XX八年级上册英语unit13知识点及语法人教版.docx
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XX八年级上册英语unit13知识点及语法人教版
XX八年级上册英语unit1-3知识点及语法(人教版)
课
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Unit1
.wehadgreatfunplayinginthewater.
我们在水中玩得很高兴。
havefundoingsth.
做某事很高兴=enjoyoneself
wehadalotoffunswimminginthesea.
Ihavegreatfuntalkingwiththatlittlegirl.
练一练Ihaveagoodtimeonthebeach.
I______________onthebeach.
wehavefun______and______.
2.Ifoundasmallboycryinginthecorner.
我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭。
findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事
Hesatdownandwatchedwangwangplaywithafriendblackcat.
感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,listento,lookat,find
(1)感官动词+宾语+动词原形强调看到/听到整个动作,或整个事件或行为的全过程
(2)感官动词+宾语+现在分词强调看到/听到行动或事件正在进行
Isawhimcrossthestreet.
我看见他过了马路。
(从一边到另一边)
Isawhimcrossingthestreet.我看见他正过马路。
(正在马路中间走着)
练一练Ifoundadog______nearthedoor.
A.wasstanding
B.tostand
c.stand
D.stood
Sheheardalittleboy______English.
A.reading
B.reads
c.toread
D.isreading
3.Thatmademefeelveryhappy.那使我感到很愉快。
makesb.dosth.
使某人做某事
使役动词
have,let,make后跟不带to的不定式作宾补
Letmehelpyou.
I’llhavehimbringsomewater.
练一练Helpingotherscanmakeus______veryhappy.
A.feeling
B.tofeel
c.feel
D.felt
They_____theboyleaveatonce.
A.asked
B.told
c.kept
D.made
motheroften______me______myhomeworkaftersupper.
A.makes,doing
B.lets,doing
c.watched,todo
D.makes,do
Unit2
.Howoftendoyouexercise?
→Howoften+助动词do+主语+dosth.?
疑问词howoften是问频率,在这里助动词do是起帮助构成疑问的作用
onceaweek/Threetimesamonth/Threeorfourtimesamonth.
练习.—______is“Lucky52”shownonccTV-2?
—Everyweek.(XX年,黄冈)
A.Howoften
B.Howlong
c.Howsoon
D.Howmanytimes
2.asfor...意思是“至于;关于”,常用于句首作状语,其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。
如
Asforhim,Ineverwanttoseehimhere.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。
.________clothes,shelikesclothesinfashion.
3.wanttodosth.意思是“想要做某事”;
wantsb.todosth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。
如:
Doyouwanttogotothemovieswithme?
你想和我一起去看电影吗?
Theteacherdoesn'twantustoeathamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。
练习:
Hismotherwantshim___athometoday.
A.stays
B.stayed
c.tostay
D.staying
4.begoodfor...表示“对……有益(有好处)”。
其反义为:
bebadfor...。
后接名词、代词或动名词;begoodat意为“擅长……”,后接名词、代词或ving形式。
begoodwith意为“灵巧的;与……相处得好”;begoodto意为“对……友好。
.1thinkdrinkingmilkisgood____ourhealth.
A.for
B.to
c.with
D.at
5.trytodosth.表示“尽力做某事”,不包含是否成功的意思/trydoingsth.表示“(用某一办法)试着去做某事”。
如:
you’dbettertrydoingtheexperimentinanotherway.你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。
练习:
Hemust_____hissisterwithhermath.
A.tryhelp
B.tryingtohelp
c.trystohelp
D.trytohelp
6.helpsb.dosth.帮助某人做某事
.练习:
Eatingfruitandvegetablescanhelpyou______morevitamins
A.got
B.getting
c.toget
D.gets
7.bethesameas和…一样/反义词:
bedifferentfrom和…不同
练习:
1.Lifeinthecountryisquite_______
thatinthecity.
A.thesame
B.differentfrom
c.fullof
D.thesameas
2.Isyourpen_______jim’s?
A.sameas
B.thesame
c.thesamewith
D.thesameas
8.kindof=alittle/
akindof意思是“一种”
练习:
Howmany______medicineareusedforthechildrenofsixyearsold?
A.kindof
B.kindsof
c.kind
D.kinds
9.keepingoodhealth=keephealthy=stayhealthy=behealthy保持健康
Thatsoundsinteresting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。
sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得),get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。
如:
Ittastesgood.这味道好。
Themusicsoundsverysweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。
练习:
weshouldkeepourclassroom______.
A.cleaned
B.clean
c.cleaning
D.toclean
10.although意思是“虽然,尽管”引导的从句不能与but,however连用,但可与yet,still连用。
although不能指假设的情况,不能作副词,放在词尾。
练习:
Althoughheisveryold,______heworksveryhard.
A.and B.but
c./ D.so
Unit3
.
I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.→主语+动词+形容词比较级别+than+比较对象
练习:
Idon’tthinkHenryis_____thanTony.
A.muchpopular
B.morepopular
c.popular
D.mostpopular
2.insomeways在某些方面;inmanyways在多方面
3.enjoydoingsth.=love\likedoingsth.喜欢做某事
练习:
Sheenjoys_____basketballonSundays
A.play
Btoplay
c
playing
Dhaveplayed
4.as/so+形容词/副词(原形)+as和……一样
它的否定式是:
notas/so+形容词/副词(原形)+as和……不一样
练习:
Thismathproblemis_______thatone.
A.notsoeasyasB.moreeasythanc.aseasierasD.easythan
5.all用于三者或三者以上;both用于两者。
同时要注意它们在句中的位置,即位于连系动词(be),助动词(be,will,shall,should等),情态动词(can,may,must,haveto等)的后面;其它动词的前面。
同步练习
.Therearelotsofcolorfulon
_______sidesofthestreets.
A.each
B.both
c.either
D.all
2.whatareyourparents?
They
doctors.
A.areall
B.areboth
c.allare
D.bothare
6.makesb.dosth.使某人做某事
练习:
.Thebossmakestheworker_______10hourseveryday.
A.work
B.towork
c.working
D.works
.2.mrBeanenjoys
_______jokesandoftenmakesus
_______.
A.totell;tolaugh
B.tells;laugh
c.telling;laughD.telling;laughing
7.stopdoingsth.意为“停止(正在)做的事情”
/stoptodosth.意为“停下(正在做的事)去做某事”
语法:
.一般过去时
.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
动词过去式变化规则:
.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:
pull-pulled,cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如:
taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:
study-studied
同步练习
.GaoShan_______upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.
2.I____________theflooryesterday,butmymother______.
3what_____she_____inthegardenlastmorning?
She____abeautifulbutterfly.
4.It____Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday
0.weall___agoodtimelastnight.
5..He_____highonlastSportsDay.
2.Helen____acowonFridays.
6..Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.
7.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.
8.jim’smother_________treesjustnow.
9._______they________theflooronSunday?
No,they_____.
0.I_______acartoononmondays.
8we____toschoolonSundays.
2,.英语形容词比较级的构成
:
英语形容词比较等级有三个:
原级,比较级和最高级。
形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
规则变化:
1)单音节词末尾加-er(比较级),-est(最高级)
【例】
smallsmallersmallest
2)单音节如以e结尾,只加-r(比较级),-st(最高级)
【例】
finefinerfinest
闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er(比较级),-est(最高级)
bigbiggerbiggest
少数以-y,-er,ow,-ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加-er(比较级),-est(最高级)。
以-y结尾的词,如-y前是辅音字母,则变y为-i,再加-er和-est。
以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。
【例】
clevercleverercleverest
其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。
【例】careful
morecareful
mostcareful
不规则变化
原级比较级最高级
good/wellbetterbest
badworseworst
many/muchmoremost
littlelessleast
注:
有些形容词一般没有比较等级。
如:
right,wrong,woolen等。
同步练习
21.Hisfatheris____thanhismother.;
A.olderfouryears
B.asfouryearsolder
c.fouryearsolder
D.biggerfouryears
22.mathsismorepopularthan____.
A.anyothersubject
B.allthesubjects
c.anysubject
D.othersubject
23.chinaislargerthan____inAfrica
A.anyothercountry
B.othercountries
c.theothercountry
D.anycountry
24.Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.
A.anyotherboy
B.anyboys
c.anyboy
D.otherboy
25.whenspringcomes,itgets____.
A.warmandwarm
B.colderandcolder
c.warmerandwarmer
D.shorterandshorter
26.Byandby,____studentsinourclasscametolikeEnglish.
A.moreandmore
B.muchandmuch
c.manyandmany
D.lessandleast
27.Atlasthebegantocry___.
A.hardandhard
B.morehardandmorehard
c.harderandharder
D.lesshardandlessharder
28.whenspringcomesthedaysget____andnights____.
A.short;long
B.long;short
c.longer;shorter
D.shorter;longer
29.___Ilookatthepicture,____Ilikeit.
A.Thebest;themore
B.Themore;theless c.Themore;less
D.more;themore
30.___hereadthebook,____hegotinit.
A.Themore;themoreinteresting B.Theless;themoreinteresting
c.Themore;themoreinterested
D.more;moreinterested
课
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