中考英语语法现在完成时 专题复习 含练习题及答案全套.docx

1、中考英语语法现在完成时 专题复习 含练习题及答案全套2020年中考语法：现在完成时 专题复习一、语法和句型【知识梳理】 Present perfect tense (现在完成时)项目内容备注概念表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。Eddie has eatenmy food.(Eddie ate the food and now Hobo has nothing to eat.)表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状态。Eddie has lived with Mille since he was born.Eddiehas livedwith Mil

2、le for four years.构成助动词has/have +动词的过去分词动词过去分词规则变化跟对应的过去式一样，在后面加ed.特殊变化详见书本。（P122-123）肯定形式Theyhave finishedtheir homework.He has finishedhis homework.缩略形式：they have=theyve;he has=hes否定形式Theyhavent finishedtheir homework.Hehasnt finishedhis homework.疑问形式Havethey finished their homework?Yes, they have

3、. / No, they havent.关键词already(用于肯定句), yet(用于否定句和疑问句), since+一点时间, for+一段时间,never, ever, three times(其它表示频率的词, once, twice等)before, recently, in the past/last few years, so far, this month, today, now表示过去某一个动作的结果，现在情况依然存在。这时一般不用时间状语。I have lost my pen.包括现在时间在内的时间状语如today, this month, this week等有时也用现

4、在完成时。2.already与yet用法区别 already用于肯定句，一般放在助动词与过去分词之间。yet用于否定句和疑问句，一般至于句末。【典例分析】：I have already worked out this math problem? (改为否定句) I worked out the math problem .解析：already与yet的转换.Key ：have not; yet(1)since的用法since 后面加点时间，如since nearly three years ago或since2008.since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时.(2)fo

5、r的用法：for后加一段时间。since/for 可以通过ago进行同义句转换。【典例分析】：1.They have worked in the factory since ten months ago.= They have worked in the factoryfor ten years2.We have learned English fornearly three years.=We have learned English since three years ago.3.I have had a cold _ last Saturday, I have had a cold _

6、5 days. I have had a cold _ 5 days ago.所以：_ 5 days= _ 5 days agoKey ：since，for, since, for, since典例分析】：例1.( )I havent seen you _ last Friday.A. for B. since C. from D. on解析：后面的last Friday 是具体时间点，所以应该用since,选B这里需要提醒学生虽然此题后面的last是一般过去时的时间标志，但是跟since连用之后要用现在完成时。Key ：B例2.( )Mr. White came to our school

7、in 2008, and since then he _ us English. (2011盐城)A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. will teach解析：该题考查的是现在完成时标志性词since，since then自那以后，缩略形式的时间状语从句，后面是主句，主句用现在完成时.Key ：C RegularverbsIrregularverbsBaseformPastparticipleBaseformPastparticiplevisitvisitedhithitrepairrepairedputputlivelivedmeetmetmovemo

8、vedmakemadetrytriedsellsoldstudystudiedgivegivenfitfittedwritewritten规则动词的过去分词的构成1.大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加-ed；例如：workworked listenlistened jumpjumped visitvisited2.在以-e结尾的动词后只加-d；例如：closeclosed likeliked agreeagreed movemoved3.在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加ed；例如：studystudied carrycarried trytried worryworri

9、ed4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed；例如： stopstopped dropdropped不规则动词的过去分词的构成1. 有些动词的原形和过去分词相同；例如：putput hurthurtbecomebecome runrun2.改变单词中间元音字母；例如：sitsat winwonholdheld3.把单词结尾的字母d改为t；例如：lendlent spendspent sendsent4.以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept；例如：keepkept sleepslept5. 过去分词以aught或ought结尾；例如：teachtaught buybought

10、6.以ay结尾的动词，把ay变成aid；例如：saysaid paypaid7.在原形词尾加n或en；例如：givegiven eateaten还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要特殊记忆【例题精讲】1.- China develops so fast. - Thats true. It_ a lot already.A.changesB.changedC.will change D.has changed答案D2.- How do you like your English teacher? - He is great. We_ friends since three years ago.A

11、.were B.have madeC.have been D.have become答案C3.I hear the tall girl wearing glasses is your new classmate. Shes from America, _?A.has she B.isnt she C.hasnt she D.does she答案B4.- Is the film interesting? - I thought it would be. But_, its very boring.A.in all B.in factC.in addition D.in future答案B5.-

12、Why dont you go to the movie with me, Betty? - Because I_it before.A.saw B.have seenC.see D.had seen答案B6.Holly has_ fed the dog, but she hasnt watered the plants _.A.still; already B.already; yetC.yet; still D.yet; already答案B7.- Have you ever been to Nanning? - Yes, _. A.I was B.I doC.I am D.I have答

13、案D8.The trip to Hong Kong was_and we felt_.A.pleased; pleased B.pleased; pleasantC.pleasant; pleased D.pleasure; pleasant答案C9.Susan and I have been friends_ five years.A.since B.afterC.for D.over答案C10. Oh, Mrs. King, your necklace looks nice. Is it new? No, I _ it for two years. A.had B.have hadC.bo

14、ughtD.have bought答案B11.I dont want to see the film The Hobbit II because I_ it already.A.has seen B.sawC.have seen D.had seen答案C12.Daniel三年前买了这台电脑。 Danielthe computerthree years ago.答案has had|since13.在过去的几年，南京发生了许多变化 Many changes in Nanjing over the years答案have taken place14.在某些方面，女性现在的生活比以前好多了。 Now

15、, womens life is much better than before .答案in some ways15.深圳已经变成了一个现代化城市。 Shenzhen has .答案been a modern city16.-How do you like the good singer Yao Beina ? - She is so great. But she _ for only 4 months.A.died B.has diedC.has dead D.has been dead答案D17.你去过盐城科技博物馆多少次了？ Yancheng Science and Technology

16、 Museum答案How many times have you been to18.- Why are you so happy today? - Because I _(win)the badminton match.答案have won19.I _(read) this magazine. Will you please show me another?答案have read20.There _ (not be) much snow here in the past three years.答案hasnt been21.- Is your father at home? - No, Im

17、 afraid he _(go) out.答案has gone22.-Turn off the radio, dear. Baby is sleeping.-There is no need. He_(wake) up.答案has waken23.Mr.Fan _ this watch in 2006. He _ it for 10years.A.bought, has had B.bought, hasC.has bought, has had D.has bought, had答案A24.The teacher and writer _ the lecture. Itll be finis

18、hed in half an hour.A.have gone to B.have been toC.has gone to D.has been to答案C25.Hes never been late for work, _ _?A.has he B.hasnt heC.is, he D.isnt he答案A26.- Wheres your brother? I havent seen him for several days. - He_ Tibet for holiday.A.have been to B.has gone toC.has gone to D.will goto答案B27

19、.- _ you ever _ to Xinjiang?- Yes, I_ there last year.A.Have gone, went B.Have been, have beenC.Have been, went D.Have gone, have gone答案C28.David knows much about the city because he _ there many timesA.goes B.wentC.has gone D.has been答案D29.Our streets and villages _ much cleaner in the past few mon

20、thsA.have became B.have becomeC.became D.will become答案B1.Miss Lee_ (teach) us English since she came here three years ago.答案has taught2.- Will you go and see the movie Net Mother with me? - Thank you. But I _it already.A.saw B.have seenC.see D.will see答案B二、语法和句型【知识梳理】（1）have/ has been to：曾经去过，强调以往的经

21、历。如：The old man has been to Egypt when he was young.（2）have/ has gone to：去了某地，强调还没有回来。如：-Where is your uncle? - He has gone to the supermarket.（3）have/ has been in：待在某地，住在某地。如：【典例分析】：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ ther

22、e for three days.A: When will he come back, do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once.答案:has,gone ,has gone, has,been,has been ,have ,been ,has ,been

23、, has been. (1)since的用法A. since后可加时间点例：They have been here since last week.B. since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时例：They have learned English since they were 10 years old.(2)for的用法：for后加一段时间。They have learned English for ten years.(3)since 和 for 用法的相互转换：for +一段时间= since+ 一段时间+ agoThey have le

24、arned English for ten years. = They have learned English since ten years ago.(4)对since和for的提问用how long。如：-How long have you been in Nanjing?-For three years. / Since three years ago.【典例分析】：用for, since, ago填空。1. Sally has been away from London _ last Saturday.2. Our school has changed a lot _ the new

25、 building was built.3. Tommy has had this motorcycle _ three years.4. I have been in Nanjing _ eight years.5. My parents has been married since twenty years _.6. My cousin joined the army three months _.答案：1. since 2. since 3. for 4. for 5. ago 6. ago3.延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法 （1）现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续

26、性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。如：翻译：这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。误：I have already borrowedthe book for over two weeks.正：I have already keptthe book for over two weeks.（2）非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词的方式。如：comebe here；gobe there; die-be dead; borrow-keep;buy-have;join-be in(be amember);leave-be away等。非延续性动词延续性动词现在完成

27、时形式borrowkeepShe has kept this book for three weeks.leavebe awayThey have been away from home for two days.arrive/reach/get/movebe in/atKitty has been in Hong Kong for a e/gobe in/atMy mum has been in Beijing for two months.begin/startbe onThe film has been on for an hour.stop/finish/endbe overThe meeting has been over for two hours.diebe deadThe lamb has been dead for some time.joinbe in/be a member ofSimon has been a member of the Football Club since last year.becomebeHow long has your sister been a teacher?openbe openThe shop has