/unclear

•arrangesinformationandideascoherentlyandthereisaclearoverallprogression

•usescohesivedeviceseffectively,butcohesionwithinand/orbetweensentencesmaybefaultyormechanical

•maynotalwaysusereferencingclearlyorappropriately

•usesparagraphing,butnotalwayslogically

•usesanadequaterangeofvocabularyforthetask

•attemptstouselesscommonvocabularybutwithsomeinaccuracy

•makessomeerrorsinspellingand/orwordformation,buttheydonotimpedecommunication

•usesamixofsimpleandcomplexsentenceforms

•makessomeerrorsingrammarandpunctuationbuttheyrarelyreducecommunication

5

•addressesthetaskonlypartially;theformatmaybeinappropriateinplaces

•expressesapositionbutthedevelopmentisnotalwaysclearandtheremaybenoconclusionsdrawn

•presentssomemainideasbutthesearelimitedandnotsufficientlydeveloped;theremaybeirrelevantdetail

•presentsinformationwithsomeorganisationbuttheremaybealackofoverallprogression

•makesinadequate,inaccurateorover-useofcohesivedevices

•mayberepetitivebecauseoflackofreferencingandsubstitution

•maynotwriteinparagraphs,orparagraphingmaybeinadequate

•usesalimitedrangeofvocabulary,butthisisminimallyadequateforthetask

•maymakenoticeableerrorsinspellingand/orwordformationthatmaycausesomedifficultyforthereader

•usesonlyalimitedrangeofstructures

•attemptscomplexsentencesbutthesetendtobelessaccuratethansimplesentences

•maymakefrequentgrammaticalerrorsandpunctuationmaybefaulty;errorscancausesomedifficultyforthereader

4

•respondstothetaskonlyinaminimalwayortheansweristangential;theformatmaybeinappropriate

•presentsapositionbutthisisunclear

•presentssomemainideasbutthesearedifficulttoidentifyandmayberepetitive,irrelevantornotwellsupported

•presentsinformationandideasbutthesearenotarrangedcoherentlyandthereisnoclearprogressionintheresponse

•usessomebasiccohesivedevicesbutthesemaybeinaccurateorrepetitive

•maynotwriteinparagraphsortheirusemaybeconfusing

•usesonlybasicvocabularywhichmaybeusedrepetitivelyorwhichmaybeinappropriateforthetask

•haslimitedcontrolofwordformationand/orspelling;errorsmaycausestrainforthereader

•usesonlyaverylimitedrangeofstructureswithonlyrareuseofsubordinateclauses

•somestructuresareaccuratebuterrorspredominate,andpunctuationisoftenfaulty

3

•doesnotadequatelyaddressanypartofthetask

•doesnotexpressaclearposition

•presentsfewideas,whicharelargelyundevelopedorirrelevant

doesnotorganiseideaslogically

•mayuseaverylimitedrangeofcohesivedevices,andthoseusedmaynotindicatealogicalrelationshipbetweenideas

usesonlyaverylimitedrangeofwordsandexpressionswithverylimitedcontrolofwordformationand/orspelling

•errorsmayseverelydistortthemessage

attemptssentenceformsbuterrorsingrammarandpunctuationpredominateanddistortthemeaning

雅思大作文评分标准细则

成绩

任务回应

连贯与衔接

词汇资源

语法结构的范围和准确性

9

▪完全回应题目所有要求

▪立场表达清晰,论证完全;

▪观点相关性好,扩展充分,论据充足;

▪不留痕迹地衔接;

▪分段得体;

▪词汇使用广泛、自然而老到;极少出现小错误如“笔误”;

▪语法结构的使用广泛、准确而灵活;极少出现小错误如“笔误”;

8

▪•充分回应题目所有要求;

▪•观点相关,有扩展,有论据;

▪信息和观点的安排有逻辑性;

▪衔接良好;

▪分段恰当;

▪能流畅、灵活地使用多样词汇来准确表达思想;

▪能巧妙使用较不常见单词和习语,尽管偶尔有词汇选择和搭配上的不准确;

▪拼写和构词法错误极少;

▪灵活使用多种结构;

▪大部分语句无误;

▪极偶尔情况下出现错误或不准确;

7

▪回应题目所有要求;

▪自始至终立场清晰;

▪表达了主要观点,提供了论据并进行了扩展,但有可能太宽泛或对观点的支持太分散;

▪信息和观点组织有逻辑性;文章从头至尾有延续性;

▪衔接手段使用合理,虽然可能有一些使用过少或过多;

▪每段都有清晰的中心论点;

▪词汇使用丰富、有一定的准确性和灵活性;

▪能使用较不常见词汇,对语体和搭配有所了解;

▪在词汇的选择、拼写和构词法上偶尔有错误;

▪使用多种复杂结构;

▪多数语句无误;

▪语法和标点掌握较好,但可能会犯一些错误;

6

▪回应题目所有要求,然而有些论证多一些,有些论证少一些;

▪立场切题,尽管结论不清晰或重复;

▪主要观点有相关性,然而一些可能没有充分论证,或不清晰;

▪信息和观点组织连贯;文章有延续性;

▪衔接手段使用有效,但是句子内部和句子之间的衔接可能有误或过于机械;

▪有分段,但可能有时缺乏逻辑性

▪使用适当范围的词汇;

▪试图使用较不常见词汇,但有一些不准确;

▪在拼写和构词法上有错误,但这些错误不至于影响交际;

▪能使用简单和复杂句子结构;

▪语法和标点出现一些错误,尽管这些错误很少导致交流障碍;

5

▪部分回应题目要求,一些地方格式不正确;

▪表达了立场,但论证不是一直清晰,也可能没有结论;

▪给出了一些主要观点,但没有充分扩展,可能出现无关细节;

▪对信息进行了一定组织,但整体缺乏延续性;

▪过渡手段不够、不准确或过多;

▪过渡手段重复;

▪没有分段,或分段不足;

▪使用有限词汇量,但只是在最低层面上满足题目;

▪拼写和构词法上可能出现明显错误,造成读者的某些阅读困难;

▪只能使用基本句子结构;

▪试图使用复杂句,但复杂句的使用准确性不如简单句;

▪语法错误较多,标点有误用;错误造成读者的某些阅读困难;

4

▪任务回应极少,不切题,或格式不恰当;

▪表达了观点,但观点不清晰;

▪提出了一些主要观点,但很难区分,且观点重复、不相关或没有论据支持;

▪提供信息和观点,但安排不连贯,也没有清晰的连续性;

▪使用一些基本的衔接手段,但可能不准确或重复

▪只使用基本词汇,可能重复,可能使用不得体;

▪构词法和拼写掌握有限;

▪错误导致读者理解困难;

▪只使用有限的句子结构,从句很少见;

▪有的结构准确但错误较多,标点经常错误;

3

▪对任务任一部分都没有足够的回应;

▪没有表达清晰立场

▪提出了极少观点,且基本没有扩展或不相关;

▪没有逻辑性地组织观点;

▪衔接手段的使用非常有限,不能表明观点之间的逻辑关系;

▪只使用非常有限的单词和表达,对于构词法和拼写的掌握很有限;

▪错误严重干扰信息的传递;

▪试图写出句子但语法和标点错误非常多,扭曲了意思

2

▪几乎没有回应任务;

▪没有表达立场;

▪可能试图提出一两个观点,但没有扩展;

▪对组织结构的掌握极少

▪词汇使用极其有限;基本没有掌握构词法和拼写

▪除了背诵的短语以外无法使用句子

1

▪回答与任务完全无关;

▪无法交流任何信息

▪只能使用一些零散单词

▪完全无法使用句子

0

缺席考试;

交白卷;

完全抄袭背诵好的范文

6分:

文章切题,语句通顺,没有明显错误(小错在6个以内),有一些比较不错的语句(复杂句、排比、倒装、从句等等)就是6分的标准了。

7分:

文笔流畅,错误极少,有个别闪光点就是7分。

8分:

论点新颖、别具一格,就是8分。

或者论点一般,但十分切题,语言很漂亮,令人印象深刻。

也是8分(不过一般这样也可以给7分)。

6.25~9分范文

范例6-1

Thegovernmentshouldcontroltheamountofviolenceinfilmsandontelevisioninordertodecreaseviolentcrimesinsociety.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

Ithasbeensuggestedthatthegovernmentshouldtakeactionontheviolentfilmsandtelevisionswhichposedtheviolentcrimesinsociety.Theimplicationandveracityofthisideaseemreasonablebutinfactrequirecloserexamination.

 

Firstofall,thecourseoftheincreasingofthecruxoftheviolentcrimesisnottheviolentfilmsandtelevisions.Themajorreasonisthatthebiggapbetweenthepoorandtherichandwithpeople’smoralcharacteraswell.AsIseeit,thegovernmentsareobligatedtodeveloptheeconomyandtheconsciousness.

 

Inaddition,ifforbidtheviolenceinfilmsandontelevisions,wewilllosesomeexcellentfilms,becausetosomeactionfilms,thequintessentialpartisviolenceandtherefore,itisnobenefitforneitherfilmextentorculture.

 

What’smore,violentfilmsandtelevisionsaregoodnegativeexamples,foritgivespeoplefearswhocommitviolentcrimes.Aboyinmyclass,whohasafierytemper,oftenfightswithothers,Oncehesawaviolentfilmofacrippledactorbecauseoftheviolence,hewasworriedandhadalessononitwhicheffectshimalot,finallyhebecameadisciplinedboy.

 

ForthesereasonsIfeelstronglythatthefilmofviolenceshouldnotbecontrolledandthatweshouldobjectivelyevaluateandcriticizetheissue,becauseweneeddifferentfilmsandtelevisions,sowecanlearnsomethingfromthem.(245words)

得分:

5分

文章结构清晰,是一篇5段式的作文,但是在第4段中,作者其实是论述了与前两段不同的观点,但用的连接词却是what’smore使得这段的真正意图没有体现出来。

从语言方面来说,似乎文章用了一些好词,如implicationandveracity,crux,beobligatedto等等,但是仍然有些低级的语法错误,如ifforbidtheviolenceinfilmsandontelevisions这个句子是没有主语的句子,是非常严重的错误,给考官的印象非常的不好。

其次,很明显,文章单词等级的跳跃性很大,第一段用的词都不较高级别,而第3段的词句很简单而且有严重的错误。

此外,由于文章的词数也没有达到最低要求,导致失分。

范例6-2

Somepeoplethinkthefunctionofuniversityeducationistopreparestudentsfortheirfutureemployment.However,othersbelievethatitmusthaveotherimportantfunctions.Discussandindicatewhatotherfunctionstheuniversityeducationcanprovide.

Someholdthatthefunctionofuniversityorcollegeeducationistohelpstudentstogetreadyfortheirfuturepaying-job.Whileothersconsiderthattheuseofuniversityorcollegeeducationis

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