高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习18.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习18
2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习(18)及答案
阅读理解猜测词义Passage****************
Justputonyourspecialclothesinthemorningandyoucouldjump3metersintotheairandevencarrymorethan60kilogramswithoutgettingtired.Thewalktoschoolwouldbevery,veryeasy.Suchsophisticatedclothingisoneoftheproductsthatcouldbecreatedusing"wearablerobotics"technology.
Designedtoimproveaperson'ssensesandskills,thedevice(装置)couldbeassimpleasahearingaid.Oritcouldbeafull-bodysuitthatsenseswhatyou'regoingtodo,thenhelpsyoudoitbetter.
Robotlegshelpamancarryaheavyload.
"ASupermansuitwouldbethefinalresultinwearablerobotics,"saidFrancoisPin,headofroboticsandenergysystemsattheOakRidgeNationalLaboratory(橡树岭国有验室),US.Whilethesesuitsareatleasttenyearsaway,insomeare-asthetechnologyisalreadyinuse.
Researchersaredevelopingartificialarmsandlegsthatallowold,disabledorinjuredpeopletomovefreely.
Arobotisadevicethatrespondstoacommand.You'veprobablyplayedwithsimplerobots,suchastoycarsorairplanesthatrespondtobuttonsyoupushonaremotecontrol(遥控).
Wearableroboticsgoesfurther.Insteadofjustreceivinginformationthroughawireorremotecontrol,theroboticde-vicecansendinformationbacktoitscontroller.
Supposeyouworeasleeve(袖子)thathassensorswhereyourjoints(关节)are.Everytimeyoumoveyourarm,thesleevesensesyourmovementsandsendstheinformationtoarobot,whichthenmovesitsarmjustasyoudid.Whentherobothitsortouchessomething,itsendsasignalbacktothesleeveandyousensetheaction.
Inthisway,scientistsareworkingtowraptherobotaroundtheperson.Theirgoalistomakethesleeve,shoeorsuithelpyoudowhatyouwanttodo.
1.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"sophisticated"inParagraphI?
A.ExpensiveB.Super-new
C.AdvancedD.Fullofelectricity
答案:
C指导:
词义猜测题。
文章字里行间都表明这种衣服非常超前。
2.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.RemoteControlsB.HearingAids
C.RobotLegsD.Supersuits
答案:
D指导:
主旨大意题,整篇短文讲述的是supermanSuits问题。
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsshowsthedifferencebetweenrobotsandwearablerobotics?
A.Toycarsorplanescanrespondtobuttonsyoupushonaremotecontrol.
B.Robotscanreceiveinformationthroughawire.
C.Somedaysuperchargedclotheswillbeabletowraparoundyourbody.
D.Somedayyourrobot-poweredshoeswillbeabletoreportbackaswellasyougivethemorders.
答案:
D指导:
推断题。
C选项没说出区别,从倒数第三段及全文可推断出D项正确。
4.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatv_________.
A.itwillbe10yearsbeforeroboticdevicesareinuse
B.thewearableroboticstechnologyisquitematureinsomeareas
C.therobotsintheroboticdeviceswilldowhateveryouwanttodo
D.peoplemustbecomelazierandlesshealthyinthefuture
答案:
B指导:
细节题。
由第四段最后一句可知。
Adviceto“sleeponit”couldbewellfounded,scientistssay.Afteragoodnight’ssleepaproblemthatseemedimpossibletosolvethenightbeforecanoftenappeareasier,althoughnoevidencehasprovedthisbynow.ButresearchersattheUniversityofLuebekinGermanyhavedesignedanexperimentthatshowsagoodnight’ssleepcanimproveinsight(洞察力)andproblem-solving.“Ifyouhavesomenewlyacquiredmemoriesinyourbrain,sleepactsonthesememories,restructures(重构)them,sothataftersleeptheinsightintoaproblemwhichyoucouldnotsolvebeforeincreases,”saidDr.JanBom,aneuroscientist,attheuniversity.Totestthetheory,theytaughtvolunteerstwosimplerulestohelpthemputastringofnumbersintoaneworder.Therewasalsoathird,hiddenrule,whichcouldhelpthemincreasetheirspeedinsolvingtheproblem.Theresearchersdividedthevolunteersintotwogroups,halfwereallowedtosleepafterthetrainingwhiletheremainderswereforcedtostayawake.Bomandhisteamnoticedthatthegroupthathadsleptafterthetrainingweretwiceaslikelytofigureoutthethirdruleastheothergroup.“Sleephelped,”Bomsaidinatelephoneinterview.“Theimportantthingisthatyouhavetohaveamemoryrepresentationinyourbrainoftheproblemyouwanttosolveandthenyousleep,soitcanactontheproblem.”ButBomadmittedthatheandhisteamdon’tknowhowrestructuringofmemoriesoccursorwhatgovernsitorinwhichstageofsleepitworks.PierreMarquetteandPierreRubyoftheUniversityofLiegeinBelgiumsaidtheexperimentalevidencesupportsthesuggestionsthatsleepcanpromotecreativethinking.Althoughtheroleofsleepinhumancreativitywillstillbeamystery,theresearchgivespeoplegoodreasontofullyrespecttheirperiodsofsleep,theyadded.
36.Theunderlinedphrase“sleeponit”inthefirstlineprobablymeans_____.
A.toputsomethingasidetobesolveduntilthenextday
B.togetasmuchsleepaspossible
C.togoonsleepingwithoutbeingdisturbed
D.tosleeptillyougetupthenextmorning
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。
由“Afteragoodnight’ssleepaproblemthatseemedimpossibletosolvethenightbeforecanoftenappeareasier,”可知选A。
37.JanBomandhisteamcarriedouttheexperimentthrough_____
A.comparisonB.interviewC.surveyD.imagination
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。
由“Theresearchersdividedthevolunteersintotwogroups,halfwereallowedtosleepafterthetrainingwhiletheremainderswereforcedtostayawake.Bomandhisteamnoticedthatthegroupthathadsleptafterthetrainingweretwiceaslikelytofigureoutthethirdruleastheothergroup.”可知他们是通过比较来开展的实验。
故选A。
38.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.
A.peopleshouldsleepsolongastheyhavetime
B.sleepistheonlywaytosolvehardproblems
C.peoplehavevariousperiodsofsleep
D.peopleknowhowsleeprestructuresmemories
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。
由“ButBomadmittedthatheandhisteamdon’tknowhowrestructuringofmemoriesoccursorwhatgovernsitorinwhichstageofsleepitworks.”可知人们有不同的睡眠阶段。
故选C。
39.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.HowSleepWorksB.SleepHelpsSolveProblems
C.NoEvidence,ButWellFoundedD.Bom’sDiscoveryOnSleep
【答案】B
【解析】标题归纳题。
40.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?
A.Asciencefiction.B.Abookreview.
C.Anadvertisement.D.Anewspaper.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。
本文主要讲的是科学家的一项新的发现,以及有关的实验。
所以最可能出自报纸。
故选D。
阅读理解猜测词义Passage****************
Withoutmostpeoplerealizingit,therehasbeenrevolutioninofficeworkoverthelasttenyears.Beforethattime,largecomputerswereonlyusedbylargerichcompaniesthatcouldaffordtheinvestment.Withtheadvancementoftechnology,smallcomputershavecomeontothemarketwhicharecapableofdoingtheworkwhichusedtobedonebymuchlargerandexpensivecomputers,sonowmostsmallercompaniescanusethem.
Themaindevelopmentinsmallcomputershasbeeninthefieldofwordprocessorsystem,orWPSastheyareoftencalled.40%ofBritishofficesarenowestimatedtohaveawordprocessorandthispercentageisgrowingfast.
Therearemanyadvantagesinusingawordprocessorforbothsecretaryandmanager.Thesecretaryisfreedfromalotofdailywork,suchasretypinglettersandstoringpapers.Heorshecanusethistimetodoothermoreinterestingworkfortheboss.Fromamanager'spointofview,secretarialtimeisbeingmadebetteruseofandmoneycanbesavedbydoingdailyjobsautomaticallyoutsideofficehours.
Butisitallgood?
Ifalotofdailysecretarialworkcanbedoneautomatically,surelythiswillmeanthatfewersecretarieswillbeneeded.Anotherworryistheincreasingmedicalproblemsrelatedtoworkwithvisualdisplayunits(显示器).Theeaseofaslowlossofsightamongpeopleusingwordprocessorsseemstohaverisengreatly.ItisalsofearedthatifawomanworksataVDUforlonghours,theunbornchildinherbodymightbekilled.SafetyscreenstoputoveraVDUhavebeeninventedbutfewcompaniesinEnglandbothertobuythem.
Whatevertheargumentsforandagainstwordprocessors,theyareakeyfeatureofthisrevolutioninofficepractice.
1.Tenyearsago,largecomputerswereonlyusedbylargecompaniesbecause_________.
A.smallcompaniesdidnothaveenoughmoneytobuysuchexpensivecomputers
B.largecomputerscouldnotdotheworkthatsmallcompaniescandotoday
C.largecomputersdidnotcomeontothemarket
D.smallcompaniesdidnotneedtousethisnewtechnology
答案:
A指导:
推理判断题。
根据文章第一段第二句我们可以逆向推理,小公司不用大型电脑是因为他们出不起这笔钱。
2.Accordingtothewriter,themainprogressmadeinofficeworkoverthelasttenyearsis_________.
A.thesavingoftimeandmoney
B.theuseofcomputersinbigcompanies
C.thewideuseofwordprocessors
D.thedecreasingnumberofsecretaries
答案:
C指导:
细节判断题。
由第二题内容可知。
3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatwiththeuseofwordprocessors,_________.
A.somesecretarieswilllosetheirjobs
B.alljobscanbedoneautomaticallyoutsideofficehours
C.medicalproblemsrelatedtoworkwithaVDUmusthaveincreased
D.theBritishcompanieswillmakelessmoney
答案:
A指导:
推理判断题。
根据第四段第二句,我们可以推测,使用文字处理系统会导致更多的秘书失业。
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A.Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinusingawordprocessor.
B.TheBritishcompaniescaremuchforthehealthofthepeopleusingwordprocessors.
C.Thetechnologyinthefieldofcomputershasbeengreatlyadvancedoverthelasttenyears.
D.Usingwordprocessors,secretariescangetmoretimetodomoreinterestingworkfortheirbosses.
答案:
B指导:
推理判断题。
运用排除法或从第四段最后一句可知选项B的说法不当。
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阅读理解猜测词义Passage****************
Itisdifficultfordoctorstohelpapersonwithahurtbrain.Withoutenoughblood,thebrainlivesonly