高考英语必刷卷新课标卷05解析版.docx
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高考英语必刷卷新课标卷05解析版
2020年高考必刷卷(新课标卷)05(含答案)
英语
(考试时间:
90分钟试卷满分:
120分)
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
WhatisStrengthsFinder
Doyouhavetheopportunitytodobesteveryday?
Chancesareyoudon’t.Alltoooften,ournaturaltalentsgoundeveloped.Wedevotemoretimetofixingourdisadvantagesthantodevelopingouradvantages.
In1998,theFatherofStrengthsPsychology,DonaldO.Clifton,Ph.D.(1924~2003),alongwithTomRathandateamofscientistsatTheGallupOrganization,createdtheonlineStrenghthsFinderassessment(评估).
Tohelppeopledeveloptheirtalents,in2001,Gallupintroducedthefirstonlineassessment,StrengthsFinder,whichledtoaglobalconversationandhelpedmillionstodiscovertheirtopfivetalents.In2004,theassessment’snamewasformallychangedtoCliftonStrengthsFinderinhonorofitsdesigner.
In2007,RathandGallupscientistsreleased(发行)anewedition(版本)oftheassessmentcalledStrengthsFinder2.0.Rooted(扎根)inmorethan40yearsofresearch,thisassessmenthascontinuedtohelpmillionsdiscoveranddeveloptheirnaturaltalents.
Initslatestnationalbestseller,StrengthsFinder2,0,Gallupreleasesthenewandimprovesitspopularassessmentandmuchmore.Whileyoucanreadthisbook,you’lluseitasareferencefordecades.
Withhundredsofwaystoapplyyourstrengths,thenewbookandwebsitewillchangethewayyoulookatyourself—andtheworldaroundyou—forever.
AvailableinStrengthsFinder2.0
*Apopularprice:
$20
*Aspecialprice:
Save20%forstudents
Youcanknowaboutitsinformationon
1.WhenwasthefirststrengthsFinderonlineassessmentintroduced?
A.In1998.B.In2001.
C.In2004.D.In2007.
2.HowmuchshouldastudentpayforthetwobooksstrengthsFinder2.0?
A.16dollars.B.20dollars.
C.32dollars.D.40dollars.
3.WhydidGallupintroducestrengthsFinder?
A.TohelpPeopledeveloptheirnaturaltalents.
B.TotellPeopletofindouttheirdisadvantages.
C.TohelpPeoplediscovertheirinterests.
D.Totellpeopletorealizetheirdreams.
【答案】
1.B2.C3.A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了StrengthsFinder的起源、目的以及它的最新版本的书。
1.【解析】细节理解题。
由第四段首句“Tohelppeopledeveloptheirtalents,in2001,Gallupintroducedthefirstonlineassessment,StrengthsFinder,(为了帮人们挖掘他们的潜力,2001年,Gallup介绍了他第一版的在线测评,StrengthsFinder)”可知,第一版的在线优势测评是在2001年发布的。
故选B。
2.【解析】细节理解题。
根据文中的“Aspecialprice:
Save20%forstudent(学生价格节省20%)”可知学生买一本书的价格为16元,那么买两本书的价格就是32元。
故选C。
3.【解析】细节理解题。
由第四段首句“Tohelppeopledeveloptheirtalents,in2001,Gallupintroducedthefirstonlineassessment,StrengthsFinder,(为了帮人们挖掘他们的潜力,2001年,Gallup介绍了他第一版的在线测评,StrengthsFinder)”可知,Gallup介绍strengthsFinder是为了挖掘人们的潜力。
故选A。
B
Iworkasthereceptionmanageratmyhotel.
Abookingcameinafewweeksagowithanoteattachedthataguestwouldbetravellingwithherdeaffather.Thisnotehelpedusinpreparingfortheirarrival.Astheywouldbehereforanumberofdays,hisdaughterwantedtomakehistriptoIrelandassmoothaspossible.
UponseeingthisnoteandknowingIwouldbetheonetocheckthemin,Idecidedtolearnsomeverybasicsignlanguage.Igreetedtheguestinmyusualfashion,askingforthesurnameonthebooking.OnceIheardthename,Iimmediatelyrealizedwhowasstandinginfrontofme.
Ihadbeenlearningfortwoweekshowtosay:
“WelcometoIreland.Mysignlanguageisterrible,butplease,ifyouneedanythingduringyourstay,justletmeknowandwewillhelpyou.”
Ismiledatthefatheranddaughterinfrontofme.Turningtothefather,IgreetedhiminASL(AmericanSignLanguage)andbeganthebitIhadlearnedforhim.HisdaughterbrokedowncryingandtoldmeIwassweet.Butthefatherjustsmiledandwassohappy.Honestly,seeinghisreactionwasenoughforme.ItwasabsolutelyworththelastfewweeksoflearningbasicASL.
Sadly,Iwasn’tworkingthedaytheycheckedout,buttheyleftagiftforme,asmallboxwithsomechocolatesandabookonASL.Insidewasanotesaying:
“Thankyouverymuchforwhatyoudid.Myfatherhasbeeninamazingspiritsfromthetimeyoucheckedusinandinsistedwegetyouagiftbeforeweleft.Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanttomyfatherandme,andwecan’tthankyouenough.You'vemadehistripveryspecialwithonesimplegesture.”
IcriedforasolidfiveminuteswhenIcameintoworkthenextdayandfoundthisgiftinmylocker.
4.Thedaughterleftanotewhenbookingthehotelinorderto__________.
A.askforspecialserviceforherself
B.givesomeusefuladvicetothehotel
C.expressgratitudetothehotelmanager
D.makeherfather’stripmorecomfortable
5.Thedaughtercriedwhentheycheckedinbecause__________.
A.theauthor’ssignlanguagewasreallyterrible
B.herfatherwasunwillingtoliveinthathotel
C.sheappreciatedwhattheauthorhaddoneforherfather
D.theauthorwouldn’tbeworkingwhentheycheckedout
6.Seeingthefather’sreactionduringcheck-in,theauthorprobablyfelt__________.
A.thankfulB.satisfied
C.disappointedD.regretful
7.Fromthispassage,wecanknowthat__________.
A.theauthormadethedaughter’scheck-outsmooth
B.theauthorwasdeeplymovedbyanunexpectedgift
C.thedaughtercriedforfiveminutesbeforetheyleft
D.thedaughteraskedtheauthortolearnsignlanguage
【答案】
4.D5.C6.B7.B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。
本文作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游,帮助他们登记的故事,因为那位父亲是个聋哑人,执着专门学了手势语"欢迎来爱尔兰",结果那位父亲对于作者的接待很满意,走得时候还送给作者礼物,并给经理写信,希望给作者加薪。
4.【解析】细节理解题。
根据第二段最后一句Astheywouldbehereforanumberofdays,hisdaughterwantedtomakehistriptoIrelandassmoothaspossible.(由于他们要在这里呆几天,他的女儿想让他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。
)可知,女儿在预订旅馆时留下了一张便条,以便让父亲的旅行更舒适。
故选D。
5.【解析】细节理解题。
根据第五段HisdaughterbrokedowncryingandtoldmeIwassweet.Butthefatherjustsmiledandwassohappy.可知当他们登记入住时,女儿哭了,女儿情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她,这让她的爸爸很开心。
故选C。
6.【解析】推理判断题。
根据第五段Honestly,seeinghisreactionwasenoughforme.ItwasabsolutelyworththelastfewweeksoflearningbasicASL.(老实说,看到他的反应就足够了。
最后几周的ASL基础学习绝对值得。
)可知,看到这位爸爸很开心,作者感到了他的付出是很值得的;因此看到父亲在入住时的反应,作者可能感到很满足。
故选B。
7.【解析】推理判断题。
根据最后一段IcriedforasolidfiveminuteswhenIcameintoworkthenextdayandfoundthisgiftinmylocker.(第二天上班时,我在储物柜里发现了这件礼物,哭了整整五分钟。
)可知,作者受到这份特殊的礼物后很感动;故选B。
C
In1992,TeenTalkBarbiewasreleasedwiththecontroversialvoicefragment,“Mathclassishard.”Whilethetoy'sreleasemetwithstrongpublicreaction,thisunderlyingassumptionpersists,spreadingthemyththatwomendonotthriveinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematic(STEM)fieldsduetobiologicalinadequaciesinmathaptitude.However,in2019JessicaCantlonatCarnegieMellonUniversityledaresearchteamthatcomprehensivelyexaminedthebraindevelopmentofyoungboysandgirlsandfoundnogenderdifferenceinbrainfunctionormathability.
Cantlonandherteamconductedthefirstneuroimagingstudytoevaluatebiologicalgenderdifferencesinmathaptitudeofyoungchildren.HerteamusedfunctionalMRI(核磁共振)tomeasurethebrainactivityin104youngchildren(3-to-10-year-old;55girls)whilewatchinganeducationalvideocoveringearlymathtopics,likecountingandaddition.Theresearcherscomparedscansfromtheboysandgirlstoevaluatebrainsimilarity.Inaddition,theteamexaminedbrainmaturitybycomparingthechildren'sscanstothosetakenfromagroupofadults(63adults;25women)whowatchedthesamemathvideos.
Afternumerousstatisticalcomparisons,Cantlonandherteamfoundnodifferenceinthebraindevelopmentofgirlsandboys.Inaddition,theresearchersfoundnodifferenceinhowboysandgirlsprocessedmathskillsandwereequallyengagedwhilewatchingtheeducationalvideos.Finally,boys'andgirls'brainmaturitywerestatisticallyequivalentwhencomparedtoeithermenorwomenintheadultgroup.
CantlonsaidshethinkssocietyandculturearelikelysteeringgirlsandyoungwomenawayfrommathandSTEMfields,aspreviousstudiesshowthatfamiliesspendmoretimewithyoungboysinplaythatinvolvesspatialcognition(空间认知).“Typicalsocializationcanmakeworsesmalldifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsthatcansnowballintohowwetreattheminscienceandmath,”Cantlonsaid.“Weneedtobeawareoftheseoriginstoensurewearen'ttheonescausingthegenderinequities.”
However,thisprojectisfocusedonearlychildhooddevelopmentusingalimitedsetofmathtasks.Cantlonwantstocontinuethisworkusingabroaderscopeofmathskills,suchasspatialprocessingandmemory,andfollowthechildrenovermanyyears.
8.Whatcanweinferaboutthetoy’srelease?
A.Ithasraisedastormofapplause.
B.Girlsperformnoworsethanboysinmath.
C.Mathisasubjectdifficulttoeveryoneofus.
D.Womenarebornwithinsufficientmathabilities.
9.WhatcanwelearnfromthestudyconductedbyCantlon?
A.Boysprocessmathskillsmorequicklythangirls.
B.Boysandgirlshavesimilarbraininmathabilities.
C.Boysandgirlshavesimilarinterestinmath.
D.Adultshavebetterbrainthanchildreninmath.
10.WhatwillCantlonmostlikelyagreewith?
A.Parentsshouldlengthenthetimespentwithgirls.
B.Societyiscausingagreatergenderdifferenceinmathabilities.
C.Cultureplaysaleadingroleinchildren’sbraindevelopment.
D.Weshouldcultivateboys’andgirls’mathabilitiesequally.
11.HowwillCantlonfurtherherresearch?
A.Byusingawiderrangeofmathskills.
B.Byinvolvingabroaderscopeofsubjects.
C.Byincreasingthecomplexityofmathtasks.
D.Byfollowingthechildrenuntiltheiradulthood.
【答案】
8.D9.B