浏阳市高考英语阅读理解和书面表达一轮选练10及答案.docx

浏阳市高考英语阅读理解和书面表达一轮选练10及答案.docx

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浏阳市高考英语阅读理解和书面表达一轮选练10及答案

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

体裁：

议论文　话题：

健康生活　时间：

7分钟

Anewstudysuggestsyouarewhereyoulive—atleastintermsofweight.

Aruraladdresscouldbeariskfactorforbeingoverweight，accordingtotheresearchpublishedinthefallissueofTheJournalofRuralHealth.

Thestudy，ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofKansas，analyzeddatafromtheNationalCenterforHealthStatistics.Theysaiditisthefirstinmorethan30yearstouseactualmeasurementsofheightandweight，ratherthanselfreporteddata，whichcanbeunreliable.

About70millionAmericans，or23%ofthepopulation，liveinruralareas.Theresearchersfoundthat39.6%ofthemareobese（肥胖的），while33.4%ofurbanresidentsareobese.Includingoverweightpeopleaswell，thecomparativetotalsare70.8%and67.1%，thestudysaid.

Thefactorsatworkcouldbethe“culturaldiet”ofruralAmerica，aswellastheisolation（隔离）thatoftenexists，saidtheleadresearcher，ChristieBefort，assistantprofessorofpreventivemedicineandpublichealthattheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenter.

Thatdietincludes“richhomemadefoods”withlotsofmeatanddesserts，shesaid.RuralAmericanstypicallyconsumemorefatsthantheirurbancounterparts，thestudyfound.

Anotherfactorcouldbetheincreasedmechanization（机械化）offarmwork，Befortsaid.Oldergenerationsshowedlessdifferenceinweightthanyoungerones—olderfarmerswouldhaveputinmorephysicallabor，shesaid.

“Althoughsomeintervention（介入）researchhasbeguntoaddressobesityamongruraladultsandfamilies，greatattentionneedstobefocusedonwidespreadeffectiveprogramsinruralareas，whichcontainsomeofthelargestmedicallyunderservedcommunitiesinthenation，”theresearcherssaid.

【语篇导读】　肥胖症的研究有了新的发现——居住地也是造成肥胖症的重要因素。

39.6%的美国乡下居民患有肥胖症，这与油腻的饮食、农场机械化、落后的医疗服务等有很大的关系。

1．Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyaboutweightinthepassage?

A．Thenewstudyisthefirststudyofruralobesityinthepast30years.

B．Thenewstudyisthefirsttimetoresearchintothecauseofobesity.

C．Resultsinthepastyearscanbeinaccurateastheyhaven'tadoptedactualmeasurements.

D．Theresultofthenewstudyisnotreliableatall.

解析　推理判断题。

根据第三段可知，这个研究分析了国家健康中心的数据，是近30年来第一次使用身高和体重的实际测量数据，而不是使用未必可靠的“自我报告的数据（selfreporteddata）”，从这些信息可推知，过去的研究数据不是很准确，不太可靠。

因此选C。

答案　C

2．Whatdoweknowfromthefourthparagraph?

A．TheruralpopulationinAmericahasincreasedby23%.

B．About27.72millionruralAmericanshavetheproblemofobesity.

C．Obesepeoplehavemovedtoliveinthecountrysideforitsnaturalenvironment.

D．23%ofthe70millionAmericansliveinthecountryside.

解析　推理判断题。

第四段说美国人口的23%，即七千万美国人，住在农村，其中39.6%是肥胖者，因此B正确（39.6%×70million＝27.72million）。

C项文章未提及，A、D项均是对第四段第一句话的曲解。

答案　B

3．Whatdoesthereportsuggesttodealwiththeproblem?

A．Callingonthefarmerstodomorephysicalwork.

B．Payingattentiontowidespreadeffectiveprogramsinruralareas.

C．Gettingfarmersconnectedwitheachother.

D．Persuadingpeopletomovetotheurbanarea.

解析　细节理解题。

根据最后一段可知，研究者认为应该更关注向农村——那里有医疗服务极其低下的地区——推广有效的项目，由此推断选B。

答案　B

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“address”inthelastparagraphmean?

A．dealwith　　B．writedown　　

C．referto　　D．cure

解析　猜测词义题。

最后一段研究员介绍了如何应对肥胖问题，因此该词的含义应该是“对付，处理”，而不是“治疗”。

答案　A

【长难句解读】　

原文　“Althoughsomeintervention（介入）researchhasbeguntoaddressobesityamongruraladultsandfamilies，greatattentionneedstobefocusedonwidespreadeffectiveprogramsinruralareas，whichcontainsomeofthelargestmedicallyunderservedcommunitiesinthenation，”theresearcherssaid.

译文　研究者称：

“尽管已经开始了一些介入性的研究来解决乡村成年人与家庭的肥胖问题，但也需要关注向乡村地区大范围地推广有效的项目，在乡村有些地方医疗水平极其低下。

”

分析　Although在句中引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ruralareas。

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Sometimes,thesimplestideasarethebest.Forexample,toabsorbheatfromthesuntoheatwater,youneedlarge,flat,blacksurfaces.Onewaytodothatistobuildthosesurfacesspecially,ontheroofsofbuildings.Butwhygotoallthattroublewhencitiesarefullofblacksurfacesalready,intheformofasphalt（柏油）roads?

Tenyearsago,thisthoughtcameintothemindofAriandeBondt,aDutchengineer.Hefinallypersuadedhisbosstofollowitup.Theresultisthattheirbuildingisnowheatedinwinterandcooledinsummerbyasystemthatreliesonthesurfaceoftheroadoutside.

Theheat-collectorisasystemofconnectedwaterpipes.Mostofthemrunfromonesideofthestreettotheother,justundertheasphaltroad.Some,however,divedeepintotheground.

Whenthestreetsurfacegetshotinsummer,waterpumpedthroughthepipespicksupthisheatandtakesitundergroundthroughoneofthedivingpipes.Atadepthof100metresliesanaturalaquifer（蓄水层）intowhichseveralheatexchangers（交换器）havebeenbuilt.Thehotwaterfromthestreetrunsthroughtheseexchangers,warmingtheground-water,beforereturningtothesurfacethroughanotherpipe.Theaquiferisthususedasaheatstore.

Inwinter,theworkingsystemischangedslightly.Waterispumpedthroughthehe

atexchangerstopickuptheheatstoredduringsummer.Thiswatergoesintothebuildingandisusedtowarmtheplaceup.Afterperformingthattask,itispumpedundertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.AriandeBondtgothisideafromhisboss.

B.Large,flat,blacksurfacesneedtobebuiltincities.

C.TheDutchengineer’ssystemhasbeenwidelyused.

D.Heatcanalsobecollectedfromasphaltroads.

2.Forwhatpurposearethedivingpipesused?

A.Toabsorbheatfromthesun.B.Tostoreheatforfutureuse.

C.Toturnsolarenergyintoheatenergy.D.Tocarryheatdownbelowthesurface.

3.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat　　　.　

A.somepipeshavetobere-arrangedinwinter

B.thesystemcandomorethanwarmingupthebuilding

C.theexchangerswillpickupheatfromthestreetsurface

D.lessheatmaybecollectedinwinterthaninsummer

4.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?

A.Whatweshalldoifthesystemgoeswrong.

B.Whatweshalldoiftherearenoasphaltroads.

C.Howthesystemcoolsthebuildinginsummer.

D.Howthesystemcollectsheatinspringandautumn.

【参考答案】1-4DDBC　

阅读理解。

DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:

acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.

“Ihavetwokidsincollege,andIwanttosay‘comehome,’butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJac

obs.

TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution:

Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidformtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan（贷款）program.Theywilleachgraduat

ewith$20,000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.

Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.

Atthesametime,tuition（学费）continuestorise.AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439%from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust14

7%.Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade,

“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation,”saysPatrickM.Callan,presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittak

es,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.”

Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem.Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whydidtheplanofJacobsfamilyfail?

A.Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney.B

.Thefatherwasoutofwork.

C.Theirsavingranout.D.Thefamilyfellapart.

2.HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?

A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome.

B.Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschool.

C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.

D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment.

3.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_______.

A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobses

B.thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaint

C.collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoon

D.America’sunemploymentwillfall

4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamilies

fromthetext?

A.Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease.

B.Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.

C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.

D.Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thegovernmentwill.

A.providemoststudentswillscholarships

B.dismisssomefinancialaidadministrators

C.stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloans

D.goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents

【文章大意】这是一篇关于学费贷款的文章。

【参考答案】1---5、BDACD

66.答案B。

根据文章第

一段的herhusbandlosthisjob可以得出，双胞胎儿子好上学交学费，丈夫事业，家庭陷入困境。

停止，两者是对立关系。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

TheHearstCastle

HearstCastleisapalatialparkonthecentralCaliforniacoastandaNationalHistoricLandmark．ItwasdesignedbyarchitectJuliaMorganforWilliamRandolphHearstfrom1919until1947．In1957,theHearstCorporatio