试验一MATLAB 语言基础实验.docx
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试验一MATLAB语言基础实验
试验一MATLAB语言基础实验（软件仿真）
1、MATLAB的基本操作
1、实验目的
（1）学习了解MATLAB语言环境
（2）练习MATLAB命令的基本操作
（3）练习m文件的基本操作
2、实验内容（练习MATLAB命令的基本操作中的内容）
1）常规矩阵输入
>>a=[123]
a=
123
>>a=[1;2;3]
a=
1
2
3
>>b=[125]
b=
125
>>b=[125];
>>a
a=
1
2
3
>>a'
ans=
123
>>b
b=
125
>>b'
ans=
1
2
5
>>c=a*b
c=
125
2410
3615
>>c=a*b'
?
?
?
Errorusing==>*
Innermatrixdimensionsmustagree.
>>a=[123;456;780]
a=
123
456
780
>>a^2
ans=
303615
668142
395469
>>a^0.5
ans=
0.5977+0.7678i0.7519+0.0979i0.5200-0.4680i
1.4102+0.1013i1.7741+0.6326i1.2271-0.7467i
1.2757-1.0289i1.6049-1.0272i1.1100+1.6175i
2）作循环命令程序
>>makesum=0;
fori=1:
1:
100
makesum=makesum+i;
end
>>makesum
makesum=
5050
3）分别执行下列命令
>>a=[123;456;780]
a=
123
456
780
>>poly（a）
ans=
1.0000-6.0000-72.0000-27.0000
>>rank（a）
ans=
3
>>det（a）
ans=
27
>>trace（a）
ans=
6
>>inv（a）
ans=
-1.77780.8889-0.1111
1.5556-0.77780.2222
-0.11110.2222-0.1111
>>eig（a）
ans=
12.1229
-0.3884
-5.7345
4）练习m文件的基本操作
>>penddemo
倒立摆控制系统：
二、MATLAB的数值运算
1、实验目的
（1）学习MATLAB语言的基本矩阵运算
（2）学习MATLAB语言的点运算
（3）学习复杂运算
2、实验内容
（1）基本矩阵运算
1）创建数值矩阵
>>a=[123;456;789];
>>a
a=
123
456
789
>>a（3,2）
ans=
8
>>a（:
1）
ans=
1
4
7
>>t=0:
10
t=
Columns1through10
0123456789
Column11
10
>>u=0:
0.1:
10
u=
Columns1through6
00.10000.20000.30000.40000.5000
Columns7through12
0.60000.70000.80000.90001.00001.1000
Columns13through18
1.20001.30001.40001.50001.60001.7000
Columns19through24
1.80001.90002.00002.10002.20002.3000
Columns25through30
2.40002.50002.60002.70002.80002.9000
Columns31through36
3.00003.10003.20003.30003.40003.5000
Columns37through42
3.60003.70003.80003.90004.00004.1000
Columns43through48
4.20004.30004.40004.50004.60004.7000
Columns49through54
4.80004.90005.00005.10005.20005.3000
Columns55through60
5.40005.50005.60005.70005.80005.9000
Columns61through66
6.00006.10006.20006.30006.40006.5000
Columns67through72
6.60006.70006.80006.90007.00007.1000
Columns73through78
7.20007.30007.40007.50007.60007.7000
Columns79through84
7.80007.90008.00008.10008.20008.3000
Columns85through90
8.40008.50008.60008.70008.80008.9000
Columns91through96
9.00009.10009.20009.30009.40009.5000
Columns97through101
9.60009.70009.80009.900010.0000
>>a（:
3）=[2;3;4]
a=
122
453
784
>>b=[11+2i;3+4i3]
b=
1.00001.0000+2.0000i
3.0000+4.0000i3.0000
2）创建特殊矩阵
>>a=ones（3,3）
a=
111
111
111
>>b=zeros（2,2）
b=
00
00
>>c=eye（4）
c=
1000
0100
0010
0001
>>magic（4）
ans=
162313
511108
97612
414151
3）练习矩阵运算
>>a=[010;001;-6-11-6];
>>b=[12;34;56];
>>c=[110;011];
>>v1=c*a
v1=
011
-6-11-5
>>v2=a*b
v2=
34
56
-69-92
>>v3=c*a*b
v3=
810
-64-86
>>v4=b*c
v4=
132
374
5116
>>v5=c*b
v5=
46
810
>>a^2
ans=
001
-6-11-6
366025
>>a^（1/2）
ans=
0.0000+0.4894i-0.0000-0.5588i-0.0000-0.0482i
0.0000+0.2891i0.0000+1.0195i-0.0000-0.2696i
0.0000+1.6179i0.0000+3.2553i0.0000+2.6374i
>>a1=a+b*c
a1=
142
375
-100
>>a2=c*b-a（1:
2,1:
2）
a2=
45
810
>>a3=a（1:
2,2:
3）+c*b
a3=
56
811
>>ar=c/a
ar=
-0.8333-1.0000-0.1667
1.00001.00000
>>al=a\b
al=
-5.6667-8.6667
1.00002.0000
3.00004.0000
4）练习矩阵特征运算
>>a'
ans=
00-6
10-11
01-6
>>inv（a）
ans=
-1.8333-1.0000-0.1667
1.000000
01.00000
>>diag（a）
ans=
0
0
-6
>>tril（a）
ans=
000
000
-6-11-6
>>inv（a）
ans=
-1.8333-1.0000-0.1667
1.000000
01.00000
>>poly（a）
ans=
1.00006.000011.00006.0000
>>rank（a）
ans=
3
>>det（a）
ans=
-6
>>trace（a）
ans=
-6
>>eig（a）
ans=
-1.0000
-2.0000
-3.0000
（2）MATLAB语言点的运算
1）练习点乘与点除
>>a1=[12;34];
>>a2=0.2*a1;
>>[a1a2]
ans=
1.00002.00000.20000.4000
3.00004.00000.60000.8000
>>[a1.*a2a1./a2]
ans=
0.20000.80005.00005.0000
1.80003.20005.00005.0000
2）由点运算完成标量函数运算与作图
>>t=0:
2*pi/180:
2*pi
t=
Columns1through6
00.03490.06980.10470.13960.1745
Columns7through12
0.20940.24430.27930.31420.34910.3840
Columns13through18
0.41890.45380.48870.52360.55850.5934
Columns19through24
0.62830.66320.69810.73300.76790.8029
Columns25through30
0.83780.87270.90760.94250.97741.0123
Columns31through36
1.04721.08211.11701.15191.18681.2217
Columns37through42
1.25661.29151.32651.36141.39631.4312
Columns43through48
1.46611.50101.53591.57081.60571.6406
Columns49through54
1.67551.71041.74531.78021.81511.8500
Columns55through60
1.88501.91991.95481.98972.02462.0595
Columns61through66
2.09442.12932.16422.19912.23402.2689
Columns67through72
2.30382.33872.37362.40862.44352.4784
Columns73through78
2.51332.54822.58312.61802.65292.6878
Columns79through84
2.72272.75762.79252.82742.86232.8972
Columns85through90
2.93222.96713.00203.03693.07183.1067
Columns91through96
3.14163.17653.21143.24633.28123.3161
Columns97through102
3.35103.38593.42083.45583.49073.5256
Columns103through108
3.56053.59543.63033.66523.70013.7350
Columns109through114
3.76993.80483.83973.87463.90953.9444
Columns115through120
3.97944.01434.04924.08414.11904.1539
Columns121through126
4.18884.22374.25864.29354.32844.3633
Columns127through132
4.39824.43314.46804.50294.53794.5728
Columns133through138
4.60774.64264.67754.71244.74734.7822
Columns139through144
4.81714.85204.88694.92184.95674.9916
Columns145through150
5.02655.06155.09645.13135.16625.2011
Columns151through156
5.23605.27095.30585.34075.37565.4105
Columns157through162
5.44545.48035.51525.55015.58515.6200
Columns163through168
5.65495.68985.72475.75965.79455.8294
Columns169through174
5.86435.89925.93415.96906.00396.0388
Columns175through180
6.07376.10876.14366.17856.21346.2483
Column181
6.2832
>>y1=sin（t）
y1=
Columns1through6
00.03490.06980.10450.13920.1736
Columns7through12
0.20790.24190.27560.30900.34200.3746
Columns13through18
0.40670.43840.46950.50000.52990.5592
Columns19through24
0.58780.61570.64280.66910.69470.7193
Columns25through30
0.74310.76600.78800.80900.82900.8480
Columns31through36
0.86600.88290.89880.91350.92720.9397
Columns37through42
0.95110.96130.97030.97810.98480.9903
Columns43through48
0.99450.99760.99941.00000.99940.9976
Columns49through54
0.99450.99030.98480.97810.97030.9613
Columns55through60
0.95110.93970.92720.91350.89880.8829
Columns61through66
0.86600.84800.82900.80900.78800.7660
Columns67through72
0.74310.71930.69470.66910.64280.6157
Columns73through78
0.58780.55920.52990.50000.46950.4384
Columns79through84
0.40670.37460.34200.30900.27560.2419
Columns85through90
0.20790.17360.13920.10450.06980.0349
Columns91through96
0.0000-0.0349-0.0698-0.1045-0.1392-0.1736
Columns97through102
-0.2079-0.2419-0.2756-0.3090-0.3420-0.3746
Columns103through108
-0.4067-0.4384-0.4695-0.5000-0.5299-0.5592
Columns109through114
-0.5878-0.6157-0.6428-0.6691-0.6947-0.7193
Columns115through120
-0.7431-0.7660-0.7880-0.8090-0.8290-0.8480
Columns121through126
-0.8660-0.8829-0.8988-0.9135-0.9272-0.9397
Columns127through132
-0.9511-0.9613-0.9703-0.9781-0.9848-0.9903
Columns133through138
-0.9945-0.9976-0.9994-1.0000-0.9994-0.9976
Columns139through144
-0.9945-0.9903-0.9848-0.9781-0.9703-0.9613
Columns145through150
-0.9511-0.9397-0.9272-0.9135-0.8988-0.8829
Columns151through156
-0.8660-0.8480-0.8290-0.8090-0.7880-0.7660
Columns157through162
-0.7431-0.7193-0.6947-0.6691-0.6428-0.6157
Columns163through168
-0.5878-0.5592-0.5299-0.5000-0.4695-0.4384
Columns169through174
-0.4067-0.3746-0.3420-0.3090-0.2756-0.2419
Columns175through180
-0.2079-0.1736-0.1392-0.1045-0.0698-0.0349
Column181
-0.0000
>>y2=cos（t）
y2=
Columns1through6
1.00000.99940.99760.99450.99030.9848
Columns7through12
0.97810.97030.96130.95110.93970.9272
Columns13through18
0.91350.89880.88290.86600.84800.8290
Columns19through24
0.80900.78800.76600.74310.71930.6947
Columns25through30
0.66910.64280.61570.58780.55920.5299
Columns31through36
0.50000.46950.43840.40670.37460.3420
Columns37through42
0.30900.27560.24190.20790.17360.1392
Columns43through48
0.10450.06980.03490.0000-0.0349-0.0698
Columns49through54
-0.1045-0.1392-0.1736-0.2079-0.2419-0.2756
Columns55through60
-0.3090-0.3420-0.3746-0.4067-0.4384-0.4695
Columns61through66
-0.5000-0.5299-0.5592-0.5878-0.6157-0.6428
Columns67through72
-0.6691-0.6947-0.7193-0.7431-0.7660-0.7880
Columns73through78
-0.8090-0.8290-0.8480-0.8660-0.8829-0.8988
Columns79through84
-0.9135-0.9272-0.9397-0.9511-0.9613-0.9703
Columns85through90
-0.9781-0.9848-0.9903-0.9945-0.9976-0.9994
Columns91through96
-1.0000-0.9994-0.9976-0.9945-0.9903-0.9848
Col
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