中考英语语法现在完成时 专题复习 含练习题及答案全套.docx
《中考英语语法现在完成时 专题复习 含练习题及答案全套.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《中考英语语法现在完成时 专题复习 含练习题及答案全套.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![中考英语语法现在完成时 专题复习 含练习题及答案全套.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2022-12/29/f300e2f3-994f-46f8-97a8-496c2e94a229/f300e2f3-994f-46f8-97a8-496c2e94a2291.gif)
中考英语语法现在完成时专题复习含练习题及答案全套
2020年中考语法:
现在完成时专题复习
一、语法和句型
【知识梳理】
Presentperfecttense(现在完成时)
项目
内容
备注
概念
◇表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。
Eddiehaseaten myfood.
(EddieatethefoodandnowHobohasnothingtoeat.)
◇表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在,并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状态。
EddiehaslivedwithMillesincehewasborn.
Eddie haslived withMilleforfouryears.
构成
助动词has/have+动词的过去分词
动词过去分词规则变化跟对应的过去式一样,在后面加ed.特殊变化详见书本。
(P122-123)
肯定形式
They havefinished theirhomework.
Hehasfinished hishomework.
缩略形式:
theyhave=they’ve;
hehas=he’s
否定形式
They haven’tfinished theirhomework.
He hasn’tfinished hishomework.
疑问形式
Have theyfinishedtheirhomework?
Yes,theyhave./No,theyhaven’t.
关键词
already(用于肯定句),yet(用于否定句和疑问句),since+一点时间,for+一段时间,
never,ever,threetimes(其它表示频率的词,once,twice等)
before,recently,inthepast/lastfewyears,sofar,thismonth,today,now
◇表示过去某一个动作的结果,现在情况依然存在。
这时一般不用时间状语。
Ihavelostmypen.
◇包括现在时间在内的时间状语如today,thismonth,thisweek等有时也用现在完成时。
2.already与yet用法区别
already 用于肯定句,一般放在助动词与过去分词之间。
yet用于否定句和疑问句,一般至于句末。
【典例分析】:
Ihavealreadyworkedoutthismathproblem?
(改为否定句)
I workedoutthemathproblem .
解析:
already与yet的转换.
Key:
havenot;yet
(1)since的用法
①since后面加点时间,如sincenearlythreeyearsago或since2008.
②since引导时间状语从句时,后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时.
(2) for的用法:
for后加一段时间。
since/for可以通过ago进行同义句转换。
【典例分析】:
1.Theyhaveworkedinthefactorysincetenmonthsago.=Theyhaveworkedinthefactory fortenyears
2.WehavelearnedEnglishfor nearlythreeyears. =WehavelearnedEnglishsincethreeyearsago.
3.Ihavehadacold_______lastSaturday,Ihavehadacold______5days.Ihavehadacold______5daysago.
所以:
______5days= ______5daysago
Key:
since,for,since,for,since
典例分析】:
例1.( ) Ihaven’tseenyou_____lastFriday.
A.forB.sinceC.fromD.on
解析:
后面的lastFriday是具体时间点,所以应该用since,选B
这里需要提醒学生虽然此题后面的last是一般过去时的时间标志,但是跟since连用之后要用现在完成时。
Key:
B
例2.( ) Mr.Whitecametoourschoolin2008,andsincethenhe_____usEnglish.(2011盐城)
A.teachesB.taughtC.hastaughtD.willteach
解析:
该题考查的是现在完成时标志性词since,sincethen自那以后,缩略形式的时间状语从句,后面是主句,主句用现在完成时.
Key:
C
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
Base form
Past participle
Base form
Past participle
visit
visited
hit
hit
repair
repaired
put
put
live
lived
meet
met
move
moved
make
made
try
tried
sell
sold
study
studied
give
given
fit
fitted
write
written
规则动词的过去分词的构成
1.大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的,只需在动词后加-ed;例如:
work→worked listen→listenedjump→jumped visit→visited
2.在以-e结尾的动词后只加-d;例如:
close→closed like→likedagree→agreed move→moved
3.在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i再加ed;例如:
study→studied carry→carried try→tried worry→worried
4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed;例如:
stop→stopped drop→dropped
不规则动词的过去分词的构成
1.有些动词的原形和过去分词相同;例如:
put→put hurt→hurt become→become run→run
2.改变单词中间元音字母;例如:
sit→sat win→won hold→held
3.把单词结尾的字母d改为t;例如:
lend→lent spend→spent send→sent
4.以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept;例如:
keep→kept sleep→slept
5.过去分词以aught或ought结尾;例如:
teach→taught buy→bought
6.以ay结尾的动词,把ay变成aid;例如:
say→said pay→paid
7.在原形词尾加n或en;例如:
give→given eat→eaten
还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的,需要特殊记忆
【例题精讲】
1.-Chinadevelopssofast.
-That'strue.It_______alotalready.
A.changes B.changed
C.willchange D.haschanged
[答案]
D
2.-HowdoyoulikeyourEnglishteacher?
-Heisgreat.We_______friendssincethreeyearsago.
A.were B.havemade
C.havebeenD.havebecome
[答案]
C
3.Ihearthetallgirlwearingglassesisyournewclassmate.She'sfromAmerica,_____?
A.hasshe B.isn'tshe
C.hasn'tshe D.doesshe
[答案]
B
4.-Isthefilminteresting?
-Ithoughtitwouldbe.But_______,it'sveryboring.
A.inall B.infact
C.inaddition D.infuture
[答案]
B
5.-Whydon'tyougotothemoviewithme,Betty?
-BecauseI________itbefore.
A.sawB.haveseen
C.seeD.hadseen
[答案]
B
6.Hollyhas____________fedthedog,butshehasn'twateredtheplants_________.
A.still;already B.already;yet
C.yet;stillD.yet;already
[答案]
B
7.-HaveyoueverbeentoNanning?
-Yes,___________.
A.IwasB.Ido
C.Iam D.Ihave
[答案]
D
8.ThetriptoHongKongwas_________andwefelt_________.
A.pleased;pleasedB.pleased;pleasant
C.pleasant;pleasedD.pleasure;pleasant
[答案]
C
9.SusanandIhavebeenfriends_______fiveyears.
A.sinceB.after
C.forD.over
[答案]
C
10.—Oh,Mrs.King,yournecklacelooksnice.Isitnew?
—No,I________itfortwoyears.
A.hadB.havehad
C.bought
D.havebought
[答案]
B
11.Idon'twanttoseethefilmTheHobbitIIbecauseI_______italready.
A.hasseenB.saw
C.haveseenD.hadseen
[答案]
C
12.Daniel三年前买了这台电脑。
Daniel thecomputer threeyearsago.
[答案]
hashad|since
13.在过去的几年,南京发生了许多变化
Manychanges inNanjingovertheyears
[答案]
havetakenplace
14.在某些方面,女性现在的生活比以前好多了。
Now,women’slifeismuchbetterthanbefore .
[答案]
insomeways
15.深圳已经变成了一个现代化城市。
Shenzhenhas .
[答案]
beenamoderncity
16.---HowdoyoulikethegoodsingerYaoBeina?
---Sheissogreat.Butshe_______foronly4months.
A.diedB.hasdied
C.hasdeadD.hasbeendead
[答案]
D
17.你去过盐城科技博物馆多少次了?
YanchengScienceandTechnologyMuseum
[答案]
Howmanytimeshaveyoubeento
18.--Whyareyousohappytoday?
--BecauseI_____(win)thebadmintonmatch.
[答案]
havewon
19.I__________(read)thismagazine.Willyoupleaseshowmeanother?
[答案]
haveread
20.There_________(notbe)muchsnowhereinthepastthreeyears.
[答案]
hasn’tbeen
21.--Isyourfatherathome?
--No,I’mafraidhe____________(go)out.
[答案]
hasgone
22.--Turnofftheradio,dear.Babyissleeping.
--Thereisnoneed.He___________(wake)up.
[答案]
haswaken
23.Mr.Fan___thiswatchin2006.He____itfor10 years.
A.bought,hashadB.bought,has
C.hasbought,hashadD.hasbought,had
[答案]
A
24.Theteacherandwriter______thelecture.It’llbefinishedinhalfanhour.
A.havegonetoB.havebeento
C.hasgonetoD.hasbeento
[答案]
C
25.He’sneverbeenlateforwork,______________?
A.hasheB.hasn’the
C.is,heD.isn’the
[答案]
A
26.--Where’syourbrother?
Ihaven’tseenhimforseveraldays.
--He ______Tibetforholiday.
A.havebeentoB.hasgoneto
C.hasgonetoD.willgo to
[答案]
B
27.--_______youever________toXinjiang?
--Yes,I_________therelastyear.
A.Havegone,wentB.Havebeen,havebeen
C.Havebeen,wentD.Havegone,havegone
[答案]
C
28.Davidknowsmuchaboutthecitybecausehe_____theremanytimes.
A.goesB.went
C.hasgoneD.hasbeen
[答案]
D
29.Ourstreetsandvillages_________muchcleanerinthepastfewmonths.
A.havebecameB.havebecome
C.becameD.willbecome
[答案]
B
1.MissLee________(teach)usEnglishsinceshecameherethreeyearsago.
[答案]
hastaught
2.--WillyougoandseethemovieNetMotherwithme?
--Thankyou.ButI_____italready.
A.sawB.haveseen
C.seeD.willsee
[答案]
B
二、语法和句型
【知识梳理】
(1)have/hasbeento:
曾经去过,强调以往的经历。
如:
TheoldmanhasbeentoEgyptwhenhewasyoung.
(2)have/hasgoneto:
去了某地,强调还没有回来。
如:
---Whereisyouruncle?
---Hehasgonetothesupermarket.
(3)have/hasbeenin:
待在某地,住在某地。
如:
【典例分析】:
用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。
A:
Where____________LiFei___________?
B:
He____________toHainanIsland.
A:
Howlong___________he___________there?
B:
He_____________thereforthreedays.
A:
Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?
B:
I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.
A:
CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?
B:
Sorry,I_________never___________there.
A:
Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?
B:
He_____________thereonlyonce.
答案:
has, gone, hasgone,has, been, hasbeen,have,been, has,been,hasbeen.
(1)since的用法
A.since后可加时间点例:
Theyhavebeenheresincelastweek.
B.since引导时间状语从句时,后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时,主句动词用现在完成时
例:
TheyhavelearnedEnglishsincetheywere10yearsold.
(2)for的用法:
for后加一段时间。
TheyhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.
(3)since和for用法的相互转换:
for+一段时间=since+一段时间+ago
TheyhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.=TheyhavelearnedEnglishsincetenyearsago.
(4)对since和for的提问用howlong。
如:
---HowlonghaveyoubeeninNanjing?
----Forthreeyears./Sincethreeyearsago.
【典例分析】:
用for,since,ago填空。
1.SallyhasbeenawayfromLondon________lastSaturday.
2.Ourschoolhaschangedalot________thenewbuildingwasbuilt.
3.Tommyhashadthismotorcycle________threeyears.
4.IhavebeeninNanjing________eightyears.
5.Myparentshasbeenmarriedsincetwentyyears________.
6.Mycousinjoinedthearmythreemonths________.
答案:
1.since 2.since 3.for 4.for 5.ago 6.ago
3.延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法
(1)现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。
如:
翻译:
这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。
误:
Ihavealreadyborrowed thebookforovertwoweeks.
正:
Ihavealreadykept thebookforovertwoweeks.
(2)非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词的方式。
如:
come—behere;go—bethere;die--bedead;borrow--keep; buy--have; join--bein(bea member);leave--beaway等。
非延续性动词
延续性动词
现在完成时形式
borrow
keep
Shehaskeptthisbookforthreeweeks.
leave
beaway
Theyhavebeenawayfromhomefortwodays.
arrive/reach/get/move
bein/at
KittyhasbeeninHongKongforamonth.
come/go
bein/at
MymumhasbeeninBeijingfortwomonths.
begin/start
beon
Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.
stop/finish/end
beover
Themeetinghasbeenoverfortwohours.
die
bedead
Thelambhasbeendeadforsometime.
join
bein/
beamemberof
SimonhasbeenamemberoftheFootballClubsincelastyear.
become
be
Howlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?
open
beopen
Theshophas