制浆原理与工程英语词汇.docx
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制浆原理与工程英语词汇
《制浆原理与工程》英汉词汇对照
A
Accepts:
良浆
Usablepulpthathaspassedthescreeningoperation.
Activealkali（AA）：
活性碱
Withrespecttokraftwhiteliquor,theamountofconcentrationofsodiumhydroxide（NaOH）plussodiumsulphide（Na2S）.
Alkalineextraction：
碱抽提
Bleachingstage（denotationE）forremovalofligninmadepotentiallysolublebythepreviousacidicoxidizingstageandtoreactivatethepulptofurtheroxidation.Mainchemicalapplied:
sodiumhydroxideNaOH.Canbeenhancedwithoxygen（EO）,hydrogenperoxide（EP）orboth（EOP）.
Alkalinepulping:
碱法制浆
Generaltermusuallydenotingthekraftprocess.However,thetermisalsoappliedtootherhighpHchemicalpulpingprocesses,suchassodaorsoda-oxygenpulping.
AOX：
可吸附有机卤化物
（Adsorbableorganichalogencompounds）Collectivetermfortheamountofchlorineboundinorganicpollutants,containedinwastewaterforinstance.
B
Back-pressureturbine：
背压式涡轮机
Steamturbine,fromwhichtheexhauststeamisnotcondensed,butistransportedandutilizedinanindustrialprocess.
Bagasse：
甘蔗
Thecrushedstalksofsugarcaneafterthesugarhasbeenextracted.Canbeusedasafibresourcefornonwoodpulping.
Bamboo：
竹
Giantwoodgrassthatisusedasafibresourceinnonwoodpulping.
Barking：
剥皮
Removingbarkfrompulpwoodpriortoprocessing.
Basisweight：
定量
Weightperunitareaofpaper.Synonym:
Grammage.
Batchcooking：
间歇蒸煮
Chemicalpulpingoperation,inwhichadiscretequantityorbatchofchipsisindividuallyprocessed.
Batchdigester：
间歇蒸煮锅
Largepressurevessel（150...400cubicmeters）usedforbatchwiseproductionofpulp.
Blackliquor：
黑液
SpentcookingliquoThepulpproductiondependsonthenumberofbatches（i.e.cooks）thatareprocessed.rfromakraftcook,containingdissolvedorganicmaterialandresidualalkalicompounds.
Bleachability：
漂白性能
Qualitativetermusedtodescribetherelativeeaseofwhichpulpcanbebleached.
Bleaching:
漂白
Chemicallytreatingapulptoalterthecoloringmattersothepulphasahigherbrightness.
Bleachingsequence：
漂白程序
Seriesofsubsequentbleachingstages,normallydescribedbyabbreviations（e.g.CEDEDwhichstandsfor"chlorination-alkalineextraction-chlorinedioxide-alkalineextraction-chlorinedioxide"）.
Blow：
放浆
Pulpdischargeunderpressurefromthedigester.
Blowline：
喷放管道
Pipelinewhichtransportsstockfromthedigestertotheblowtank.
Blowtank：
喷放锅
Largevesselintowhichpulpisblownattheendofacookandfromwhichthepulpispumpedtothenextprocessingstage.
BOD：
生物耗氧量
（BiologicalOxygenDemand）.Ameasureoftheamountofoxygenconsumedbymicroorganismsinbreakingdownorganicmatterineffluentduringacertainmethod.E.g.BOD7,biologicaloxygendemandduringsevendays.
Bonedry（b.d.）：
绝干
Moisturefree（alsotermedoven-dry,o.d.）.Apulporpaperwhichhasbeendriedtoaconstantweightatatemperatureof100to105oCinacompletelydryatmosphere.
Breakinglength：
裂断长
Measureofpulptensilestrengthwhichisindependentofthebasisweightofthepapersheet,equaltothelengthofpaperwhichwilljustsupportitsownweightwhenhungfreelyfromoneend.（Conversionfactor:
tensileindex（Nm/g）=9.81xbreakinglength（km））.
Brownstock：
粗浆
Unbleachedpulpfromanalkalinepulpingprocess.Thetermisderivedfromthedarkbrowncolorofthepulp.
Brightness：
亮度
Reflectivityofasheetofpulporpapermeasuredunderstandardizedconditions;usedtoindicatethedegreeof"whiteness".
Brightnessreversion：
回色
Atermappliedtopulpstoindicatelossofbrightnessduringnaturalorartificialagening.
Bulk：
松厚度
Ratioofthicknesstobasisweightofpaper.Adensesheethaslowbulk.
Burstingstrength耐破应力
Ameasureoftheabilityofpapertoresistrupturewhenpressureisappliedtooneofitssidesbyaspecificinstrument.
C
Carbohydrates：
碳水化合物
Themaincarbohydratesinwoodarepolysaccharidessuchascelluloseandhemicellulose.
CEDViscosity：
铜乙二胺粘度法
Testofcellulosesolutionviscositywhichindicatestheaveragelengthofthecellulosemolecules,i.e.thedegreeofpolymerization.
Cellulose：
纤维素
Chemically,apolymercomposedofglucosemonomers.Itisthemainconstituentofplantfibres.
Chelating：
鳌合
Chemicallycombiningwithametallicionintoa"coordinationcomplex".CommonchemicalsusedforchelationareEDTA（Ethylendiaminetetraacidicacid）andDTPA（Diethylenetetraminepentaacidicacid）.
Chemicalpulp：
化学浆
Pulpobtainedbydigestionofwoodwithsolutionsofvariouschemicals.
Chemicalrecoverycycle：
化学回收循环
Partofthepulpmill,inwhichthespentcookingchemicalsarerecycledandreconvertedintoactivecookingchemicals.
Chemimechanicalpulp：
化学机械浆
1.Pulpproducedwithacombinationofagentlechemicaltreatmentstageandmechanicaldefibration,suchasdiscrefining.Theyieldrangeis80to95%.
2.Subgroupofchemimechanicalpulps（alsocalledCMP）,producedwithrelativeseverechemicaltreartmentcombinedwithatmosphericrefining.Theyieldistypicallybelow90%.
Chemithermomechanicalpulp,CTMP：
化学热机械浆
Chemimechanicalpulpproducedwithrelativelylowchemicaldosescombinedwithpressurizedrefining.Theyieldistypicallyabove90%.
Chlorinenumber：
氯价
Testmethodfordeterminingthebleachrequirementofapulp.Itindicatesthenumberofgramsofchlorineconsumedby100gofpulpunderspecifiedconditions.
Chips：
木片
Choppedwoodpreparedforcokingtoproducechemicalpulporrefiningtoproducerefinermechanicalpulp.
Chipchute：
木片斜槽
Verticalconduitthroughwhichchipsfallfromthesteamingvesselintothehighpressurefeeder,acomponentofcontinuousdigestersystems.
Chipmeter：
木片装锅计量器
Deviceusedwiththecontinuousdigesterfeedsystemtocontrolthechipfeedrate.
Chlorination：
氯化（作用）
Ableachingstage（denotedC）usingelementalchlorineasbleachingagent.
Chlorine：
氯气
Greenish-yellowgasusedasableachingagent.Alsoknownasgaschlorineorelementalchlorine.
Chlorinedioxide：
二氧化氯
Yellowgasinsolutionasableachingagent.
Chop：
碎片
Short,chunkybundleofunseparatedfibresoccurringinmechanicalpulps.
Chromophor：
发色团
Chemicalgroupresponsibleforcolourin（woodandpulp）.
Classifier：
分离器
Termwithwideapplications.Usuallyreferstolaboratorydevicesforseparatingaqueoussuspensionofpulpfibresintovarious-sizefractions.
Cleaning：
净化
Removalofdirtandforeignmaterialfrompulpbycentrifugalaction.
Cleaners：
净化器
Vesselswhichremovedirtandforeignmaterialfrompulpbycentrifugalaction.
Closedsystem：
封闭系统
Systemwhereinwhitewaterorfiltrateismainlyrecirculatedandnotdischargedtowaste.
COD：
化学需氧量
（Chemicaloxygendemand）.Chemicaloxygen-consumingsubstances.Ameasureoftheamountofoxygenrequiredforthetotalchemicalbreakdownoforganicsubstancesinwater.
Coldblow：
冷法喷放
Pressureejectionofcookedpulpfromabatchorcontinuousdigesterafterthepulphasbeencooledtobelow100oC.Thecoolingstepreducesdamagetothefibres.
Coldsodapulp：
冷碱浆
Asemichemicalpulpgenerallyproducedfromhardwoodsbyroomtemperaturetreatmentwithsodiumhydroxidefollowedbymechanicalfiberizing.
Condensate：
冷凝水
Anymaterialthathascondensedfromagaseousphaseintoaliquidphase.Usuallyreferstowaterthathascondensedfromsteaminaheatexchangeprocess.
Coniferoustrees：
松柏
Cone-bearingandevergreentrees,suchasspruce,pine,hemlock,balsam.Alsotermedsoftwoodtrees.
Consistency：
浓度
Weightpercentageofpulpinapulpandwatermixture.
Continuouscooking：
连续蒸煮
Chemicalpulpingoperationinwhichwoodchipsandcookingliquorarefedataconstantrateintothedigesterandmoveincontinuousfashionthroughsuccessivezonesorstagesofequipment.
Continuousdigester：
连续蒸煮器
Digestersystemforcontinuouscooking.
Cooking：
蒸煮
Treatingfibrousmaterialswithchemicalsunderheatandpressuretoproducepulpforpapermaking.
Cookingzone：
蒸煮区
Sectionwithinacontinuousdigesterinwhichthemajorportionofthecookingreactionsoccur;thesectioninwhichthechipmassisatornearthemaximumcookingtemperature.
Cord：
量木材尺度单位
Usuallyapileofpulpwood8feetlong,4feetwideand4feethigh,containing128cubicfeet.
Countercurrentcooking：
对流蒸煮
Cookingtechniqueforakraftcontinuousdigesterwhereincookingliquorandheatareintroducedatthepointwherepulpisremoved;theliquorthenmovescountercurrentlytothechipmassflowuntilitisextractedasblackliquorthroughtheextractionscreens.
Cunit：
原木材积单位
Atermusedinthemeasurementofpulpwood,i.e.100cubicfeetofsolidwood,barkexcluded.Onecunitcorrespondsto2.83cubicmeterofwood.
D
Debarking：
剥皮
Removingbarkfrompulpwoodpriortoprocessing.
Deciduoustrees：
阔叶木
Hardwoodsorbroad-leavedtreeswhichlosetheirleavesinwinter,suchasbirch,aspen,mapleandcottonwood.
Degreeofdelignification：
脱木素程度
Amountofdelignificationasmeasuredbythekappanumbertestorothercomparablemethodofdeterminingresiduallignin.（Synonym:
Degreeofcooking）.
Delignification：
脱木素
Removalofallpartoftheligninfromwoodorplantmaterialbychemicaltreatment.Chemicalpulpingandtheinitialstagesofbleachingareexamplesofdelignification.
Degreeofpolymerization（DP）：
聚合度
Asappliedtocellulose,referstotheaveragenumberofglucoseunitineachcellulosemoleculeofapulpsample.UsuallydeterminedbytheCEDviscositytest.
Deinking：
脱墨
Removalofinkandotherextraneousmaterialsfromprinted,reclaimedpapersbymechanicaldisintegrationandchemicaltreatment,withsubsequentwashingorflotationseparation.
Diffusion：
扩散作用
Diffusioninimpregnationofwoodchips:
movementofionsandmoleculesfromanareaofhighconcentration（e.g.thefreecookingliquo
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