人教版七年级英语下册第十一单元短语语法归纳练习.docx

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人教版七年级英语下册第十一单元短语语法归纳练习.docx

人教版七年级英语下册第十一单元短语语法归纳练习

人教版七年级英语下册第十一单元短语语法归纳练习

第一部分【重点短语】给奶牛挤奶

骑马

去钓鱼

喂鸡

goforawalkshowsb.aroundquitealot/quitealotof+n.

learnalotaboutsth.growstrawberriespickstrawberriespickup

takesth.homeinthecountryside

worry+that从句worryabout……/beworriedabout……

lastweekcomeout

Itwassomuchfun.havesomuchfun.

anartmuseumthesciencemuseum

goonatrip

alongtheway

makeamodelrobotbuysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.

allinallit’sdifficult(forsb.)todosth.

notatallbeinterestedin(doing)sth.

【答案】从左至右:

milkacow;gofishing;rideahorse;feed

chickens;去散步=takeawalk;带领某人参观;相当多的;关于…

学到很多;种草莓;摘草莓;捡起/接某人;带…回家;在农村;担

心……;担心某人某事;上周;出来/出版/开花;如此有趣;玩得

非常开心;一个艺术博物馆;科学博物馆;去旅行;沿途;制作一个

机器人模型;为某人买某物;总之;对某人来说做某事很困难;根本不/一点也不;对(做)…感兴趣

第二部分【重点语法】

一、一般过去时

1.定义

一般过去时表示过去某个时间或一段时间内发生的动作或状态;也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

e.g.

Igotupat7:

00yesterday.我昨天7点起床。

Ivisitedmygrandparentslastweek.我上周看望了我的祖父母。

Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.去年他总是乘公交车去上班。

Shewenttothecinemaonceamonthwhenshewasatschool.她上学时每个月去看一场电影。

2.时间标志词

1)yesterday或以其构成的短语yesterdaymorning,yesterday

afternoon,thedaybeforeyesterday

2)“时间段+ago”amomentago,twodaysago

3)“last+时间名词”lastnight/year/week,

4)in1999,inthepast,atthattime,justnow等

3.一般现在时的结构及句型变化

结构:

一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式:

(1)谓语动词为be动词时

肯定句:

主语+was/were+其它.

否定句:

主语+was/were+not+其它(wasnot=wasn’twerenot=weren’t)

一般疑问句:

was/were+主语+其它

e.g.

Iwaslateyesterday.TheywereinChinalastyear.

Iwasnotlateyesterday.Theyweren’tinChinalastyear.

Wereyoulateyesterday?

WeretheyinChinalastyear?

肯定回答:

Yes,Iwas.Yes,theywere.

否定回答:

No,Iwasn't.No,they

weren’t

缩写形式:

wasnot=wasn’t;werenot=;

【注意】shewas可以缩写吗?

Theywere可以缩写吗?

(2)谓语动词为实义动词时

肯定句:

主语+动词过去式+其它.LiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning.

否定句:

主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它.LiMingdidn'tstudyEnglishthismorning.

一般疑问句:

Did+主语+动词原形+其它.DidLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?

肯定回答:

Yes,hedid.

否定回答:

No,hedidn't.

【注意】1.谓语动词为实义动词时,变否定句和一般疑问句都找助动

词did来帮忙(过去时不分人称和单复数,都是加did或didnot)2.前面出现了助动词,后面的动词一律用原形。

(还原)

3.变一般疑问句时,一问一答的关系当中,第一人称和第二人称要互换。

【练习】改写句子

1、Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.

否定句:

___________________________________________

一般疑问句:

_______________________________________

肯定回答:

_________________________________________

否定回答:

_________________________________________

2Theyplayedfootballontheplaygroundyesterdayafternoon.

否定句:

__________________________________________

一般疑问句:

______________________________________

肯定回答:

________________________________________

否定回答:

________________________________________

【了解】谓语动词为情态动词时:

(情态动词can,may,haveto等等。

肯定句:

主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形+其它

Theoldmancouldswim30yearsago.

否定句:

主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形+其它

Theoldmancouldn’tswim30yearsago.

一般疑问句:

情态动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其它

Couldtheoldmanswim30yearsago?

肯定回答:

Yes,hecould.

否定回答:

No,hecouldn’t.

常用情态动词过去式如下:

can—couldmay―mightshall―shouldwill―would

5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句:

◆特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?

WhatdidJimdoyesterday?

◆特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它?

Whowasyoursister?

练习:

对划线部分提问

1.Mymotherdidherhouseworkathomelastnight.

didyourmotherdoherhouseworklastnight?

2.TheyplayedPing-PongwithTom.

didtheyplayPing-Pongwith?

6、动词的过去式

动词过去式构成:

分为规则动词和不规则动词。

①规则动词:

构成规则

例词

一般情况下在动词原形末尾加help----helped

-ed

结尾是e的动词加-d

talk---talked

live---lived

arrive---arrived

hope---hoped

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭Stop-stopped

音节词,先双写这个字母,再加Plan---planned

-ed

结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,Study---studied

先变“y”为“i”,再加-ed.Carry---carried

Worry---worried

②:

不规则动词:

详见课本P141“不规则动词表”

go---wenttake----tookride----rodefeed----fed

see---saw

grow---grewhave/has---hadget---gotcome---came

think---thought

eat----atefly-flew

【注意】一些动词的过去式跟原形一样:

比如:

put---putcut----cutlet---letread---read等

【课堂练习】

一、写出下列动词的过去式

1.2.3.

look

4.

live

5.

stop

6.

carr

y

hopetrip

7.

8.

9.

callfiniswant

h

10.a11.go12.ha

re

13.d14.ge

ve

15.co

o

16.s

ay

19.e

t

17.se

e

20.ta

me

18.pu

t

21.re

atkead

二、用适当形式填空。

1.They____(be)onthefarmamomentago.

2.There____(be)atashopnotlongago.

3.Jenny___

_(notgo)tobeduntil11:

00o'clocklastnight.

4.Danny_____(read)Englishfiveminutesago.

5.I_____(see)LiLeigooutjustnow.

6.He____(do)hishomeworkeveryday.

7.WhenIwasyoung,I____(play)gameswithmyfriends.8.When____you_____(write)thisbook?

I_____

itlastyear.

9.Didhe____(have)lunchathome?

9.I_____(eat)thebread,I'mfullnow.

【答案】were;were;didn’tgo;read;saw;did;played;didwritewrote;have;ate

【综合练习】

一、单项选择:

1.Shelivedtherebeforehe____toChina

A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming

2.Whendidyou____here?

A.gottoB.reachedC.arrivedinD.reach

3.JohnandItovisithisgrandparentslastSundayafternoon.(重2017B)

A.goB.wentC.willgoD.goes

4.-Whydidn’tyoubuyanybread?

(重2015B)

-Sorry,I.

A.forgotB.forgetC.rememberD.remembered

二、完成句子

1.Theydidn’tarriveontimebecausetheygotuplate.对划线部分提问(重2017A)

____________theyarriveontime?

2.ThegirlboughtlotsofclothesonthedayofDouble11lastyear.对划线部分提问(重2016B)

____________thegirldoonthedayofDouble11lastyear?

3.LinLicookedforherparentsonSundays.对划线部分提问

LinLiforherparents?

【答案】ADBA;Whydid;Whatdid;Whendidcook

二、重点句型短语

1.Didyoulearnanything?

“你学到了什么东西?

anything“一些,某些”,常用于否定句及疑问句。

e.g.Isthereanythingtoeatinyourhouse?

Thereisn’tanythinginmybag.

[注意]

1)anything后面有形容词修饰时,形容词只能放后面:

anythinginteresting

2)anything也可用于肯定句,常译为“任何事物,任何东西”

【拓展】---复合不定代词

(1)分类-完成表格

someanynoevery

thing

one

body

(2)考点及用法

①由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

EveryoneinChinalikestheSpringFestival.在中国,人人都喜欢春节。

Everythingisready.(be)

一切都准备好了.

②some系列的词项是肯定词,主要用于肯定句;

any系列的词项是非肯定词,主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中。

它们都既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。

Thereissomethingwrongwithher.→Thereisn’tanythingwrongwithher.

Thereisn'tanyoneintheclassroom.教室里没有人。

Isthereanymeatinthekitchen?

厨房里还有肉吗?

Ihavesomethingtotellyou.

句:

【答案】Idon’thaveanythingtotellyou./Ihavenothingtotellyou.

【注意】

在Wouldyou/Couldyou……?

之类的表达请求许可问句中用some,不用any。

(特殊情况:

表达委婉语气时)

--Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?

--Yes,I’dliketo.Somebeef,please.

③形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词时,通常放在不定代词的后面。

Pleaseshowmesomethinggreat.nothinginteresting

CanIhavesomethingtoeat?

[练习]

1.I’mhungry.Iwant______toeat.

A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing2.-Doyouhave______tosayforyourself?

-No,Ihave______tosay.

A.something;everythingB.nothing;somethingC.everything;anythingD.anything;nothing

3.Everything______ready.Wecanstartnow.

A.areB.isC.beD.were

4.There’s______withhiseyes.He’sOK.

A.anythingwrongB.wrongsomethingC.nothingwrongD.wrongnothing

【答案】BDBC

2.Howwasyourtriplastweek?

本句回答常用:

Itwasgreat/good/OK/excellent/wonderful.或者Itwasn'tgood.等

【句型结构】How+be+主语?

=What+be+主语+like?

“……怎么样”

e.g.Howwasyourschooltrip?

=Whatwasyourschooltriplike?

[翻译]-你的寒假怎么样?

Howwasyourwintervacation?

?

3.worry动词,过去式:

worried;“担心,担忧”Nothingworriesme.没有什么让我担心.

①worry+that从句(that可省略).

e.g.Weworrieditwouldrain.“我们担心会下雨”

[翻译]Tom担心没人喜欢他的工作。

Tomthatwilllikehisjob.worries;nobody

②重点短语:

Worryaboutsb/sth.=beworriedaboutsb./sth.担心某人/某事

e.g.Don'tworryaboutme.不要担心我。

Mybestfriendisworriedaboutme.我好朋友担心着我。

[翻译]

1)

2)

家长们担心孩子们的健康。

我爸担心我的英语学习。

【答案】Parentsworryaboutchildren’shealth./MyfatherworriesaboutmyEnglish.

4.fastadj.形容词,“快的”

e.g.Thetrainissofast.=Thetrainissoquick.=Thisisafasttrain.

adv.副词,“快地”;=quickly

例句:

Thetraingoessofast/quickly.[反义词]

slow形容词,“缓慢的”

slowly副词,“缓慢地”

【练习】

Duringtherace,therabbitruns,buttheturtle(乌龟)runs.

【答案】fast/quickly;slowly

5.teachsb.sth.教某人某事。

TeachmeEnglish.

teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事。

Mydadtaughtmetodothecleaning.

teachhowtodosth.“教怎样做某事”。

Sheteachesmehowtomakezongzi.

【拓展】宾语从句里,当从句主语与主句所表达的sb.一致,可将从句转变为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

例句:

Theguidetaughtushowtomakeamodelrobot.=Theguidetaughtushowwecanmakeamodelrobot.

Katedoesn'tknowwhatsheshoulddo.

=Katedoesn'tknowwhattodo.

第三部分【课堂练习】

I.单项选择

1.-Wherehegoonvacation?

-Hewenttothemountains.A.isB.doesC.doesD.did

1.Iamlookingforabirthdaygiftformymother,ButIdidn'tfindgoodinthemarket.

Thisisnotgood,either.Canyoushowmeone?

A.anything;anotherB.something;another

C.something;theotherD.anything;other

3-Hey!

Howweretheassistantsinthestore?

-veryfriendly.

A.TheyareB.TheywereC.TheydidD.Theydo

4._________there__________muttonandvegetablesinthenoodles?

A.Is;anyB.Is;someC.Are;anyD.Are;some

5.Whenhe________young,he________agoodchild.

A.is;isB.was;wasC.is;wasD.were;was6.Wehadgreatfuninthebeach.

A.toplayB.playingC.playD.played

7.—________didyoudo?

—Iwenttothesupermarkettobuysomething.

A.WhereB.WhenC.WhatD.How

8.-Didyourparentssleeplateonweekends?

-.

A.Yes,theydidB.No,theydon’tC.Yes,theywere.D.No,theydid.

9.-Howyourvacation?

-Itwasgreat!

A.isB.didC.willbeD.was

10.MartinisinterestedinChinese.HewantstocometoChinasomeday.

A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learns

11.---HaveyoueverreadthebookHarryPotter?

---Yes,andIthinkit'svery.Iwanttoreaditagain.

A.boringB.excitingC.boredD.excited

12.LastSundayevening,wemyaunt.Shemeatforus.

A.visit;cookB.visited;cookedC.visit;cookedD.

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