上半年学士学位英语试题.docx

上半年学士学位英语试题.docx

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上半年学士学位英语试题

　 北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

Directions：

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（天线）。

Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear，scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth，addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asignofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna，"saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH，whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.

Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity，butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearlyl980s，withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.

Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers.butalargestudybytheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow‘steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism，theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting，buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance，ifany，ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown，theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation，”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden，wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects.”theywrote.

1.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisTRUE？

A.Cellphoneuseisdangerous.

B.Cellphoneusecausescancer.

C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.

D.Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.

2.DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.

A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone

B.shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain

C.shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity

D.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation

3.Accordingtothepassage，cellphoneswerelaunched_______.

A.inthelate1970sB.between1980and1985

B.inthelate1980sD.intheearly1990s

4.Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph？

A.Brainactivity.

B.Herresearchfindings.

C.Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.

D.Herresearchprogress.

5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage？

A.CellPhoneRadiation：

IsItHarmful？

B.CellPhoneRadiati0n：

IsItUseful？

C.CellPhoneRadiation：

IsItHealthy？

D.CellPhoneRadiation：

IsItWeak？

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？

Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew：

We'vebeendrivingwhile1isteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthel930s.ButthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers，whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM（即时通讯）conversations，watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.

Butwhat‘stheimpactofthismediaconsumption？

Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn，reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother？

Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions，buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.

（79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday‘sfast-pacedworkplace，manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework，playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV，aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.

Onthepositiveside，multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodemchildhoodcentersaroundvisual（视觉的）ratherthanprintmedia，theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.

Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanykidsleadhighlyscheduledlivesthatleavelittletimeforold—fashionedsocializingandfamilymeals.Indeed，manyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过重的）schedulesdrivemuchoftheirmultitasking.

Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatorstoteachkidsthatit‘svaluable，evenessential，tooccasionallyslowdown，unplugandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.

A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage？

B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout？

C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife？

D.What‘stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople？

7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.

A.Lowspeed

B.Toomuchtimealone.

C.highspeed

D.steadyspeed

8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents，whatcausestheirmultitasking？

A.Overcommittedschedules

B.Toomuchtimealone

C.Inabilitytofocus

D.Fearofbeingneglected

9.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE？

A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage.

B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool.

C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits.

D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday‘sfast-pacesworkenvironment.

10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids？

A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection.

B.Toseekmedicaltreatment.

C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife.

D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoalsPassage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil（化石）fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident，25yearsagoinChernobyl（切尔诺贝利）beginningtofadeinEuropeanmemories，governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope，whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas，andonheavilypollutingcoal—firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrisis，discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated.

（80）InGermany，nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades.Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recently，about40，000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope，”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants.”

Chancellor（总理）AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-fightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry‘s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressuretochangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave，”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan.

11.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE？

A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil.

B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels.

C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear.

D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies.

12.Accordingtothepassage，allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______

A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants

B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago

C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplants

D.theywantenergyindependence

13.Inthesecondparagraph，theauthormainlydiscusses_______.

A.thenuclearaccidentsinJapanlastMarch

B.nuclearpowerpoliciesinGermany

C.Germanattitudet