模具设计外文翻译模具热处理及其导向平行设计.docx

模具设计外文翻译模具热处理及其导向平行设计.docx

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模具设计外文翻译模具热处理及其导向平行设计

附录

（一）外文原文

HeatTreatmentofDieandMouldOrientedConcurrentDesign

LIXiong,ZHANGHong-bing,RUANXue—yu,LUOZhong—hua,ZHANGYan

Abstract:

Manydisadvantagesexistinthetraditionaldiedesignmethodwhichbelongstoserialpattern.Itiswellknownthatheattreatmentishighlyimportanttothedies.Anewideaofconcurrentdesignforheattreatmentprocessofdieandmouldwasdevelopedinordertoovercometheexistentshortcomingsofheattreatmentprocess.HeattreatmentCAD/CAEwasintegratedwithconcurrentcircumstanceandtherelevantmodelwasbuilt.Theseinvestigationscanremarkablyimproveefficiency,reducecostandensurequalityofRandDforproducts.

Keywords:

diedesign,heattreatment;,mould

Traditionaldieandmoulddesign,mainlybyexperienceorsemi—experience，isisolatedfrommanufacturingprocess.Beforethedesignisfinalized，theschemeofdieandmouldisusuallymodifiedtimeandagain，thussomedisadvantagescomeintobeing,suchaslongdevelopmentperiod,highcostanduncertainpracticaleffect.Duetostrongdesiresforprecision,servicelife,developmentperiodandcost,moderndieandmouldshouldbedesignedandmanufacturedperfectly.Thereforemoreandmoreadvancedtechnologiesandinnovationshavebeenapplied,forexample,concurrentengineering,agilemanufacturingvirtualmanufacturing,collaborativedesign,etc.

Heattreatmentofdieandmouldisasimportantasdesign,manufactureandassemblybecauseithasavitaleffectonmanufacture，assemblyandservicelife．Designandmanufactureofdieandmouldhaveprogressedrapidly，butheattreatmentlaggedseriouslybehindthem．Asdieandmouldindustrydevelops，heattreatmentmustensuredieandmouldtherearegoodstateofmanufacture，assemblyandwear—resistantpropertiesbyrequest.Impertinentheattreatmentcaninfluencedieandmouldmanufacturingsuchasover—hardand—softandassembly．Traditionallytheheattreatmentprocesswasmadeoutaccordingtothemethodsandpropertiesbroughtforwardbydesigner．Thiscouldmakethedesignersofdieandmouldandheattreatmentdivergefromeachother，forthedesignersofdieandmouldcouldnotfullyrealizeheattreatmentprocessandmaterialsproperties，andcontrarilythedesignersrarelyunderstoodtheserviceenvironmentanddesigningthought.Thesedivergenceswillimpacttheprogressofdieandmouldtoagreatextent.Accordingly，iftheprocessdesignofheattreatmentisconsideredintheearlydesigningstage，theaimsofshorteningdevelopmentperiod，reducingcostandstabilizingqualitywillbeachievedandthesublimationofdevelopmentpatternfromserialtoconcurrentwillberealized．

Concurrentengineeringtakescomputerintegrationsystemasacarrier,attheverystartsubsequenteachstageandfactorshavebeenconsideredsuchasmanufacturing，heattreating，propertiesandsoforthinordertoavoidtheerror．Theconcurrentpatternhasdismissedthedefectofserialpattern,whichbringaboutarevolutionagainstserialpattern．

Inthepresentwork．theheattreatmentwasintegratedintotheconcurrentcircumstanceofthedieandmoulddevelopment，andthesystemicandprofoundresearchwasperformed．

1HeatTreatmentUnderConcurrentCircumstance

Theconcurrentpatterndiffersultimatelyfromtheserialpattern（seeFig．1）.Withregardtoserialpattern，thedesignersmostlyconsiderthestructureandfunctionofdieandmould，yethardlyconsidertheconsequentprocess，sothattheformermistakesareeasilyspreadbackwards．Meanwhile，thedesigndepartmentrarelycommunicateswiththeassembling，costaccountingandsalesdepartments．Theseproblemscertainlywillinfluencethedevelopmentprogressofdieandmouldandthemarketforeground．Whereasintheconcurrentpattern，therelationsamongdepartmentsareclose，therelateddepartmentsalltakepartinthedevelopmentprogressofdieandmouldandhavecloseintercommunionwithpurchasers．Thisispropitioustoeliminationoftheconflictsbetweendepartments，increasetheefficiencyandreducethecost．

Heattreatmentprocessintheconcurrentcircumstanceismadeoutnotafterblueprintandworkpiecetakenbutduringdieandmoulddesigning．Inthisway，itisfavorabletooptimizingtheheattreatmentprocessandmakingfulluseofthepotentialofthematerials．

2IntegrationofHeatTreatmentCAD／CAEforDieandMould

ItcanbeseenfromFig．2thattheprocessdesignandsimulationofheattreatmentarethecoreofintegrationframe．AfterinformationinputviaproductdesignmoduleandheattreatmentprocessgeneratedviaheattreatmentCADandheattreatmentCAEmodulewillautomaticallydividethemeshforpartsdrawing，simulationtemperaturefieldmicrostructureanalysisafterheat—treatmentandthedefectofpossibleemerging（suchasoverheat,overburning），andthentheheattreatmentprocessisjudgediftheoptimizationismadeaccordingtotheresultreappearedbystereoscopicvisiontechnology．MoreovertoolandclampingapparatusCADandCAMareintegratedintothissystem．

Theconcurrentengineeringbasedintegrationframecanshareinformationwithotherbranch．Thatmakesforoptimizingtheheattreatmentprocessandensuringtheprocesssound．

2.13-Dmodelandstereoscopicvisiontechnologyforheattreatment

Theproblemsaboutmaterials，structureandsizefordieandmouldcanbediscoveredassoonaspossibleby3-Dmodelforheattreatmentbasedontheshapeofdieandmould．Modelingheatingconditionandphasetransformationconditionfordieandmouldduringheattreatmentareworkable，becauseithasbeenbrokenthroughforthecalculationofphasetransformationthermodynamics，phasetransformationkinetics，phasestress,thermalstress，heattransfer，hydrokineticsetc．Forexample，3-Dheat—conductingalgorithmmodelsforlocalheatingcomplicatedimpressionandasymmetricdieandmould，andMARCsoftwaremodelsformicrostructuretransformationwasused．Computercanpresenttheinformationsoftemperature，microstructureandstressatarbitrarytimeanddisplaytheentiretransformationprocedureintheformof3-Dbycouplingtemperaturefield,microstructurefieldandstressfield．Ifthepropertycanbecoupled,variouspartialpropertiescanbepredictedbycomputer．

2.2Heattreatmentprocessdesign

Duetothespecialrequestsforstrength，hardness，surfaceroughnessanddistortionduringheattreatmentfordieandmould，theparametersincludingquenchingmediumtype，quenchingtemperatureandtemperingtemperatureandtime，mustbeproperlyselected，andwhetherusingsurfacequenchingorchemicalheattreatmenttheparametersmustberightlydetermined．Itisdifficulttodeterminetheparametersbycomputerfully．Sincecomputertechnologydevelopsquicklyinrecentdecades,thedifficultywithlarge—scalecalculationhasbeenovercome．Bysimulatingandweighingtheproperty，thecostandtherequiredperiodafterheattreatment．itisnotdifficulttooptimizetheheattreatmentprocess．

2.3Databaseforheattreatment

AheattreatmentdatabaseisdescribedinFig．3．Thedatabaseisthefoundationofmakingoutheattreatmentprocess．Generally，heattreatmentdatabaseisdividedintomaterialsdatabaseandprocessdatabase．Itisaninexorabletrendtopredictthepropertybymaterialsandprocess．Althoughitisdifficulttoestablishapropertydatabase，itisnecessarytoestablishthedatabasebyaseriesoftests．Thematerialsdatabaseincludessteelgrades,chemicalcompositions，propertiesandhomeandabroadgradesparalleltables．Theprocessdatabaseincludesheattreatmentcriterions，classes，heatpreservationtimeandcoolingvelocity．Basedonthedatabase，heattreatmentprocesscanbecreatedbyinferringfromrules．

2.4Toolandequipmentforheattreatment

Afterheattreatmentprocessisdetermined，toolandequipmentCAD／CAEsystemtransferstheinformationaboutdesignandmanufacturetothenumericalcontroldevice．Throughrapidtoolingprototype，thereliabilityoftoolandtheclampingapparatuscanbejudged．Thewholeprocedureistransferredbynetwork，inwhichthereisnoman—madeinterference．

3KeyTechnique

3.1Couplingoftemperature，microstructure，stressandproperty

Heattreatmentprocedureisaprocedureoftemperature-microstructure—stressinteraction．Thethreefactorscanallinfluencetheproperty（seeFig．4）．Duringheatingandcooling，hotstressandtransformationwillcomeintobeingwhenmicrostructurechanges.Transformationtemperature-microstructureandtemperature—microstructure—andstress-propertyinteractoneachother．Researchontheinteractionofthefourfactorshasbeengreatlydeveloped,buttheuniversalmathematicmodelhasnotbeenbuilt．Manymodelsfitthetestnicely，buttheycannotbeputintopractice．Difficultieswithmostofmodelsaresolvedinanalyticsolution，andnumericalmethodisemployedsothattheinaccuracyofcalculationexists．

Evenso，comparingexperiencemethodwithqualitativeanalysis，heattreatmentsimulationbycomputermakesgreatprogress．

3.2Establishmentandintegrationofmodels

Thedevelopmentprocedurefordieandmouldinvolvesdesign,manufacture，heattreatment，assembly，maintenanceandsoon．Theyshouldhaveowndatabaseandmode1．Theyareinserieswitheachotherbytheentity—relationmodel．Throughestablishingandemployingdynamicinferencemechanism，theaimofoptimizingdesigncanbeachieved．Therelationbetweenproductmodelandothermodelswasbuilt．Theproductmodelwillchangeincasethecellmodelchanges．Infact，itbelongstotherelationofdatawithdieandmould．Afterheattreatmentmodelisintegratedintothesystem，itisnomoreanisolatedunitbutamemberwhichisclosetoothermodelsinthesystem．Aftersearching，calculatingandreasoningfromtheheattreatmentdatabase,procedureforheattreatment，whichisrestrictedbygeom