完整版供应链管理第三版Unit12习题与答案.docx
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完整版供应链管理第三版Unit12习题与答案
Chapter12
DeterminingOptimalLevelofProductAvailability
True/False
1.Thelevelofproductavailabilityisalsoreferredtoasthecustomerservicelevel.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
2.Asupplychaincanuseahighlevelofproductavailabilitytoimproveitsresponsivenessandattractcustomers.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
3.Ahighlevelofproductavailabilityrequireslessinventory,whichwillkeepcostsdownforthesupplychain.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
4.Asupplychainneedstoachieveabalancebetweenthelevelofavailabilityandthecostofinventorythatmaximizessupplychainrevenues.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Hard
5.Whethertheoptimallevelofavailabilityishighorlowdependsonwhereaparticularcompanybelievestheycanmaximizeprofits.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
6.ThecostofoversellingisdenotedbyCoandisthelossincurredbyafirmforeachunsoldunitattheendofthesellingseason.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
7.ThecostofunderstockingisdenotedbyCuandisthemarginlostbyafirmforeachlostsalebecausethereisnoinventoryonhand.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
8.Thecostofundersellingisakeyfactorthatinfluencestheoptimallevelofproductavailability.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
9.Thecostsofoverstockingandunderstockinghaveadirectimpactonboththeoptimalcycleservicelevelandprofitability.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
10.Astheratioofthecostofoverstockingtothecostofunderstockinggetssmaller,theoptimallevelofproductavailabilitydecreases.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Hard
11.Withreduceddemanduncertainty,asupplychainmanagercanbettermatchsupplyanddemandbyreducingbothoverstockingandunderstocking.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
12.Anincreaseinforecastaccuracyincreasesboththeoverstockedandunderstockedquantityanddecreasesafirm’sprofits.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
13.Supplychainmanagersareabletoincreasetheirforecastaccuracyasleadtimesdecrease,whichallowsthemtobettermatchsupplywithdemandandincreasesupplychainprofitability.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
14.Ifquickresponseallowsmultipleordersintheseason,profitsincreaseandtheoverstockquantityincreases.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Hard
15.Quickresponseresultsinthemanufacturermakingalowerprofitintheshorttermifallelseisunchanged.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Hard
16.Thereisacostassociatedwithpostponementbecausetheproductioncostusingpostponementistypicallylowerthantheproductioncostwithoutit.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
17.Postponementisvaluableforafirmthatsellsalargevarietyofproductswithdemandthatisindependentandcomparableinsize.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
18.Postponementmayincreaseoverallprofitsforafirmifasingleproductcontributesthemajorityofthedemandbecausetheincreasedmanufacturingexpenseduetopostponementoutweighsthesmallbenefitthataggregationprovidesinthiscase.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Hard
19.Tailoredpostponementallowsafirmtoincreaseitsprofitabilitybyonlypostponingtheuncertainpartofthedemandandproducingthepredictablepartatalowercostwithoutpostponement.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
20.Intailoredsourcing,firmsuseacombinationoftwosupplysources,onefocusingoncostandabletohandleuncertaintywell,andtheotherfocusingonflexibilitytohandleuncertainty,butatahighercost.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
21.Tailoredsourcingmaybevolume-basedorproduct-baseddependingonthesourceofuncertainty.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
22.Involume-basedtailoredsourcing,thepredictablepartofaproduct’sdemandisproducedataflexiblefacility,whereastheuncertainportionisproducedatanefficientfacility.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
23.Inproduct-basedtailoredsourcing,low-volumeproductswithuncertaindemandareobtainedfromaflexiblesource,whilehigh-volumeproductswithlessdemanduncertaintyareobtainedfromanefficientsource.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
24.Acontractmaycontainspecificationsregardingquantity,price,time,andquality.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
25.Doublemarginalizationreferstothefactthatthetotalsupplychainisdividedbetweenthemanufacturerandtheretailer.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
26.Manufacturerscanusebuy-backcontractstoincreasetheirownprofitsaswellastotalsupplychainprofits.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
27.Buybacksencourageretailerstoincreasethelevelofproductavailability.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
28.Revenuesharingwithalowerwholesalepriceallowsretailersbutnotmanufacturerstoincreasetheirprofit.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
29.Revenuesharingencouragesretailerstoincreasethelevelofproductavailability.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
30.Manufacturerscanusecontractswithquantityflexibilitytoincreasetheirownprofitsattheexpenseoftotalsupplychainprofits.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
31.Withvendor-managedinventory（VMI）,thecontrolofthereplenishmentdecisionmovestothemanufacturerinsteadoftheretailer.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
32.VMIcanallowamanufacturertoincreasetheirprofitsaswellasprofitsfortheentiresupplychainbyincreasingsomeoftheeffectsofdoublemarginalization.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
MultipleChoice
1.Thelevelofproductavailability
a.isalsoreferredtoasthecustomerservicelevel.
b.isanimportantcomponentofanysupplychain’sresponsiveness.
c.increasesrevenuesforthesupplychainbyincreasingsales.
d.Alloftheabovearetrue.
e.Onlyaandbaretrue.
Answer:
e
Difficulty:
Hard
2.Asupplychaincanuseahighlevelofproductavailabilityto
a.improveitsresponsivenessandattractcustomers.
b.reducecostsforthesupplychainbyreducinginventories.
c.increaserevenuesforthesupplychainbyincreasingsales.
d.Alloftheabovearetrue.
e.Onlyaandcaretrue.
Answer:
e
Difficulty:
Easy
3.Ahighlevelofproductavailabilityrequires
a.largeinventoriesandtendstoraisecostsforthesupplychain.
b.largeinventoriesandtendstoreducecostsforthesupplychain.
c.smallinventoriesandtendstoraisecostsforthesupplychain.
d.smallinventoriesandtendstoreducecostsforthesupplychain.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
a
Difficulty:
Easy
4.Asupplychainneedstoachieveabalancebetweenthelevelofavailabilityandthecostofinventorythat
a.maximizessupplychainrevenues.
b.minimizessupplychaincosts.
c.maximizessupplychainprofitability.
d.maximizessupplychainavailability.
e.alloftheabove
Answer:
c
Difficulty:
Moderate
5.Whethertheoptimallevelofproductavailabilityishighorlowdependsonwhereaparticularcompanybelievestheycan
a.minimizecost.
b.maximizerevenue.
c.maximizeprofits.
d.maximizeproductavailability.
e.alloftheabove
Answer:
c
Difficulty:
Moderate
6.Thekeyfactorsthatinfluencetheoptimallevelofproductavailabilitydonotinclude
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.Alloftheabovearekeyfactors.
e.Noneoftheabovearekeyfactors.
Answer:
b
Difficulty:
Moderate
7.Thelossincurredbyafirmforeachunsoldunitattheendofthesellingseasonis
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.thecostofoversellingtheproduct.
e.thecostofundersellingtheproduct.
Answer:
a
Difficulty:
Moderate
8.Themarginlostbyafirmforeachlostsalebecausethereisnoinventoryonhandis
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.thecostofoversellingtheproduct.
e.thecostofundersellingtheproduct.
Answer:
c
Difficulty:
Moderate
9.Themarginlostfromcurrentaswellasfuturesalesifthecustomerdoesnotreturnshouldbeincludedin
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.thecostofoversellingtheproduct.
e.thecostofundersellingtheproduct.
Answer:
c
Difficulty:
Moderate
10.Whichofthefollowingisnotasituationinvolvingthetrade-offbetweenthecostofoverstockingandthecostofunderstocking?
a.seasonalproductswhereallleftoveritemsmustbedisposedofattheendoftheseason
b.continuouslystockeditemswheredemandduringstockoutisbacklogged
c.continuouslystockeditemswheredemandduringstockoutislost
d.continuouslystockeditemswheredemandduringstockoutisredirected
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
d
Difficulty:
Moderate
11.Thecostsofoverstockingandunderstockinghaveadirectimpacton
a.theoptimalcycleservicelevelbutnotprofitability.
b.profitabilitybutnottheoptimalcycleservicelevel.
c.boththeoptimalcycleservicelevelandprofitability.
d.neithertheoptimalcycleservicelevelorprofitability.
e.theoptimalcycleservicelevelandanindirectimpactonprofitability.
Answer:
c
Difficulty:
Moderate
12.Whichofthefollowingisnotamanageriallevertoincreaseprofitability?
a.increasingthesalvagevalueofeachunit
b.decreasingthemarginlostfromastockout
c.reducingdemanduncertainty
d.reducingthelevelofproductavailabilitybelowoptimal
e.increasingforecastaccuracy
Answer:
d
Difficulty:
Moderate
13.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeastrategytoincreasethesalvagevalueofanunsoldproduct?
a.discardingtheunused
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