高考英语指导分项历炼阅读理解.docx

高考英语指导分项历炼阅读理解.docx

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高考英语指导分项历炼阅读理解

2021高考英语指导分项历炼阅读理解

Passage1

题材：

时文报道类　体裁：

议论文　词数：

335

ThefourthroundofheavysmogthathitBeijinginfourweekshassentmorepeopletothehospitalwithrespiratory（呼吸的）illnessesandledtocallsforlawstocontrolthepollution.

PanShiyi，arealestatedeveloper，saidheisplanningtopropose（提出）aCleanAirActtothelocalgovernment.AsarepresentativeoftheBeijingMunicipalPeople'sCongress，hestartedanonlinesurveyat9：

20a．m.Withinthreehours，morethan25,000webusers，or99percentoftotalrespondents，welcomedhisproposalonSinaWeibo，China'sTwitter.

TheyhavegoodreasonstostandalongsidePan.Thelatestroundofhaze（雾霾）reducedvisibilitytounder500metersinmanypartsofthecity.Thesmoghasalsoledtoagreatincreaseinrespiratoryillnesses，particularlyamongchildrenandtheelderly.Anxiousparentsanddoctorsalmostallblamethesmoggyairfortheillnesses.Thoughmostschoolchildrenarehomeforthewinterholidays，thebadaircaneasilymoveindoors.Besides，ordinarymedicalmasksfailtoprovideadequateprotection，sosomepeoplehaveturnedtogasmasksandrespirators（呼吸器）．

Thecausesofthescarysmogarerathermysterious，thoughexpertsblameexcessiveemissionsandthemountainsaroundBeijingthattrappollutioninwinter，unlessthereisadequatewindtoclearitaway.SomecriticshavepointedfingersatChina'stoptwooilfirms，ChinaNationalPetroleumCorpandChinaPetrochemicalCorporation，sayingthecompanies'outdatedproductiontechnologiesproducelargequantitiesofsubstandard，highpollutinggasfuel.

考点4　推理判定题

命题猜想

本文为说明文，题材为科学发觉类，要紧介绍一项惊人发觉：

脑力工作本身可不能使人感到疲劳。

题号

正确

选项

名师伴你行

3

A

观点态度题。

结合全文专门是文章第一句话可知，作者对这一新的科学发觉尽管感到震动但又认为它是一个具有重要意义的事实，故选A项。

4

B

推理判定题。

由文章最后两段可知，导致我们疲劳的缘故要紧是不良的情绪，因此要想保持活力必须保持愉悦的心情，故选B项。

Meanwhile，concernedBeijingershavemovedtheirbrainstormingsessionstocyberspace.IfPan'sproposalforaCleanAirActisadopted，netizenssaythenewlawshouldincludeitemsprovidingfor“carfreedays”intimesofsmog，higherstandardsforvehiclefuel，stricterrestrictionsonindustrialandexhaustgasemissions，andmoreeffectiveprotectionforthepublic.

Beijingisnottheonlycitythathaseverlostthebluesky.FivedaysofthickfogcausedthousandsofdeathsinBritaininDecember1952，urgingthegovernmenttopassthefirstCleanAirActin1956，whichintroducedsmokelesszonesandcleanerfuelstoreducepollution.ThatmayprovidesomeexperienceforBeijingtoreferto.

（2020·武汉二中模拟）

1．WhydidPanShiyistartanonlinesurvey?

A．Toinvestigatethepublic'sopinionsonpollution.

B．Totellpeoplethedangerofthesmoggyweather.

C．Tocallonmorepeopletosupporthisproposal.

D．Tocollectsupportingevidencesforhisproposal.

2．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．Peopleareclearaboutthecausesofthesmoggyweather.

B．Childrenstayingindoorswillnotgetrespiratoryillnesses.

C．Smogisworseforpeoplewithlowerresistancetodiseases.

D．Maskscangivepeopleprotectionagainstthesmoggyweather.

3．Britainismentionedinthelastparagraphto________.

A．suggestBeijingshouldlearnfromothercountries

B．letpeopleknowmanyplaceshavethisproblem

C．tellpeoplethesituationinBritainisworse

D．callonthegovernmenttopassBritain'sCleanAirAct

4．What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?

A．TheUseofGasMasksandRespirators

B．BeijingersCallforaCleanAirAct

C．EffectiveProtectionforBlueSky

D．TheMysteriousCausesoftheScarySmog

Passage2

题材：

广告信息类　体裁：

说明文　词数：

371

Ourtravelexpertsareeagertoassistyouwithyourcheapflightticketsandpackagedealbookings.

CallusforcheapairticketdealsonflightsfromallUKairports.

CheapFlightstoNewYork

TheskylineofManhattanisanunforgettablesightwhenfirstglimpsed，andNewYorkisacitythatknowshowtoattractthevisitor.VisittheStatueofLiberty，takeahorsedrawncarriageroundCentralPark，takeaphotoatTimesSquare，seeashowonBroadway，orexploreChinatown.

BookyourcheapflighttoNewYorkfrom￡459only.

CheapFlightstoSanFrancisco

SanFranciscoisabigcitywithasmalltowncharmdelightingitsvisitors.This“CitybytheBay”hasagorgeousoceansetting，wonderfularchitecture，andtheGoldenGateBridgethatdominatesthelandscape.There'ssomuchtoseeanddo.Youcanenjoyarideinacablecar，visitfashionableNobHillandUnionSquare.Andthecity'slongestablishedChinatownisessential.There'snoshortageofamazingnightlifewithrestaurants，nightclubs，andbarsofeverydescription.

BookyourcheapflighttoSanFranciscofrom￡564only.

CheapFlightstoSydney

Surf，sandandsunsumupthisvibrantcitylikenoother.Famousforitsgoldenbeachesandtrulyworldclasssurf，Sydneyoffersthebestoutdooractivities.Alivelycentreforbusinessaswellasarts，thecityisawonderwithcafeculture，charmingnightlife，andanexcitingrestaurantscene.YoucanlearntosurfatManly，swimaticebergpool，andtakeadipintheoceanatBondiBeach.YoucanalsodipintotheOperaHouseforaconcert，exploretheBotanicGardens，andtakeanearlydinnersunsetcruiseonthelovelySydneyHarbortowatchthecitylightup.

BookyourcheapflighttoSydneyfrom￡796only.

Didyouknowthatbookingflightticketandhoteltogethercouldsaveyouupto40%onyourtotaltravelcost？

AskourexperttravelagenttoquoteyouonapackagedealtoNewYork，SanFrancisco，Sydneyandsavebig.

Hurry！

Callusnowtogetthischeapflightdeal.CallSouthallTravel24/7tobookcheapflights.

1．Ifyouliketoenjoywonderfulnightswithfriends，you'llprobablybooktheticketto________.

A．NewYorkorSanFrancisco

B．NewYorkorSydney

C．ChinatownorBondiBeach

D．SydneyorSanFrancisco

2．Accordingtothepassage，Sydneyisbestknownfor________.

A．itsbeachesandsurfing

B．itsbusinessaswellasarts

C．theOperaHouse

D．theBotanicGardens

3．Howcanyoubooktheflighttickets?

A．Byphone.

B．OntheInternet.

C．Withapersonalvisit.

D．Throughahotel.

4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A．Tointroducethreefamouscities.

B．Toattracttouriststobookflights.

C．Tointroducesometravelexperts.

D．Torecommendtouristactivities.

【历炼】

Passage1

北京连续的雾霾天气引发了公众对空气污染的关注，网民们纷纷呼吁政府制定《清洁空气法案》。

1．D　推理判定题。

依照文章第二段内容可知，潘石屹发起网上调查，是因为他打算向地点政府提交《清洁空气法案》的提议（proposal），第一排除A、B两项；再依照常识判定，网上发起投票调查，是为了收集提议受到支持的证据，使其更具说服力，故答案选D项。

2．C　细节明白得题。

依照第三段第三句可知选C项，雾霾导致呼吸性系统疾病的增长，专门在老人和儿童中（抗击力较弱的人群）。

依照第四段第一句可知A项错误；依照第三段倒数第二句可知B项错误；依照第三段最后一句可知D项错误。

3．A　推理判定题。

依照全文最后一句可推断出，举例是建议北京向英国学习，早日制定《清洁空气法案》。

4．B　主旨大意题。

文章介绍了北京连续显现的雾霾天气导致的严峻危害以及网民们呼吁制定《清洁空气法案》，故B项符合文章主旨。

Passage2

这是一则有关订购廉价机票的广告。

1．D　细节明白得题。

依照CheapFlightstoSanFrancisco下面的“There'snoshortageofamazingnightlifewithrestaurants，nightclubs，andbarsofeverydescription.”以及CheapFlightstoSydney下面的“charmingnightlife”可知，在这两个地点能够享受漂亮的夜晚。

故答案为D项。

2．A　细节明白得题。

依照CheapFlightstoSydney下面的“Famousforitsgoldenbeachesandtrulyworldclasssurf，Sydneyoffersthebestoutdooractivities.”可知A项正确。

3．A　细节明白得题。

依照第二段“CallusforcheapairticketdealsonflightsfromallUKairports.”以及最后一段中的“Callusnowtogetthischeapflightdeal.”可知，能够通过打订到廉价的机票。

4．B　写作意图题。

通读全文可知，本文要紧通过介绍几个不同地点的旅行特色来吸引更多的人订购廉价的机票。

故答案为B项。

Passage3

题材：

科普知识类　体裁：

说明文　词数：

307

WhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass，amonitor（监控器）afewhundredmilesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.

UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifer'sLosAngelesapartment，themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked—remotely—topreventInternetsearches，andhertryingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas：

Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast？

Orwassheslowingdown?

Inthebattleagainstcheating，thisisthecutting_edgeandakeytoencouragehonestyintheboomingfieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem，totheinstitutionandtoonlineeducationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheating，expertssay，canInternetuniversitiesshowthattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalid—thatstudentshaven'tjustsearchedtheInternettogettherightanswers.

Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade，theconcernovercheatinghasbecomesharperinthelastyearwiththegrowthof“openonlinecourses.”Privatecolleges，publicuniversitiesandcorporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield，spendingmillionsofdollarstoattractpotentialstudents，whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.

Asidefromthewebcameras，anumberofotherhightechmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amongthemareprogramsthatcheckstudents'identitiesusingpersonalinformation，suchasthetelephonenumberstheyonceused.

Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexamsbydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanrecognizepossiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionsareansweredatthesamespeedaseasyones.Asinmanyuniversityclasses，termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating.

（2020·广东高考）

1．WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam?

A．Tocorrecthertypingmistakes.

B．Tofindhersecretsintheroom.

C．Topreventherfromslowingdown.

D．Tokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.

2．TheunderlinedexpressioncuttingedgeinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.

A．advancedtechniqueB．sharpeningtool

C．effectiveruleD．dividingline

3．ForInternetuniversities，examsanddiplomaswillbevalidif________.

A．theycanattractpotentialstudents

B．theycandefeatacademiccheating

C．theyofferstudentsonlinehelp

D．theyoffermanyonlin