词短语词组.docx

词短语词组.docx

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词短语词组

南方培训学校

四六级综合写作

词类

（一）64写作必背单词和短语

（二）30最经典的替换词

短语类

（三）452实用短语

（四）89作文短语和搭配

（五）5类英语翻译与写作常用分类动宾词组

句类

（六）12基本作文过关技巧句型

（七）50高级作文表达句型和用法

（八）200写作必备句

（一）64写作必背单词和短语

1.counterproductiveadj.产生相反效果（结果）的，事与愿违的

e.g.Itiscounterproductivetobetootough:

itjustmakesthestaffresentful.

e.g.Althoughthespeakeroverlookscertaincircumstancesinwhichundueskepticismmightbecounterproductive,andevenharmful,onbalanceIagreethatweshouldnotpassivelyacceptwhateverispassedoffasfact;otherwise,humanknowledgewouldneveradvance.

2.seminaladj.萌芽的，潜在的；开创性的；有重大影响的

e.g.intheseminalstate（在萌芽状态）||seminalthoughts||seminalprinciple（基本原则）

e.g.aseminalbook/poet||Thisexperimentwastohaveaseminalinfluenceonhisownpoliticaldevelopment.

3.forgov.放弃=relinquish

e.g.Thechoicetoforgohissecurityisalwaysavailable,althoughitmightcarryunpleasantconsequence.

4.intuitionn.直觉

e.g.Iwilltrustmystrongintuitionthatfreewillisanessentialpartofourbeingashumans.

5.satisfyv.证明是正当的，公证的；为…寻找正当理由

e.g.Suchactioncanbesatisfiedonthegroundsofgreaterefficiency.

e.g.Inthefinalanalysis,governmentcannotphilosophicallysatisfyassistinglargecitiesforthepurposeofeitherpromotingorpreservingthenation'sculturaltraditions;norisgovernmentassistancenecessarytowardtheseends.

6.resortto…诉诸…

e.g.thereisnonecessitytoresorttoviolentactionssuchasdemonstration,riotorrebel.

7.hingeon=dependon…以…为转移

e.g.Theclaimthatsociety’sdestinyhingesonhowchildrenaresocialized,whileappealinginsomerespects,isanover-statementatbest.

8.atbest最多，充其量；以最乐观的观点来看

9.collaborateto…

e.g.Forexample,scientists,researchers,andevencomputerprogrammersmustcollaboratetoestablishcommongoals,coordinateefforts,andmeettimelines.

10.lendsomecredenceto…提供支持

e.g.Whileoureverydayexperiencemightlendcredencetothisassertion.

e.g.Recentadvancesinmolecularbiologyandgeneticslendsomecredencetothisposition,bysuggestingthatthesedeterminingphysicalforcesincludeourownindividualgeneticmakeup.

11.dimensionn.大小；体积；程度；范围

e.g.acreatureofhugedimensions.||Ididnotrealizethedimensionsoftheproblem.

e.g.Thereisadimensiontotheproblemthatwehavenotdiscussed.||variousdimensionsofhumanexperience.

12.detractorn.损毁者；贬低者

13.amountto…相当于；等于

e.g.Whatyousayamountstoadirectaccusation.

e.g.Evenwhereafictionworkamountstopurefantasy,withnohistoricalcontext,itcanstillholdmorelastingsignificancethanafactualaccount.

14.fruitionn.享用,结果实,成就,实现

e.g.Itisthefamousfewthatprovidevisionofthefuture,visionswhichgroupsthenbringtofruition.

e.g.bringone'splanstofruition||Afteryearsofhardwork,hishopescametofruition.

reapv.收获；收割

e.g.Theconsumerreapsrichrewardsfromthiscompetitivespirit.

15.inspirev.激励或鼓舞

e.g.Tobeginwith,learningaboutkeyhistoricalfiguresinspiresustoachievegreatthingsourselves---farmoresothanlearningabouttheconditionsofgroupsofpeople.

16.providenecessaryimpetusfor…=givethefreshimpetusto给与…动力=推动

e.g.Itisalmostalwaysakeyindividualwhoprovidethenecessaryimputesforwhatotherwisemightbeagroupeffort,asdiscussedbelow.

17.favorv.赐予；给与

e.g.Hewasfavoredwithgreatintelligence.||adducefactstofavorone’scontention.

18.paradigmn.样式；典范；范例

e.g.educationalparadigms

19.obscurev.使阴暗；使朦胧;掩盖

e.g.Generallyspeaking,then,undueattentiontotheeffortsandcontributionsofvariousgroupstendstoobscurethecauseandeffectrelationshipwithwhichthestudyofhistoryischieflyconcerned.

20.takestepsto…采取措施…

e.g.takesteptohelpalleviatesocialproblems

21.serveusefulpurposesfor…有益于…

e.g.Iagreeinsofarassomecommoncorecurriculumwouldserveusefulpurposesforanynation

e.g.immediatedisclosurewouldhaveservednousefulpurposeandmightevenhaveresultedinmasshysteria.

22.nascentadj.初生的；萌芽的

e.g.inanascentcondition/stage/state||anascentindustry/literature/art

23.reacha（fullyinformed）consensusto…对于…达成共识

24.unfetteredadj.除去脚镣的；自由而不受约束的

25.irrespectiveofwhether…无论如何

e.g.Wemustinvestinresearchirrespectiveofwhethertheresultsmightbecontroversial.

26.drawadistinctionbetween…区分…

e.g.Oneusefulapproachistodrawadistinctionbetweenpersonalmoralityandpublicmorality.

27.catalystn.催化剂；刺激因素

e.g.circumstanceoftenservesasacatalystforheroism.

28.accountfor…解释原因

e.g.Thiscombinationofveryhighdensityofpopulation,goodsandservices,andmachines,allincreasingwithalmostbrutalspeed,doesaccountforsomereallyantisocialtendenciesinmodernurbangrowth.

29.provison.限制性条款；（附带）条件

e.g.Thecarpenteragreedtodothework,withtheprovisothathewaspaidinadvance.

e.g.Asidefromthetwoforgoingprovisos,however,Ifundamentallydisagreewiththespeaker’sclaim.

30.converselyadv.相反的

e.g.holdconverseopinions.||Withoutknowledge,wecanhardlysurvivethroughabominableconditions,dependingsolelyontheadmirationofthebeingsderivedfromimagination.Conversely,withoutimagination,wecanaswellnotpossibletogetthroughduetotheimpedimentofknowledgeandthedepletionofspiritualasylums.

31.corevaluesuponwhichany（democratic）societydependstothrive.一个社会赖以繁荣的价值核心

32.besuperior（in…）to…比更好，更优秀

e.g.thisengineissuperiorineveryaspecttothat.||whenevermovingimagesarecentraltoaneventthevideocameraissuperiortoawrittenword.

33.proceedingn.行动,进行,会议录,学报

e.g.legalproceeding||governmentalproceedings

34.thwartv.反对；妨碍；挫败=stymie

e.g.thegovernment’sstrategiesforthwartingspecificplansofaninternationalterroristoradrugtrafficker.

35.publicpanic公众恐慌

36.unprecedentedadj.空前的，史无前例的

e.g.thesocietyischangingataspeedwhichisquiteunprecedented.

37.inexorableadj.不可阻挡的；坚持不懈的；无情的

e.g.Factsareinexorable||theinexorablemarchofscience

38.Scienceisonthemarch.||themarchofscience/events/time

39.makegreateffort努力；makeeveryeffort尽一切努力；=straineverysinewtodo

overcomeamyriadofpoliticalimpediments克服政治障碍

40.amyriadof无数，数不清,许多

e.g.Eachgalaxycontainsamyriadofstars.

41.takeprecedenceover…居先于…;优先于…

e.g.Thisinterestmighttakeprecedenceoverthehistoricvalueofanoldstructurethatstandsinthewayofaparkingstructure.

42.strikeabalanceamongsth

43.AserveasasubstituteforB…取代…

AbesupercededbyB代替；取代

e.g.Pragmaticbehaviorguaranteessurvival,whereasidealisticviewstendtobesupercededbysimpler,moreimmediateoptions.

44.源自于，来源于：

emergefrom…（ineveryageandculturesomeworthwhileartandliteratureemergesfromthemediocrity.）

stemfrom…（prevailingattitudesaboutsexualmoralitystemfromtheideasofkeyreligiousleaders）

springfrom…（thisdesiretoidentifyoneselfwithanexclusivesocialgroupseemstospringfromsomeinnatepsychologicalneedtodefineone'sselfthroughone'spersonalassociations.）

45.坏影响；负面影响：

detrimentaleffectsof…（Inpolitics,thedetrimentaleffectsofcompetitionareblatant.）

negative/adverseeffectson/to…

46.名人

notablefigures

celebrity

elite

47.普遍；普及

prevailingadj.普遍的；流行的；占优势的（theprevailingviewinWesterncorporateculture||prevailingprinciple）

popularadj.

prevalentadj.（Thehabitoftravelingbyaircraftisbecomingmoreprevalenteachyear.）

48.灌输；教育

instillv.（Courtesymustbeinstilledinchildhood||Moralitymaybeinstilledintotheirminds）

inculcatev.（inculcatetheyoungwithasenseofduty.）

impartv.（Agoodteacherimpartswisdomtohispupils.）

fosterv.促进；养育,抚育,培养,鼓励（Frequentculturalexchangewillcertainlyhelpfosterfriendlyrelationsbetweenourtwouniversities.||detectandfosterartistictalent.||tofosteraninterestinmusic）

nurturev.养育,给与营养物,教养（Whilethespeakermightoverlookthebenefitsofnurturingcertainemotionsandfeels,onbalanceIagreethat…）

49.充满；装满

beladenwith…（Historyisladenwithunusualclaims||beladenwithresponsibility）

berepletewith…（Modernpoliticsisrepletewithexamplesofwhatmostpeoplewouldconsiderpersonalethicalfallings）

befraughtwith…（acomplexissuethatisfraughtwiththeproblemsofdefiningethics,morality,andsuccessfulleadership）

50.癖性；偏好

idiosyncraticadj.特性的；癖性的（Givenachoicetheywillpursuetheirownidiosyncraticareaofinterest.）

inclinationn.（followone'sowninclination||Ihavenoinclinationtobeadoctor.）

51.若干重；若干刃

adouble-edgedsword双刃剑

e.g.Thistypeofadvertisementcanbeadoubt-edgedsword,whentheproductdoesnotmaketheperson“belike”thepersonintheadvertisement,therecanbedisappointmentanddisillusionmentwiththeproduct.

atwo-edgedweapon双重武器

e.g.Asissooftenpointedout,knowledgeisatwo-edgedweaponwhichcanbeusedequallyforgoodorevil.

twofold/threefold/manifoldadj.双重/三重/多种

e.g.Wehavetoaskourselvesveryseriouslywhatwillhappenisthistwofolduseofknowledge,withitsever-increasingpower,continues.

e.g.TheCityCouncilhasamanifoldplantobeautifythecity.

52.havelittlebearingon…与…无关

e.g.Moreover,assistinglargecitieswouldhavelittlebearingonourdistinctculturaltraditions,whichabideelsewhere.

withrespectto…关于

e.g.Personaleconomicsuccessmightbedueeithertoone'sinvestmentstrategyortoone'sworkorcareer.Withrespecttotheformer,non-conformistswithenoughrisktoleranceandpatienceinvariablyachievemoresuccessthanconformists.Withrespecttothelatter,whilenon-conformistsaremorelikelytosucceedinnewerindustrieswheremarketsandtechnologyareinconstant