初三英语复习语法知识倒装句的构成.docx
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初三英语复习语法知识倒装句的构成
初三英语复习语法知识：
倒装句的构成
英语语法知识：
倒装句的构成
v英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。
v如果“谓语或谓语的一部分＋主语”，这样的句子就叫倒装句。
倒装原因，一是语法结构上的需要（如疑问句），一是为了强调。
倒装结构分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
一、完全倒装：
将谓语动词完全移到主语前面
v1．用于therebe（lie，stand，live，seem，appear，exist，come）中。
vThereisabookandtwonotebooksonthedesk．桌子上有一本书和两个笔记本。
vTherestandsapostofficeatthecornerofthestreet．街的拐角处有一个邮局。
v2．here，now，then，out，in，up，down，off，back，away用句首
vHereisaletterforyou．
v有你一封信。
vThencamethedayofhisexamination．
v接着他考试的那天到来了。
vDownjumpedtheboyfromthewall．
v孩子从墙上跳了下来。
v但当主语是人称代词时，主谓不能倒装。
例如：
vHereshecomes．她来了。
v3．用于直接引语后面，点明说话人
v“Ifyoudie，whowillgetyourmoney？
”askedHolmes．“如果你死了，谁会得到你的钱？
”福尔摩斯问。
v如果主语是代词，或谓语含有助动词、情态动词时，则不能倒装。
例如：
v“Idon'tknowher．”Hewillsay．“我不认识她。
”他会说。
v4．为了保持句子平衡、衔接或为了强调表语或状语，可把介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到主语前，用完全倒装语序
vAmongthemwasanengineerwhohadbeenworkingonthatobjectformanyyears．他们当中有一位多年研究那个课题的工程师。
vHecameintoabigroom，inthemiddleofwhichstoodalargetable．他来到一个大房间，房间中央有一张大桌子。
vSouthofthecityliesamiddleschool．城市南边有一所中学。
vHangingonthewallwasabeautifulpicture．一幅漂亮的画挂在墙上。
二、部分倒装：
只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，为部分倒装
v1．用于疑问句中
vIshereadingorplaying？
他在读书还是在写字？
v2．否定词little，notonly，notuntil，never，seldom，barely（几乎不），neverbefore，nosooner．．．than．．．，neither．．．nor．．．，nowhere，notabit，innotime用句首
vLittledidhecareabouthisownsafety，thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself．
v虽然他自己处在危险中，但他几乎不关心自己的安全。
vNotonlywasthecitypollutedbutthestreetswerecrowded．
v这城市不仅被污染了，而且街道也很拥挤。
vNeitherdoeshedrinknordoeshesmoke．
v他既不喝酒也不抽烟。
v3．在so／such．．．that句型中，把so／such修饰的一部分用句首，主句部分倒装
vSoshallowisthelakethatnofishcanliveinit．
v这湖这么浅，没有鱼能在里面生存。
vSuchaninterestingfilmisitthatweareallmoved．
v这是一部如此有趣的电影，以致我们大家都很感动。
v4．only＋副词、介词短语、状语从句用句首
vOnlythendidItakepityonhim．只有到那时我才同情他。
vOnlywithhardworkcanyouexpecttogetapayrise．只有努力工作你才能期望加薪。
v5．so＋形容词、副词用句首
vSoloudlyishespeaking．
v他讲话声音很大。
v6．so用于肯定句、nor／neither用于否定句，用句首，译为“也”。
so译为“的确”不倒装“Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently．”“Sohehasandsohaveyou．”
v“最近大卫取得了很大进步。
”“他的确取得了很大进步，你也是。
”
v“Idon‘tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther．”“NeitherdoI．Let’sstophereforarest．”
v“我想我不能再走了。
”“我也是。
我们就在这儿停下歇一会儿吧。
”
v7．让步状语从句中，通常将名词（不带冠词）、形容词、副词、动词原形提前。
v虽然他聪明，但他学习不好。
vCleverasheis，hedoesn‘tstudywell．
v虽然我很想帮助你，但现在我很忙。
vMuchasIwouldliketohelpyou，Iambusynow．
vObjectasyoumay，I‘llgo．
v纵使你反对，我也要去。
v8．在某些表示祝愿的句子里。
vMayyoubehappy！
祝你幸福！
v9．如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should时，可把if省略，把条件句倒装，结构是：
Were（Should或Had）＋主语
vWereIyou（＝IfIwereyou），Iwouldn'tdoit．如果我是你，我不会做那件事。
vShouldshecome（＝Ifsheshouldcome），tellhertocallmeup．如果她来的话，告诉她给我打电话。
v1．NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted．
vA．didn'tIrealizeB．didIrealize
vC．Ididn'trealizeD．Irealized
vB。
notuntil置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，until引导的时间状语从句用正常语序。
v2．Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage．
vA．youcanB．canyou
vC．youwillD．willyou
vD。
only置于句首修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句时，句子要用倒装语序。
v3．—DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother？
v —Idon'tknow，____．
vA．nordon'tIcareB．nordoIcare
vC．Idon'tcareneither
vD．Idon'tcarealso
vB。
nor或neither置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序，表示前面否定的内容也适合于倒装句的主语。
v4．Notonly____pollutedbutcrowded．
vA．wasthecity；werethestreets
vB．thecitywas；werethestreets
vC．wasthecity；thestreetswere
vD．thecitywas；thestreetswere
vC。
notonly．．．but（also）．．．表示“不但……而且……”，若连接两个并列分句，且notonly置于句首时，notonly后面的分句要用倒装语序，而but（also）后面的分句用正常语序。
v5．Little____abouthisownsafety，thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself．
vA．doeshecareB．didhecare
vC．hecaresD．hecared
vB。
little，not，hardly，never等含有否定意义的副词置于句首时，句子要用倒装
初三英语阅读理解训练题及答案三
（一）
MrBrownwasgoingawayforaweek.Beforeheleft,hesaidtohisson,"ifanyoneasksforme,youcantellhimthatyourfatherhasbeenoutfordoingsomething,andwillbebackinaweek,thenbesuretoaskhimtositdownforacupoftea."
"OK,Dad,"saidhisson.Buthewasafraidhissoncouldn'trememberthis,hewrotethesewordsdownonapieceofpaperandgaveittohim.Hissonputitintohissmallpocket,tookitoutandlookedatiteverynowandthen.
Fourdayspassed,butnoonecametoseehisfather.Theboythoughtthattherewasnomantocomeandthatthepieceofpaperwasofnomoreuseforhim,soheburntitthatevening.
Thenextafternoon,someoneknockedatthedoor.Theboyopenedit.Amanwasstandingatthedoorandsaid,"Whereisyourfather?
"Theboyputhishandintohispocketatonceandlookedforthepieceofpaper.Hecouldnotfindit.Hesuddenlyrememberedhehadburntit,soheshouted,"Nomore."
Themanwasverysurprised.Heasked,"Nomore?
Imetyourfatherlastweek.Whendidithappen?
"
"Burntyesterdayevening."
1.MrBrowntoldhissonthat_____.
A.hewouldbeawayfromhomeforfourdays
B.hewouldbebackinsevendays
C.hewouldbebackinamonth
D.helikedacupoftea
2.MrBrownwrotethewordsdownon________.
A.thewallB.thedoor
C.apieceofpaperD.hisson'spocket
3.Amancametovisittheboy'sfatheron________.
A.theseconddayB.thethirddayC.thefourthdayD.thefifthday
4.Themanwasverysurprisedbecause_________.
A.hethoughtthechild'sfatherwasdead
B.thechilddidn'taskhimtositdown
C.thechildgavehimacupoftea
D.hecouldn'tfindthatpieceofpaper
5.Whatwasburnt?
___________.
A.ThepieceofpaperB.MrSmithC.ThevisitorD.Theboy
KEY:
BCDAA
（二）
Oneofthethingstobelearntinaforeignlanguageisguessingallthetimewhatkindofthingtocomewhenlisteningtosomeonetalking.Peopledothisallthetimeintheirownlanguage,soitisnecessary（必要的）todothisinaforeignlanguage,too.Herearesomeexamples.
1."What'sthematter？
""Iwenttoapartylastnight,soI…"
2."Ifeelsotiredthesedays.""Ithinkyou'dbetter…"
3."Ofcourse,sheneverstopstalking.Sheisoneofthemost…"
Youcanseefromtheabovethreeexamplesthatthecontext（上下文）helpsalotinunderstandingwhatisbeingtalkedabout.So"guessing"isveryimportantinunderstandingEnglish,especially（尤其）spokenEnglish.
1.Thispassagetellsusmainlyabout_________.
A.theimportanceof"guessing"inlearningaforeignlanguage
B.howtoguesswhatoneisgoingtotalkabout
C.someexamplesofrightguessing
D.howimportantitistoguessallthetime
2.fromthecontext,wecanseemaybethefinishedanswerinEXAMPLEIis_________.
A."…soIdidn'thaveagoodtime."B."…soIwenttobedverylate."
C."….SoIfeltunhappy."D."…soIgotupveryearly."
3.MaybethefinishedanswerinEXAMPLE2is________.
A."Ithinkyou'dbetterhaveagoodrestandtakegoodcareofyourself."
B."Ithinkyou'dbetterhavesomethingtodrink."
C."Ithinkyou'dbettergetsomehelpfromyourfriends."
D."Ithinkyou'dbetterbemorecareful."
4.MaybethefinishedanswerinEXAMPLE3is______.
A."…sheisoneofthemostfamousfilmstars."
B."…sheisoneofthemostbeautifulwomen."
C."…sheisoneofthemostfamousspeakers."
D."..sheisoneofthemosttalkativewomen."
5.Fromthepassagewecaninfer（推断）thatguessingis_______inlearningaforeignlanguage.
A.theonlyway
B.moreimportantinspokenEnglishthaninwrittenEnglish
C.moreimportantthananyotherway
D.moreimportantinwrittenEnglishthaninspokenEnglish
KEY:
ABADB
（三）
UncleLiandUncleWangaregoodfriends.Theylivenexttoeachotherandtheirfarmsarebothatthefootofthemountain.Sotheycanhelpeachother.Butneitherofthemlikestousehishead.They'rebothpoorthoughtheyworkhard.Mostvillagershavebuiltnewhouses,buttheystillliveinthelowandbrokenhouses.Theyneverfindoutwhy.
OnceUncleLiwenttotowntobuysomemedicineforhiswife.Inthetownheheardtheapplesinacitywereexpensive.HetoldUncleWangaboutitassoonashewentback.Theydecidedtocarrysomeapplestothecity.Theyborrowedsomemoneyfromtheirfriendsandboughtnearly1,000kilogramsofapplesinthevillagesandcarriedthemtothecityonatractor.Badluck!
Alotofappleshasalreadybeencarriedtherewhentheyarrived.Afewdayslatertheyhadtosellthematalowprice（价格）。
Theyfeltunhappyandreturnedtotheirvillage.
"Ican'tunderstandwhywesustained（蒙受）lossesinbusinesswhileothersalwaysprofit（盈利）"UncleLiaskedoneday.
"Thetractorwastoosmall"UncleWangsaidwithoutthinking."We'llcarrymoreapplesonatrucknexttime!
"
"Iagree!
"saidUncleLi."Howfoolish（傻的）wewere!
"
1.UncleLiandUncleWangliveinthelowandbrokenhousesbecause__________.
A.theyhopetosavemoney
B.they'rebothpoor
C.theirfarmsareatthefootofthemountain
D.they'renotfarfromtheirfarms
2.Thetwofarmerscarriedtheapplestothecityto_________.
A.makeajourneyB.visitsomeplacesofinterest
C.meettheirfriendsD.makeaprofit
3.thetowfarmershadtoselltheirapplesatalowpricebecause________.
A.theirsweren'tasgoodastheothers'
B.theirsweremuchlessthantheothers'
C.alotofappleshadbeenalreadycarriedtothecity
D.theyforgottocarrythemonatruck
4.UncleLiandUncleWangwereunhappybecause_________.
A.theyhadsustainedlossesinbusiness
B.theyhadlostsomemoneyinthecity
C.somethingwaswrongwiththetractor
D.otherpeopleprofitedinthecity
5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Thetwofarmersfoundoutwhytheywerepoor.
B.Thetwofarmerswillsoongetrich.
C.Neitherofthefarmersisclever.
D.Thetwofarmersdecidedtobuyatruck.
KEY:
BDCAC
v
初二
升级会员 