物流外文文献翻译.docx

物流外文文献翻译.docx

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物流外文文献翻译

外文文献原稿和译文

原　稿

Logisticｓ　fromｔｈeEngｌｉsｈwoｒd"logistｉｃｓ”，thｅoriｇｉnalintent　ｏfthemiｌiｔａrｙ　loｇiｓticｓ　support，inthesecoｎdsｉdeafter　World　Wａr　IＩhasbeenwｉdｅly　used　inthｅｅcoｎｏmic　fielｄ．ＬogistｉcｓＭaｎageｍenｔAｓｓocｉaｔｉonoftｈe　Ｕnｉteｄ　Stａｔｅsisdｅfiｎedasthe　loｇｉstｉcs，"Ｌｏgisｔicsisｔomeetthe　needｓｏfconｓuｍｅｒs　ｏｆraw　ｍatｅrials,intｅrmeｄiａte　proｄucｔs，ｆinａｌ　ｐrodｕｃtｓaｎdrｅlatedinformatｉｏntothe　consｕmeｒｆromthebeginniｎｇto　tｈeeffectivefｌｏｗａnｄstoraｇe，ｉｍpleｍentation　andｃｏntｒol　oftheproｃeｓs　of。

＂

Loｇｉsｔｉcs　consｉstｓｏffourｋｅycｏmpｏnents：

thｅreaｌflow，ｒｅalｓｔｏraｇe，andｍanagｅmenｔtocｏordiｎateｔheflｏwofｉnfｏrｍation.　Thｅprｉmaryfunｃｔioｎｏｆlogisticsis　tocｒeate　tｉme　aｎｄspaｃeeffectｉvenessoｆ　thｅefｆｅctｉveｎｅｓs　ofｔhemaｉnwａystooｖｅrcomｅ　tｈe　spacethｒｏｕｇhｔhｅstoragedｉstance.

Tｈirｄ-ｐartyloｇistiｃｓ　in　thelogisticｓｃhａnnelservices　ｐrｏvidedｂｙbｒokerｓ，midｄｌemenin　thｅｆoｒmoftｈecｏntractwｉｔhin　a　ｃerｔａinｐeriｏｄｏfｔｉmerｅqｕｉred　toprｏvｉdelogｉstiｃs　ｓervices　in　whoｌｅorｉnparｔ．Isathirｄ—partyｌogisｔicsｃｏｍpaniesfｏrtheexｔerｎａｌcuｓtomerｍanagement,conｔroland　oｐeratioｎ　of　ｔｈeｐｒovisionof　logisticｓ　serｖiｃｅs　coｍpaｎｙ.

Accordinｇｔo　sｔatistiｃｓ，cuｒreｎtlyuseｄinEuropetｈeproportionofｔhｉrd－parｔｙlogistiｃｓ　servicesfor７６percent，　ｔheUnited　Statesｉsaboｕt　5８％,　and　tｈedemandｉssｔilｌ　grｏwｉng；2４　perｃenｔiｎＥuropｅ　and　thｅUnitedStａtes33%oｆnon—thｉrｄ－pａrtｙｌogｉｓｔicsservｉｃe　ｕｓeｒsareactｉveｌyconsiｄeriｎgtｈeｕｓｅｏfthird－pａｒｔyｌogisticssｅｒｖicｅs．Asathirｄ—pａrtylogisｔiｃs　ｔoimprovethespｅedof　ｍａtｅrial　ｆｌow，ｗａrｅhoｕsinｇｃostｓａnd　ｆiｎancial　saｖｉngｓiｎthｅ　cｏsｔefｆecｔivemｅans　of　paｓsers-bｙ，haｓｂｅｃｏme　iｎcｒｅaｓｉnｇｌyatｔracted　gｒeatattenｔion。

Ｆiｒsｔ，theadvantagｅsof　usiｎg　a　thiｒd—parｔｙ　ｌogisticｓ

Tｈe　ｕsｅoftｈｉrd—parｔyｌogistiｃsｅｎterprisescａｎ　ｙieldｍanｙ　bｅnefiｔs,　mainlｙrｅｆlectedｉn：

１，fｏｃus　ｏｎcorebuｓｉneｓs

Maｎｕfaｃｔurerscａｎuseathird-party　logiｓticｓcｏmｐaniesｔoachieve　ｏｐｔｉmaｌ　ｄｉｓtriｂutionoｆresources，limiteｄhuｍanand　ｆiｎancialｒｅｓoｕrｃeｓ　ｔｏｃoncenｔrateoｎｔheircｏreenergy,toｆｏｃusoｎｔhedｅvｅlopmｅｎt　oｆｂaｓicｓkiｌｌs，dｅｖelopｎewprｏｄｕctｓinthｅwoｒｌdcｏmｐetition，aｎdenhaｎcｅ　tｈｅｃｏrｅｃｏmpｅｔitiｖenｅｓｓｏfenterpriｓｅｓ.　

2,cost—sａviｎｇ

Prｏfessionaｌｕseofｔhird—partylｏgistｉｃsproｖiｄｅrs，　the　pｒofeｓsiｏnaladvantａgeｓｏｆ　mass　pｒｏductioｎ　and　cｏstadvantageｓ，by　providｉngtｈelink　ｃapacitｙ　ｕtilizationto　aｃhieｖｅcostsavingｓ,　sothａt　enterpｒｉｓeｓｃanbｅｎefitfromtｈｅseparatｉoｎｏfｔｈecoststructuｒe。

Mａｎufａctuｒingenterprisｅｓwithtｈeexpａnsioｎｏｆmaｒkｅting　serviceｓto　paｒtｉcipａｔｅinany　dｅgrｅｅ　ofdｅpth，wouldgivｅrｉｓｅtｏasubstantialincreaseincostｓ，onｌyｔｈeuseｏfprofeｓｓｉonａlsｅｒvices　pｒoｖidedbypｕbｌｉcserviｃｅｓ，iｎ　orｄertominiｍize　aｄｄiｔional　losｓeｓ。

　ＵｎiversiｔyoｆTenｎessｅeinaｃcordaｎcewith　ｔhe　ＵnitedＳtates，UnitedＫｉngdomａｎｄtheＵniｔedStatesEＸＥLｃompａnyEMST&YOUNGｃonsultingfirm　co-organizｅd　a　survey：

ａlotofcargｏthaｔenabletｈemto　uｓeｔhirｄ—ｐａrtylｏgiｓtｉcs　logｉstｉcｓcｏstｓdeclinedbyａnａverageof1。

18　percent，thｅaveragefｌowｏｆgoｏdｓ　frｏｍ　7。

1　days　ｔo3.９dayｓ,sｔock8．2％ｌoｗer。

3，ｒｅdｕｃtionofinｖeｎtorｙ

Tｈird—partyｌogiｓticｓ　serviceprｏｖiｄerswｉthｗell—plaｎｎedlogｉsticsａｎdtimelｙ　delivｅry　ｍeans,　tｏminimize　inventorｙ，　impｒoveｃaｓｈflｏｗｏftheｅｎtｅrpriｓetoaｃｈieｖｅ　coｓtａdvantageｓ。

4，enhaｎceｔｈe　corporaｔｅiｍaｇｅ

Tｈiｒd—party　ｌogisticssｅrvice　prｏvidｅrs　aｎd　cｕstomers　isastrategｉcpａrtnerｓhiｐ,tｈeuseofthｉｒd-parｔylogisｔicsprｏｖiderofcomprehensivefaciliｔiesaｎdtrained　ｓtaff　ontｈewhoｌesupplｙchaintoaｃhievecｏmpｌetｅ　contrｏl,rｅducｉngthe　ｃｏmplｅｘityofloｇｉsｔics,thｒｏughthｅirownnetwoｒｋｓtoheｌｐiｍｐrovecuｓtomｅrsｅｒvｉce，notoｎlytｏestabｌiｓhｔheir　oｗnbｒaｎｄimaｇe，　ｂutalsocustomerｓiｎｔhecompetｉtioｎ.

Ｓecond,Thepurpｏse　ofｔhｅｉｍｐｌeｍeｎtaｔｉonｏf　ｌogisticsｍaｎａｇemenｔ

Theｐurpose　oftheimplｅmｅnｔationｏflogisticsmanagemeｎtistｏthe　loｗesｔpｏssｉｂletｏtal　cost　ｏfcｏｎdｉｔionstoachｉｅvｅｔheestabliｓhｅｄｌｅｖelｏf　cusｔｏmerｓerｖｉｃｅ,oｒseｒvicｅadｖａntagesanｄ　seekcoｓtａｄvantages　ofａdynamicequｉｌibrium,　aｎdthuｓcreatｅcompetｉtｉｖｅentｅｒprises　ｉn　ｔhestrａｔeｇicａdｖantaｇe．Acｃｏrdｉngtothiｓ　goaｌ,lｏgiｓticsmanagｅmenｔ　tosolvethｅbasｉc　prｏblem，ｓiｍplyput，is　tｏ　ｔｈerｉｇhtｐroduｃts　tｏ　fｉtthenumbeｒandtherighｔ　pricｅat　ｔhｅrｉghｔtimeａｎdｓuitablｅsitｅｓavailablｅ　ｔocustomｅrｓ.

Logistｉcs　ｍanagement　syｓtemｓ　tｈaｔｕsemethoｄstｏsolvｅtheprｏblｅm。

　MｏdernLogisticsnoｒmａlｌy　ｂｅ　ｃｏｎsiderｅdbytｈetrａnｓｐorｔ，stｏｒaｇe,pａckaｇiｎg，　handling,procｅssingiｎ　cｉrculation,distrｉbｕｔiｏｎ　and　inｆormationcｏnsｔitutepaｒtoｆ　all.Ａｌｌhaveｔｈeｉrownparｔｏftheorigｉｎａlfunctioｎｓ，　interestsanｄconcｅpts.Syｓteｍaｐproａcｈiｓtheuseｏfmodernｍanagｅmentmethodsandmｏｄeｒntecｈｎｏlogｙsothａｔ　ａllaspｅcts　of　inｆoｒｍａｔionsharｉngingｅneral，all　theｌiｎks　aｓaniｎteｇratｅｄｓyｓtemｆoｒorganｉzaｔioｎ　andｍanageｍent，sothatthｅ　systｅm　cａn　bｅaslowaspossｉbleｕndｅｒtheｃｏnditionｓ　oｆｔｈetotaｌｃost，ｐrovｉｄeｄ　ｔheｒeCompｅtiｔiveａdvantageoｆcustoｍer　sｅｒvice.Sｙsｔeｍs　ａpproacｈtｈatｔhesｙｓtemiｓｎottｈe　ｅffectivｅnｅｓsｏｆtheｉrvaｒｉoｕsｌocallinks-eｆfeｃtｉｖesimplesum。

　Systｅmmeansｔhat，ｔｈｅrｅ’sa　certainａspeｃtｓofｔｈe　ｐｒoｂlemandwanｔtｏall　oftheｆactｏrｓ　aｆfectinｇthｅanalysiｓ　ａndｅvaluatiｏn。

Ｆrom　ｔhiｓ　ideａofｔhｅ　logisｔｉcssｙstemisnotｓimｐlythe　pursｕit　oftheir　own　ｉn　vaｒiｏｕs　ａrｅasｏfｔｈｅlｏwesｔcost，becaｕｓｅtｈe　logisticsｏfthｅ　liｎｋｂetween　thebｅnｅｆits　ofmuｔuａlinfｌuence，thｅ　tenｄencyoｆmuｔuａｌｃｏnstｒaiｎtｓ,thereｉsｔhe　turnoftherelａｔionshｉp　beｔweｅｎvulｎerabilitｙ.Ｆorexample，tooｍuch　empｈａsｉｓ　ｏnpａｃkaginｇ　materiａｌssaviｎgs，ｉtｃouldcａusedaｍage　ｂｅｃａuseｏｆtheirｅａsyto　ｔranspoｒtanｄｈandlｉnｇｃoｓtsinｃreased。

Therefｏre，　ｔｈeｓysｔｅmｓａpｐrｏacｈsｔreｓｓesthe　need　tocarｒy　outｔhｅ　total　cｏｓtａnalｙsis,andto　ａｖoidthe　ｓecｏndbeｓt　ｅffｅctandｗｅightｈecost　of　tｈeaｎalyｓis,　so　as　to　achiｅvethelowest　ｃｏst，whｉlｅｍeetiｎｇtheesｔablisheｄ　ｌeｖeｌｏfcｕｓtomersｅrviｃeｐurposeｓ.　

Tｈｉrd,Cｈiｎａ＇s　ｅnｔerprisｅs　iｎｔｈｅ　ｕseofthird-partylogｉsｔicｓpｒoblemsiｎ

Whiｌethｉrd-parｔｙlｏgiｓticscoｍpany　has　maｎｙadvａｎtａgeｓ，butｎotmａnｙeｎｔeｒpriｓeｓｗｉllbemoreoutsouｒcｉng　ofthe　ｌogｉｓticsｂusiness，ｔheｒeaｓoｎsboｉldｏｗnto：

1,resiｓｔａnceｔｏ　chanｇe

　Manycompａniesdonot　ｗant　ｔhewaythrouｇhｔhｅloｇｉｓtiｃsoutsｏurciｎg　eｆｆｏrtstｏｃhａngetheｃｕrrenｔmｏde。

In　pａrtiｃuｌar，　somestate—oｗned　enterprises，wereｆlowｗillａlsomeanthatthｅdismisｓalofoutsourｃiｎg　aｌａrｇe　numbｅr　oｆemplｏyees，　whicｈｔhｅmaｎagersｏｆｓtate－owned　ｅnterｐrｉseswould　ｍeａn　aｖｅrｙ　greatrｉsk．

2,lacｋofａwaｒeness

Foｒthird—ｐａrｔｙ　lｏgisticsenｔerprise＇ｓgｅneralｌylow　ｌevｅｌofawaｒeｎess,lacｋoｆawａrenｅｓｓ　ｏfeｎterpriｓe　ｓupplｙｃhaｉn　manａgeｍent　iｎtheenterｐriseｏｆ　thegｒeatrolｅiｎtｈecompeｔitiｏｎ.

3,fearｏfｌosingｃontｒol

Ａs　arｅsｕltof　ｔhe　implemeｎｔａtionｏｆ　supplycｈainｃｏmpanｉesｉｎenｈａncingthecompｅtitｉｖeness　oftheimpｏｒtanｔrole　tｈatmａny　cｏｍpanｉes　wouldratherｈavｅ　aｓｍａllbut　cｏmplete　logiｓticsｄepartｍentaｎｄ　ｔheｙdonotｐrefｅrtｈesefunctioｎs　wiｌｌｂehandeｄovｅrtｏotheｒs，ｔhe　maiｎ　ｒeaｓoｎsitis　worｒiedthａtiftheyloseｔhe　ｉｎｔｅrｎalｌoｇisｔｉcsｃapabilｉtｉes，customerswｉllbeeｘｃhａｎgｅｓ　and　over-rｅlianｃeonｏtｈertｈird-partｙｌogisticscompaｎｉes。

4,theloｇｉstｉcsoｕｔsourｃinghas　ｉts　ｏwncompｌexiｔｙ

Supｐlycｈaiｎ　logistｉcsbusｉｎessandｃompaniesaｒeusuallyotheｒｓerｖｉｃes,sucｈasfinance,mａrｋｅtｉｎｇorｐroductiｏn　ofiｎtegｒａｔｅd　lｏgｉstｉcsｏutsourｃing　itｓeｌｆwithcomplexｉty.　Oｎanumｂｅｒ　ｏfprａcticalｂuｓineｓs，　iｎclｕdｉｎg　ｔheintｅｇrａtionｏfｔransportanｄstorａgemay　lｅad　toorgaｎｉzaｔional，ａdmｉnistraｔiveandimpｌemｅｎtatｉoｎ　problems。

In　adｄition,the　comｐａny'ｓiｎtｅｒnalinformationsystem　integratiｏn　fｅatures，makiｎｇｔｈeloｇisｔｉｃsbuｓiｎessｔoａｔhiｒd　parｔｙ　lｏgistｉcscomｐaｎｉeshavebecomeveｒｙ　dｉfficuｌttooｐｅrａｔe。

5，tomeasｕrethe　eｆｆeｃtｏf　ｌogiｓticｓoｕtｓｏurciｎｇ　bｙmany　ｆaｃtｏrs

Accｕratelyｍeasure　tｈecoｓｔ　ofinｆormaｔionteｃhｎolｏgy，logisticｓ　andhuman　rｅsoｕrcesmore　diffｉｃuｌt．　Iｔｉｓｄiffiｃulｔｔoｄeterminｅthe　logistｉcsoｕtsourcingcompanｉeｓｉnthe　endbeａbｌetｏｂｒingthｅ　costof　ｈowmany　ｐotentiaｌgoodthingｓ.Iｎ　adｄitioｎ，　alｌthe　uniｑｕｅness　ofｔhe　ｃｏmpanｙ’ｓbｕｓinesｓaｎｄcorｐorate　sｕｐpｌyｃhaiｎoperａtiｏnalcapability,isｕｓｕａllyｎｏtconsidereｄ　tｏbeinｔernaｌ　totｈe　exterｎａlｐuｂlｉcinfｏｒmation，　iｔｉsｄifｆicultto　aｃｃuraｔely　ｃｏmparｅ　tｈｅｉnｔer-cｏmpａnysｕpplychａｉnｏpｅratiｏnａｌcａpability.

　　Altｈouｇhｓomｅmaｎufａｃtuｒersｈaｖebeenaｗare　ｏf　ｔhe　use　of　ｔｈiｒd－partyｌogｉsticｓcｏmpanieｓ　cａn　brｉｎgalotｏf　gooｄthingｓ,buｔinpracticａlaｐｐｌicａtionsaｒe　oｆtendiｖidedinｔｏsｅvｅralsteps,at　ｔｈesaｍetｉｍｅ　choose　anumbeｒoflogistiｃsserviceprｏviｄerｓaspartｎｅrsｉn　ordertｏ　ａvoｉｄthebuｓｉｎｅsｓｂyalogｉｓtiｃsserviceprovideｒｓ　broｕgｈtａboutbｙｄepｅndence．

Fouｒth，Cｈｉｎa＇sthird—pａrtyｌogistiｃsｃompaniesinｔｈe　deｖeｌｏｐｍenｔｏf　tｈe　ｐｒoｂlｅmｓencounterｅd

Aｓuｃcｅssfullogｉsticscompany,　ｔheoperaｔormusthaｖｅ　ａｌargerscale，thｅeｓｔablishｍeｎｔof　effectiveregiｏnａlcoｖeｒaｇearｅa，　with　a　ｓｔrｏngｃommand　ａndｃonｔrｏl　centerwith　ｔhe　higｈ　standardofinｔegｒateｄｔｅcｈnｉcal，　fiｎａncialresoｕｒcesandbuｓｉneｓsstratｅｇy.

Ｃｈｉna'ｓ　third-paｒｔｙlogistics　comｐanieｓintｈeｄｅvelｏｐmenｔoｆtｈepｒoｂlｅmsencounteｒeｄcaｎbesummaｒizｅｄ　asfollows：

１,　ｏperatiｎgmodel

Aｔｐrｅsent，mostｏｆtheworｌd'slarｇｅstlogiｓｔiｃｓｃompanieｓ　taketｈehead　ｏfｆiceａnｄbrancｈsystem，ｃeｎｔｒａliｚedhｅａdquarｔers-style　logistics　opeｒaｔiｏnto　taｋeｔotheimplｅmentatｉoｎofvｅrｔicａlbusinessｍanageｍent.Theestablishment　oｆa　modeｒnｌogｉsticseｎteｒprise　ｍｕsｔ　hａve　ａ　strｏng，fｌexiblｅcommanｄandcｏｎtｒolceｎter　ｔoｃｏｎｔrｏｌtheentirelogｉｓtiｃs　opeｒａｔｉonｓａndｃoordinａtion。

Reａlｍusｔbｅamodｅｒｎｌogiｓtｉcｓcenteｒ，aproｆｉtcenter,bｕsiｎessoｒgａnizationｓ,ｔhｅfrａmeworｋ，tｈeinstｉｔｕtionaｌfｏrｍofeｖｅrymaｔchwitｈaceｎtｅr。

Chｉna＇s　logisｔicsenｔeｒprisesｉntheoperａtinｇmode　of　thepｒoblemsofｆorｅignlogistｉcｓentｅrpｒiｓｅsinｔheｍanaｇementmoｄelshoulｄbefromthｅdomｅｓtｉｃ　ｌogｉsｔicｓeｎterprｉsｅs。

２，　tｈelackofstoｒaｇe　ortransport　capacity

Theprｉｍａrｙfuｎ