新东方英语四六级专题八虚拟语气.docx

新东方英语四六级专题八虚拟语气.docx

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新东方英语四六级专题八虚拟语气

一、虚拟语气

If

1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用

真实条件句

Ifthewinterisgone,Iwillbewaitingforyouonsnow.

Iftheworldisgone,Iwillbewaitingforyouintheheaven.

Ifyouaregone,Iwillbemissingyouintears.

IfIamgone,Iwillbefindingapersontotakecareofyou.

表示虚拟的时间

If条件句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

现在

were/did

would（couldshould,might）+do

IfIwereinyourplace,Iwouldnotreturnthecall.

过去

haddone

would（could,should,might）+havedone

Ifshehadfurtherconsideredtheproblem,shemighthavecometothecorrectconclusion.

将来

wereto/should+do

would（could,should,might）+do

Ifyouwereto/shoudgotothestreettomrrow,youwouldbeabletoseethefilmstar.

混合

根据具体的时间来决定所用的虚拟形式

IfIhadabike,IwouldhavelentittoTomyesterday,（条件含现在，事实为过去）

IfAlanhadfollowedtheDoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.（过去条件，现在事实）

[例]Theplatformwouldcollapseifallofyouonit.

A.standB.stoodC.wouldstandD.hadstood

[例]Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,yousuchabigmistake.

A.couldn’thavemadeB.couldn’tmakeC.didn’tmakeD.hadn’tmade

[例]yourhelp,we’dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.

A.HaditnotB.HaditnothadC.IfitwerenotD.Ifwehadnothad

[例]HadAlicebeenmorehardworking,she.

IfAlicehadbeenmore…

A.hadnotfailedB.wouldnothavefailedC.wouldnotfailD.couldnotbefailed

2特殊虚拟——虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的应用是一个常测项目：

常测的有withoutbutforotherwise等，此类测试题通常选择would（或shouldcouldmight）+havedone.

e.g.Thetrafficwasverybusy.otherwiseIhere50miuntessooner.

A.wouldbeB.shouldbeC.hadbeenD.wouldhavebeen

3.虚拟语气在以下从句中的应用也是一个常测项目。

情况

动词形式

Wish/ifonly 后的宾语从句

1．对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望时，宾语从句谓语动词用would（could.might）+动词原形；

2．表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或过去进行时。

3．对过去了生的事情表示遗憾后悔时，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时或could/wouldhavedone.

在It’s（highly/about）timethat从句中

That从句中的动词常用一般过去时

Wouldrather，wouldsooner，wouldjustassoon后的句子

常用一般过去时表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。

在suggestdemand,require,insist等动词的宾语从句中

1．坚持（insist）HeinsistedthatIshouldstaytodinner.

2．命令（command,order,direct）

3．建议（advise,propose,suggest,move）

4．要求（demand,require,request,askurge）

（should）+动词原形

在与suggestion,proposal,motion（动议）

requirement,order,decision,request,demand

plan,recommendation等词有关的表语从句和同位语从句中

在下列形容词、过去分词和名词作表语的

“It’s…that…“：

imporatnt,crucial,vital,necessary.essential,

advisable,reasonable.proper,impossible,strange

natural,suggested,requested,proposed,ordered.

Insisted,desired;apity,ashame,nowonder的句型中

Lest,forfearthat,incasethat引导的从句

[例]Itwasproposedthatthematterdiscussedatthenextmeeting.

A.willbeB.wasC.beD.wouldbe

[例]Wedesirethatthetourleaderusimmediatelyofanychangeinplans.

A.informB.informsC.informedD.hasinformed

[例]Itwasessentialthattheappicationformsbackbeforethedeadline.

A.mustbesentB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresent

[例]Iwishthattheweathernotsowarmnow.

A.wasB.wereC.beD.is

[例]LookattheterriblesituationIamin!

IfonlyIyouradvice!

A.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed

[例]Irememberthestoryasif.

A.IhadjustreaditB.IjustreaditC.IhavejustreaditD.justIreadit

[例]Iwouldratheryouyeaterday.

A.cameB.wouldcomeC.hadcomeD.willcome

[例]Thedriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestitwrong

A.hadgoneB.wentC.goesD.go

二、状语从句

1．时间状语从句

whenwhenever,as,whilebeforeafteruntiltill,sinceonce,assoonastheomment,theminute/instantinstantly…

2．地点状语从句

where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere

3．原因状语从句

because,assince,nowthat（既然；由于）,consideringthatonthegroundthatseeingthatinthat

4.结果状语从句

so…that,such…that,withtheresultthat

5.目的状语从句

sothat,inorderthatlestincase,forfearthat

6.条件状语从句

if,unless,supposing.aslongas,onconditionthat,suppose,provided（that）,butthat

7.让步状语从句

though,although,eventhough/if,nomatter…as

8.方式状语从句

as,asif/though,how,thewayJustas…so“正如…，也……”

9.比较状语从句

as…as,notso…as.,than,the…the

e.g.Nosoonerhadwereachedthetopofthehillweallsatdowntorest.

A.whenB.thenC.thanD.until

e.gAmanescapedfromtheprisonlastnight,Itwasalongtime.theguardsdiscoveredwhathadhappened.

A.beforeB.untilC.sinceD.when