C语言库函数S类字母1.docx
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C语言库函数S类字母1
C语言库函数(S类字母)-1
本文出自:
作者:
(2001-10-2607:
00:
00)
函数名:
sbrk
功 能:
改变数据段空间位置
用 法:
char *sbrk(int incr);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
printf("Changing allocation with sbrk()\n");
printf("Before sbrk() call:
%lu bytes free\n",
(unsigned long) coreleft());
sbrk(1000);
printf(" After sbrk() call:
return 0;
}
scanf
执行格式化输入
int scanf(char *format[,argument,...]);
char label[20];
char name[20];
int entries = 0;
int loop, age;
double salary;
struct Entry_struct
int age;
float salary;
} entry[20];
/* Input a label as a string of characters restricting to 20 characters */
printf("\n\nPlease enter a label for the chart:
");
scanf("%20s", label);
fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */
/* Input number of entries as an integer */
printf("How many entries will there be?
(less than 20) ");
scanf("%d", &entries);
/* input a name restricting input to only letters upper or lower case */
for (loop=0;loop { printf("Entry %d\n", loop); printf(" Name : "); scanf("%[A-Za-z]", entry[loop].name); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ /* input an age as an integer */ printf(" Age : "); scanf("%d", &entry[loop].age); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ /* input a salary as a float */ printf(" Salary : "); scanf("%f", &entry[loop].salary); fflush(stdin); /* flush the input stream in case of bad input */ } /* Input a name, age and salary as a string, integer, and double */ printf("\nPlease enter your name, age and salary\n"); scanf("%20s %d %lf", name, &age, &salary); /* Print out the data that was input */ printf("\n\nTable %s\n",label); printf("Compiled by %s age %d $%15.2lf\n", name, age, salary); printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n"); for (loop=0;loop printf("%4d | %-20s | %5d | %15.2lf\n", loop + 1, entry[loop].name, entry[loop].age, entry[loop].salary); printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n"); return 0; } 函数名: searchpath 功 能: 搜索DOS路径 用 法: char *searchpath(char *filename); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) { char *p; /* Looks for TLINK and returns a pointer to the path */ p = searchpath("TLINK.EXE"); printf("Search for TLINK.EXE : %s\n", p); /* Looks for non-existent file */ p = searchpath("NOTEXIST.FIL"); printf("Search for NOTEXIST.FIL : %s\n", p); return 0; } 函数名: sector 功 能: 画并填充椭圆扇区 用 法: void far sector(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int midx, midy, i; int stangle = 45, endangle = 135; int xrad = 100, yrad = 50; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; /* loop through the fill patterns */ for (i=EMPTY_FILL; i { /* set the fill style */ setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor()); /* draw the sector slice */ sector(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, xrad, yrad); getch(); } /* clean up */ closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: segread 功 能: 读段寄存器值 用 法: void segread(struct SREGS *segtbl); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) { struct SREGS segs; segread(&segs); printf("Current segment register settings\n\n"); printf("CS: %X DS: %X\n", segs.cs, segs.ds); printf("ES: %X SS: %X\n", segs.es, segs.ss); return 0; } 函数名: setactivepage 功 能: 设置图形输出活动页 用 法: void far setactivepage(int pagenum); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* select a driver and mode that supports */ /* multiple pages. */ int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode; int x, y, ht; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2; ht = textheight("W"); /* select the off screen page for drawing */ setactivepage(1); /* draw a line on page #1 */ line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy()); /* output a message on page #1 */ settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #1:"); outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to halt:"); /* select drawing to page #0 */ setactivepage(0); /* output a message on page #0 */ outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #0."); outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to view page #1:"); getch(); /* select page #1 as the visible page */ setvisualpage(1); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setallpallette 功 能: 按指定方式改变所有的调色板颜色 用 法: void far setallpallette(struct palette, far *pallette); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; struct palettetype pal; int color, maxcolor, ht; int y = 10; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } maxcolor = getmaxcolor(); ht = 2 * textheight("W"); /* grab a copy of the palette */ getpalette(&pal); /* display the default palette colors */ for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++) { setcolor(color); sprintf(msg, "Color: %d", color); outtextxy(1, y, msg); y += ht; } /* wait for a key */ getch(); /* black out the colors one by one */ for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++) { setpalette(color, BLACK); getch(); } /* restore the palette colors */ setallpalette(&pal); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setaspectratio 功 能: 设置图形纵横比 用 法: void far setaspectratio(int xasp, int yasp); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int xasp, yasp, midx, midy; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; setcolor(getmaxcolor()); /* get current aspect ratio settings */ getaspectratio(&xasp, &yasp); /* draw normal circle */ circle(midx, midy, 100); getch(); /* claer the screen */ cleardevice(); /* adjust the aspect for a wide circle */ setaspectratio(xasp/2, yasp); circle(midx, midy, 100); getch(); /* adjust the aspect for a narrow circle */ cleardevice(); setaspectratio(xasp, yasp/2); circle(midx, midy, 100); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setbkcolor 功 能: 用调色板设置当前背景颜色 用 法: void far setbkcolor(int color); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* select a driver and mode that supports */ /* multiple background colors. */ int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode; int bkcol, maxcolor, x, y; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
printf("Entry %d\n", loop);
printf(" Name :
scanf("%[A-Za-z]", entry[loop].name);
/* input an age as an integer */
printf(" Age :
scanf("%d", &entry[loop].age);
/* input a salary as a float */
printf(" Salary :
scanf("%f", &entry[loop].salary);
/* Input a name, age and salary as a string, integer, and double */
printf("\nPlease enter your name, age and salary\n");
scanf("%20s %d %lf", name, &age, &salary);
/* Print out the data that was input */
printf("\n\nTable %s\n",label);
printf("Compiled by %s age %d $%15.2lf\n", name, age, salary);
printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n");
for (loop=0;loop printf("%4d | %-20s | %5d | %15.2lf\n", loop + 1, entry[loop].name, entry[loop].age, entry[loop].salary); printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n"); return 0; } 函数名: searchpath 功 能: 搜索DOS路径 用 法: char *searchpath(char *filename); 程序例: #include #include
printf("%4d | %-20s | %5d | %15.2lf\n",
loop + 1,
entry[loop].name,
entry[loop].age,
entry[loop].salary);
searchpath
搜索DOS路径
char *searchpath(char *filename);
char *p;
/* Looks for TLINK and returns a pointer
to the path */
p = searchpath("TLINK.EXE");
printf("Search for TLINK.EXE :
%s\n", p);
/* Looks for non-existent file */
p = searchpath("NOTEXIST.FIL");
printf("Search for NOTEXIST.FIL :
sector
画并填充椭圆扇区
void far sector(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle);
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy, i;
int stangle = 45, endangle = 135;
int xrad = 100, yrad = 50;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode !
= grOk) /* an error occurred */
printf("Graphics error:
%s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:
getch();
exit
(1); /* terminate with an error code */
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* loop through the fill patterns */
for (i=EMPTY_FILL; i { /* set the fill style */ setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor()); /* draw the sector slice */ sector(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, xrad, yrad); getch(); } /* clean up */ closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: segread 功 能: 读段寄存器值 用 法: void segread(struct SREGS *segtbl); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) { struct SREGS segs; segread(&segs); printf("Current segment register settings\n\n"); printf("CS: %X DS: %X\n", segs.cs, segs.ds); printf("ES: %X SS: %X\n", segs.es, segs.ss); return 0; } 函数名: setactivepage 功 能: 设置图形输出活动页 用 法: void far setactivepage(int pagenum); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* select a driver and mode that supports */ /* multiple pages. */ int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode; int x, y, ht; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } x = getmaxx() / 2; y = getmaxy() / 2; ht = textheight("W"); /* select the off screen page for drawing */ setactivepage(1); /* draw a line on page #1 */ line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy()); /* output a message on page #1 */ settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #1:"); outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to halt:"); /* select drawing to page #0 */ setactivepage(0); /* output a message on page #0 */ outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #0."); outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to view page #1:"); getch(); /* select page #1 as the visible page */ setvisualpage(1); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setallpallette 功 能: 按指定方式改变所有的调色板颜色 用 法: void far setallpallette(struct palette, far *pallette); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; struct palettetype pal; int color, maxcolor, ht; int y = 10; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } maxcolor = getmaxcolor(); ht = 2 * textheight("W"); /* grab a copy of the palette */ getpalette(&pal); /* display the default palette colors */ for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++) { setcolor(color); sprintf(msg, "Color: %d", color); outtextxy(1, y, msg); y += ht; } /* wait for a key */ getch(); /* black out the colors one by one */ for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++) { setpalette(color, BLACK); getch(); } /* restore the palette colors */ setallpalette(&pal); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setaspectratio 功 能: 设置图形纵横比 用 法: void far setaspectratio(int xasp, int yasp); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int xasp, yasp, midx, midy; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ { printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); printf("Press any key to halt:"); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ } midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; setcolor(getmaxcolor()); /* get current aspect ratio settings */ getaspectratio(&xasp, &yasp); /* draw normal circle */ circle(midx, midy, 100); getch(); /* claer the screen */ cleardevice(); /* adjust the aspect for a wide circle */ setaspectratio(xasp/2, yasp); circle(midx, midy, 100); getch(); /* adjust the aspect for a narrow circle */ cleardevice(); setaspectratio(xasp, yasp/2); circle(midx, midy, 100); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; } 函数名: setbkcolor 功 能: 用调色板设置当前背景颜色 用 法: void far setbkcolor(int color); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) { /* select a driver and mode that supports */ /* multiple background colors. */ int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode; int bkcol, maxcolor, x, y; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* set the fill style */
setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor());
/* draw the sector slice */
sector(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, xrad, yrad);
/* clean up */
closegraph();
segread
读段寄存器值
void segread(struct SREGS *segtbl);
struct SREGS segs;
segread(&segs);
printf("Current segment register settings\n\n");
printf("CS:
%X DS:
%X\n", segs.cs, segs.ds);
printf("ES:
%X SS:
%X\n", segs.es, segs.ss);
setactivepage
设置图形输出活动页
void far setactivepage(int pagenum);
/* select a driver and mode that supports */
/* multiple pages. */
int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode;
int x, y, ht;
x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;
ht = textheight("W");
/* select the off screen page for drawing */
(1);
/* draw a line on page #1 */
line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy());
/* output a message on page #1 */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #1:
outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to halt:
/* select drawing to page #0 */
setactivepage(0);
/* output a message on page #0 */
outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #0.");
outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to view page #1:
/* select page #1 as the visible page */
setvisualpage
setallpallette
按指定方式改变所有的调色板颜色
void far setallpallette(struct palette, far *pallette);
struct palettetype pal;
int color, maxcolor, ht;
int y = 10;
char msg[80];
maxcolor = getmaxcolor();
ht = 2 * textheight("W");
/* grab a copy of the palette */
getpalette(&pal);
/* display the default palette colors */
for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++)
setcolor(color);
sprintf(msg, "Color:
%d", color);
outtextxy(1, y, msg);
y += ht;
/* wait for a key */
/* black out the colors one by one */
setpalette(color, BLACK);
/* restore the palette colors */
setallpalette(&pal);
setaspectratio
设置图形纵横比
void far setaspectratio(int xasp, int yasp);
int xasp, yasp, midx, midy;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* get current aspect ratio settings */
getaspectratio(&xasp, &yasp);
/* draw normal circle */
circle(midx, midy, 100);
/* claer the screen */
cleardevice();
/* adjust the aspect for a wide circle */
setaspectratio(xasp/2, yasp);
/* adjust the aspect for a narrow circle */
setaspectratio(xasp, yasp/2);
setbkcolor
用调色板设置当前背景颜色
void far setbkcolor(int color);
/* multiple background colors. */
int bkcol, maxcolor, x, y;
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