Reference guideReference Lists.docx

Reference guideReference Lists.docx

《Reference guideReference Lists.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Reference guideReference Lists.docx（31页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

ReferenceguideReferenceLists

ReferenceLISTattheendofapieceofwork

Attheendofapieceofworkyoumustlistthereferencestodocumentscitedinthetext（referencelist）andthosenotcitedinthetextbutwhichmakeanimportantcontributiontoyourwork（bibliography）.ThesearemorecommonlyreferredtoasReferences.

1.HarvardSystem

IntheHarvardSystemthereferencesarelistedinalphabeticalorderbyauthors’name.Ifyouhavecitedmorethanoneitembyaspecificauthortheyshouldbelistedchronologically（earliestfirst）,andbyletter（1993a,1993b）ifmorethanoneitemhasbeenpublishedduringaspecificyear.

Ifnoauthorisgiventhetitleisusedinboththereferencelistandcitationinthetext

Forplaceofpublicationgivethecity.Ifthecity/townisnotwellknownyoumayaddacountry/region/state.

Eachreferenceshouldusetheelementsandsomeformofthepunctuationgiveninthefollowingexamplesforthedifferenttypesofpublishedworksyouhavereferenced.

TheareseveralvariationsofpunctuationintheHarvardreferencesystem.Thesedifferencesaredependentonthestylechosenbytheinstitutioninquestion.

BOOK

GeneralFormat

Author’ssurname,INITIALS.（Yearofpublication）Titleofbook（initalics）,Edition（ifnotthefirst）,Publisher,Placeofpublication.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Mercer,P.A.&Smith,L.A.（2004）ModernTransportation,2nded.,Longman:

London.

–Mercer,P.A.andSmith,L.A.2004,ModernTransportation.2nded.Longman,London.

Translatedbook

–Cocteau,J1961,Lesenfantsterribles,trans.RLehmann,Penguin,London.

ACHAPTERINABOOK

GeneralFormat

Contributingauthor’ssurname,INITIALS.（Yearofpublication）Titleofcontribution,FollowedbyinINITIALS.Surnameofauthororeditorofpublicationfollowedbyed.,oreds.,Titleofbook（initalics）,Publisher,Placeofpublication,（optional）pagenumbersofcontribution

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Bantz,C.R.（1995）SocialDimensionsofSoftwareDevelopment,In:

N.J.Kritz,ed.,TransnationalJustice,UnitedStatesInstituteofPeacePress:

WashingtonD.C.,pp.120-122.

–Bantz,C.R.1995,‘SocialDimensionsofSoftwareDevelopment’,inN.J.Kritz,ed.,TransnationalJustice,UnitedStatesInstituteofPeacePress:

WashingtonD.C.:

120-122.

JOURNALARTICLE

GeneralFormat

Author’sSurname,INITIALS.（YearofPublication）‘TitleofArticle’,Journalname（initalics）,Volumenumber,issuenumber:

pagenumbersofcontribution.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Evans,A.（1994）‘ApproachestoIntelligentInformationRetrieval’,InformationProcessingandManagement,41（4）:

262-301.

–Evans,A.1994‘ApproachestoIntelligentInformationRetrieval’,InformationProcessingandManagement,vol.41,no.4,pp.262-301.

Accessedfromajournaldatabase

–Bennett,J.（2003）‘Environmentalvaluesandwaterpolicy’,AustralianGeographicalStudies,vol.41,no.3,pp.237-250,viewed8November2004,

Accessedfromawebsite

–Sprod,T.（1999）‘Philosophy,youngpeopleandwell-being’,YouthStudiesAustralia,18

（2）:

12-16,viewed28October2004,

//www.acys.utas.au/ysa/articles/index.html>.

Electronicjournal

–Kenley,M（2004）‘Thedyingtownsyndrome:

asurveyofurbandevelopmentintheWesternDistrictofVictoria’,ElectronicJournalofAustralianandNewZealandHistory,viewed10December2004,

//www.jcu.edu.au/aff/history/articles/keneley3.html>.

Accessedfromawebsiteinaformatdifferenttoprintversion-maynotgivepagenumbers

–Valentine,D.2004,‘Accesstohighereducation:

achallengetosocialworkeducators’,JournalofSocialWorkEducation,vol.4,no.2,viewed12December2004,

//www.cswe.org/>.

NEWSPAPERARTICLE

GeneralFormat

Author’sSurname,INITIALS.（ornewspapernameifnoauthorgiven）（Yearofpublication）‘TitleofArticle’,Newspapername,DayandMonth,Pagenumber/s.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Velasquez,B.（1998）‘MongoliaandtheWest’,NewYorkTimes,7January,p.28.

–Cauchi,S.2004‘World’sgreenmarkersonthebrink’.TheGuardian,16October,p.10.

Authorunknown

–TheGuardian（2004）‘World’sgreenmarkersonthebrink’,16October,p.10

CONFERENCEPAPER

GeneralFormat

Contributingauthor’sSurname,INITIALS.（Yearofpublication）‘Titleofcontribution’,followedbyIn:

INITIALS.Surname（ofeditorofproceedings（ifapplicable）followedbyed.）,TitleofConferenceincludingdateandplaceofconference,Publisher,placeofpublication,pagenumbers.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Silver,K.（1991）’ElectronicMail:

TheNewWaytoCommunicate’,In:

D.I.Raitt,ed.,9thInternationalOnlineInformationMeeting,London,5-9December1990,LearnedInformation:

Oxford,pp.323-330.

–Common,M2001,‘Theroleofeconomicsinnaturalheritagedecisionmaking’,inHeritageeconomics:

challengesforheritageconservationandsustainabledevelopmentinthe21stcentury:

proceedingsoftheInternationalSocietyforEcologicalEconomicsconference,Canberra,4July2000,AustralianHeritageCommission,Canberra

UNPUBLISHEDPAPERS

Example

–Byas,A2003,‘Familylaw:

oldshadowsandnewdirections’,paperpresentedtotheeighthAustralianInstituteofFamilyStudiesConference,Melbourne,12-14February.

–Sinclair,J,Knight,G&Merz,R1999,‘VideotransectanalysisofsubtidalhabitatsintheDampierArchipelago’,MuseumofWA.

GOVERNMENTPUBLICATIONS

GeneralFormat

Nameofagencyasauthor（Yearofpublication）TitleofPublication（initalics）,Publisher,PlaceofPublication,ReportNumber（whererelevant）.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–UNESCO（1993）GeneralInformationProgrammeandUNISIST,UNESCO:

Paris（PGI-93/WS/TU）.

Whenauthorsareknown

–UNESCO（1993）GeneralInformationProgrammeandUNISIST,researchreportpreparedbyD.Goodrum&L.Rennie,UNESCO:

Paris（PGI-93/WS/TU）.

Producedbyaconsultant

–Condon,J.R.（2004）Cancer,healthservicesandindigenousAustralians,reporttotheOfficeforAboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderHealth,DepartmentofHealthandaging,Canberra.

STATISTICS

GeneralFormat

NameofagencyasauthorYearofpublication,titleofpublication（initalics）,cataloguenumber（ifapplicable）,nameofpublisher,placeofpublication,dateofviewing,databasename,.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–AustralianBureauofStatistics2004,Australiansocialtrends2004,Cat.No.4102.0,AustralianBureauofStatistics,Canberra,viewed10thDecember2004,AusStats,

//www.abs.gov.au>.

MAPS

GeneralFormat

Originator’sSurname,INITIALS.（maybecartographer,surveyor,compiler,editor,copier,maker,engraver）（Yearofpublication）Title（initalics）,scale（shouldbegivenasratio）,Publisher,Placeofpublication.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Mason,J.（1832）MapoftheCountriesLyingBetweenSpainandIndia,1:

8,000,000,OrdnanceSurveyAssociation:

London.

PHOTOGRAPHS

GeneralFormat

Everytimeyouborrowapicture,painting,photograph,diagram,orotherimagefromasourcegiveareferenceentrythatlinkswithyourin-textcitation.Referencethesourceasnormalaccordingtothetype.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example（ofabook）

–Peters,J.（1996）ArtistsoftheTwentiethCentury,Macmillan:

London.

ENCYCLOPAEDIAorDICTIONARY

GeneralFormat

Author’sSurname,INITIALS.（Yearofpublication）‘Titleofentry’,innameofdictionary/encyclopaedia（initalics）,Publisher,Placeofpublication,pagenumbers.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Noentryisrequiredinthereferencelistofyouhavethenameanddateofthe

encyclopaediaordictionaryasanin-textreference（i.e.noattributableauthor）

Example

–Chilvers,I1998,'Funkart’,inTheOxforddictionaryof20thcenturyart,OxfordUniversityPress,Oxford,p.225.

.

THESES

GeneralFormat

Author’sSurname,INITIALS.（Yearofpublication）TitleofThesis,Award,NameofInstitutionunderwhoseauspicesthestudywastaken.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Byrne,M.（1996）Self-talkandtestanxiety,PhDthesis,MonashUniversity,Melbourne.

Ifaccessedelectronically

–Kurtz,T2003,Apsychologyofenvironmentallysustainablebehaviour,PhDthesis,MurdochUniversity,Perth,viewed11October2004,

//wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browser/view/ast-MU20040428.152013>.

WEBSITES

GeneralFormat

Author（personororganisation）Year（sitecreatedorrevised）,Name（andplaceifapplicable）ofsponsorofthesite,dateofviewingofthesite（datemonthyear）,.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–TherapeuticGoodsAdministration2004,DepartmentofHealthandAgeing,Canberra,viewed13October2004,

//www.tga.gov.au/recalls/index.htm>.

Websitedocuments–GeneralFormat

–Author/editorYearofdocument（createdorrevised）,titleofdocument（initalics）,nameofthesponsorofthesource,dateofviewing（datemonthyear）,.

Example

–DepartmentofEducation,ScienceandTraining2003,ThenationalreportonhighereducationinAustralia（2001）,DepartmentofEducation,ScienceandTraining,Canberra,viewed13October2004,

//www.dest.gov.su/highered/otherpub/national_report/default.htm>.

MEDIARELEASEONTHEWORLDWIDEWEB

GeneralFormat

Actor’ssurname,INITIALS.（Position）Year,titleofrelease（initalics）,mediarelease,dateofrelease（daymonth）,releasingbody/agency（includingplaceifapplicable）,dateofviewing（daymonthyear）,.

Remember,punctuationvariesinHarvard.

Example

–Pirelli,A（MinisterforTransportandRegionalServices）2003,CASAa