词短语词组.docx

1、词短语词组南方培训学校四六级综合写作词类（一） 64写作必背单词和短语（二）30最经典的替换词短语类（三）452实用短语（四） 89作文短语和搭配（五）5类英语翻译与写作常用分类动宾词组句类（六）12基本作文过关技巧句型（七）50高级作文表达句型和用法（八）200写作必备句（一）64写作必背单词和短语1. counterproductive adj.产生相反效果（结果）的，事与愿违的e.g. It is counterproductive to be too tough: it just makes the staff resentful.e.g. Although the speaker o

2、verlooks certain circumstances in which undue skepticism might be counterproductive, and even harmful, on balance I agree that we should not passively accept whatever is passed off as fact; otherwise, human knowledge would never advance.2. seminal adj.萌芽的，潜在的；开创性的；有重大影响的e.g. in the seminal state （在萌

3、芽状态）| seminal thoughts | seminal principle（基本原则）e.g. a seminal book/poet | This experiment was to have a seminal influence on his own political development.3. forgo v.放弃 =relinquishe.g.The choice to forgo his security is always available, although it might carry unpleasant consequence.4. intuition n

4、.直觉 e.g.I will trust my strong intuition that free will is an essential part of our being as humans.5. satisfy v.证明是正当的，公证的；为寻找正当理由e.g. Such action can be satisfied on the grounds of greater efficiency.e.g. In the final analysis, government cannot philosophically satisfy assisting large cities for t

5、he purpose of either promoting or preserving the nations cultural traditions; nor is government assistance necessary toward these ends.6. resort to 诉诸e.g.there is no necessity to resort to violent actions such as demonstration, riot or rebel.7. hinge on =depend on 以为转移e.g. The claim that societys de

6、stiny hinges on how children are socialized, while appealing in some respects, is an over-statement at best.8. at best 最多，充其量；以最乐观的观点来看9. collaborate to e.g. For example, scientists, researchers, and even computer programmers must collaborate to establish common goals, coordinate efforts, and meet t

7、ime lines.10. lend some credence to 提供支持e.g. While our everyday experience might lend credence to this assertion.e.g. Recent advances in molecular biology and genetics lend some credence to this position, by suggesting that these determining physical forces include our own individual genetic makeup.

8、11. dimension n.大小；体积；程度；范围e.g. a creature of huge dimensions. | I did not realize the dimensions of the problem.e.g. There is a dimension to the problem that we have not discussed. | various dimensions of human experience.12. detractor n.损毁者；贬低者13. amount to 相当于；等于e.g. What you say amounts to a dir

9、ect accusation.e.g. Even where a fiction work amounts to pure fantasy, with no historical context, it can still hold more lasting significance than a factual account.14. fruition n.享用, 结果实, 成就, 实现e.g. It is the famous few that provide vision of the future, visions which groups then bring to fruition

10、.e.g. bring ones plans to fruition | After years of hard work, his hopes came to fruition.reap v.收获；收割 e.g.The consumer reaps rich rewards from this competitive spirit.15. inspire v.激励或鼓舞e.g. To begin with, learning about key historical figures inspires us to achieve great things ourselves - far mor

11、e so than learning about the conditions of groups of people.16. provide necessary impetus for =give the fresh impetus to 给与动力=推动e.g. It is almost always a key individual who provide the necessary imputes for what otherwise might be a group effort, as discussed below.17. favor v.赐予；给与e.g. He was favo

12、red with great intelligence. | adduce facts to favor ones contention.18. paradigm n.样式；典范；范例 e.g. educational paradigms19. obscure v.使阴暗；使朦胧;掩盖e.g. Generally speaking, then, undue attention to the efforts and contributions of various groups tends to obscure the cause and effect relationship with whi

13、ch the study of history is chiefly concerned.20. take steps to 采取措施e.g.take step to help alleviate social problems21. serve useful purposes for 有益于e.g. I agree insofar as some common core curriculum would serve useful purposes for any natione.g. immediate disclosure would have served no useful purpo

14、se and might even have resulted in mass hysteria.22. nascent adj.初生的；萌芽的 e.g.in a nascent condition/stage/state | a nascent industry/ literature/art23. reach a （fully informed） consensus to 对于达成共识24. unfettered adj.除去脚镣的；自由而不受约束的25. irrespective of whether 无论如何e.g. We must invest in research irrespe

15、ctive of whether the results might be controversial.26. draw a distinction between 区分e.g.One useful approach is to draw a distinction between personal morality and public morality.27. catalyst n.催化剂；刺激因素e.g. circumstance often serves as a catalyst for heroism.28. account for 解释原因 e.g. This combinati

16、on of very high density of population, goods and services, and machines, all increasing with almost brutal speed, does account for some really antisocial tendencies in modern urban growth.29. proviso n.限制性条款；（附带）条件e.g. The carpenter agreed to do the work, with the proviso that he was paid in advance

17、.e.g. Aside from the two forgoing provisos, however, I fundamentally disagree with the speakers claim. 30. conversely adv.相反的 e.g. hold converse opinions. | Without knowledge, we can hardly survive through abominable conditions, depending solely on the admiration of the beings derived from imaginati

18、on. Conversely, without imagination, we can as well not possible to get through due to the impediment of knowledge and the depletion of spiritual asylums.31. core values upon which any ( democratic ) society depends to thrive. 一个社会赖以繁荣的价值核心32. be superior (in ) to 比更好，更优秀e.g. this engine is superior

19、 in every aspect to that. | whenever moving images are central to an event the video camera is superior to a written word.33. proceeding n.行动, 进行,会议录, 学报 e.g. legal proceeding | governmental proceedings34. thwart v.反对；妨碍；挫败=stymiee.g. the governments strategies for thwarting specific plans of an int

20、ernational terrorist or a drug trafficker.35. public panic 公众恐慌36. unprecedented adj.空前的，史无前例的 e.g.the society is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented.37. inexorable adj. 不可阻挡的；坚持不懈的；无情的 e.g.Facts are inexorable | the inexorable march of science38. Science is on the march. | the march of

21、 science/events/time39. make great effort 努力； make every effort 尽一切努力；=strain every sinew to doovercome a myriad of political impediments克服政治障碍40. a myriad of 无数，数不清, 许多e.g.Each galaxy contains a myriad of stars.41. take precedence over 居先于;优先于e.g. This interest might take precedence over the histor

22、ic value of an old structure that stands in the way of a parking structure.42. strike a balance among sth43. A serve as a substitute for B 取代A be superceded by B 代替；取代 e.g. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options.44. 源

23、自于，来源于：emerge from （in every age and culture some worthwhile art and literature emerges from the mediocrity.）stem from （prevailing attitudes about sexual morality stem from the ideas of key religious leaders）spring from (this desire to identify oneself with an exclusive social group seems to spring

24、from some innate psychological need to define ones self through ones personal associations.)45. 坏影响；负面影响：detrimental effects of （In politics, the detrimental effects of competition are blatant.）negative/adverse effects on/to 46. 名人notable figurescelebrityelite47. 普遍；普及prevailing adj.普遍的；流行的；占优势的 （th

25、e prevailing view in Western corporate culture | prevailing principle）popular adj.prevalent adj. （The habit of traveling by aircraft is becoming more prevalent each year.）48. 灌输；教育instill v. （Courtesy must be instilled in childhood | Morality may be instilled into their minds）inculcate v. （inculcate

26、 the young with a sense of duty.）impart v. （A good teacher imparts wisdom to his pupils.）foster v.促进；养育, 抚育, 培养, 鼓励（Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities. | detect and foster artistic talent. | to foster an interest in music）nurture v.养

27、育, 给与营养物, 教养 （While the speaker might overlook the benefits of nurturing certain emotions and feels, on balance I agree that ）49. 充满；装满be laden with （History is laden with unusual claims | be laden with responsibility）be replete with （Modern politics is replete with examples of what most people woul

28、d consider personal ethical fallings）be fraught with (a complex issue that is fraught with the problems of defining ethics, morality, and successful leadership）50. 癖性；偏好idiosyncratic adj.特性的；癖性的 （Given a choice they will pursue their own idiosyncratic area of interest.）inclination n. （follow ones ow

29、n inclination | I have no inclination to be a doctor.）51. 若干重；若干刃a double-edged sword 双刃剑e.g. This type of advertisement can be a doubt-edged sword, when the product does not make the person “be like” the person in the advertisement, there can be disappointment and disillusionment with the product.a

30、 two-edged weapon 双重武器e.g. As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.twofold/threefold/manifold adj.双重/三重/多种e.g. We have to ask ourselves very seriously what will happen is this twofold use of knowledge, with its ever-increasing power, con

31、tinues.e.g. The City Council has a manifold plan to beautify the city.52. have little bearing on 与无关e.g. Moreover, assisting large cities would have little bearing on our distinct cultural traditions, which abide elsewhere.with respect to 关于e.g. Personal economic success might be due either to ones

32、investment strategy or to ones work or career. With respect to the former, non-conformists with enough risk tolerance and patience invariably achieve more success than conformists. With respect to the latter, while non-conformists are more likely to succeed in newer industries where markets and technology are in constant