职称考试英语理工类B级试题.docx
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职称考试英语理工类B级试题
2011职称英语考前一个月模拟训练：
理工类Ｂ
（1）
第1部分：
词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。
1.Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.
Aforce
Binfluence
Csurprise
Dpower
2.Canyoufollowtheplot?
Achange
Binvestigate
Cwrite
Dunderstand
3.Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.
Aphysical
Bmental
Cnatural
Dhard
4.Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.
Aresult
Bjudgment
Cdecision
Devent
5.NormanBlameyisanartistofdeepconvictions.
Astatements
Bbeliefs
Csuggestions
Dclaims
6.Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.
ASo
BSolong
CSothat
DSofar
7.Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.
Asupposed
Bexcited
Csuggested
Ddiscussed
8.Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.
ATherefore
BAfterwards
CHowever
DFurthermore
9.Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.
Aview
Bsight
Clook
Dpoint
10.Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.
Atensely
Bnearly
Ccarefully
Dclosely
11.Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.
Aexplained
Binvented
Cconsidered
Daccepted
12.Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.
Aheavy
Bstrong
Ckind
Dwild
13.Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.
Amaking
Btaking
Cdiscussing
Dexpecting
14.Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.
Awaste
Bbuy
Cuse
Dsell
15.Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.
Afunction
Bability
Cpower
Dvolume
答案：
01.B 02.D 03.A 04.A 05.B
06.D 07.C 08.A 09.A 10.D
11.A 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.D
第2部分：
阅读判断（第1～7题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
TheColdPlaces
TheArcticisapolarregion.ItsurroundstheNorthPole.
LikeAntarctica,theArcticisalandoficeandsnow.Antarcticaholdstherecordforalowtemperaturereading---125degreesFahrenheitbelowzero.Readingof85degreesbelowzeroarecommoninboththeArcticandAntarctica.Wintertemperaturesaverage30d3egreesbelowzerointheArctic.AttheSouthPolethewinteraverageisabout73degreesbelowzero.
OnethingalonemakesitalmostimpossibleformentoliveinAntarcticaandinpartsoftheArctic.Thisonethingisthelowtemperature---thekillingchilloffarNorthandthepolarSouth.
Tosurvive,menmustwearthewarmestpossibleclothing.Theymustbuildwindproofshelters.Theymustkeepheatersgoingataltimes.Notevenforamomentcantheybeunprotectedagainstthebelow-zerotemperatures.
Menhaveawayofprovidingforthemselves.Polarexplorerswrapthemselvesinwarmcoatsandfurs.Thecoldmakeslifedifficult.Buttheexplorerscanstayalive.
Whataboutanimals?
Cantheysurvive?
Dowefindplants?
DowefindlifeintheArcticandinAntarctica?
Yes,wedo.Thereislifeintheoceans.Thereislifeonland.
Antarctica,aswehaveseen,isacoldplaceindeed.Butthishasnotalwaysbeenthecase.ExpeditionscientistshavediscoveredthatAntarcticahasnotalwaysbeenafrozencontinent.AtonetimetheweatherinAntarcticamayhavemuchlikeourown.
ExplorershavediscoveredcoalinAntarctica.ThisleadsthemtobelievethatAntarcticaatonetimewasalandofswampsandforests.Heatandmoisturemusthavekeptthetreesintheforestsalive.
1）ThelowesttemperaturethatmanhaseverknownwasrecordedinAntarctica.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned
2）Wintertemperaturesaverage85degreesbelowzeroinAntarctica.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned
3）TheArcticandAntarcticaarenoman'slandsbecauseoftheirnotoriouscoldness.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned
4）Polarexplorerscanstayalivewithoutheatersandwindproofshelters.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned
5）Despitethehostileenvironment,bothanimalsandplantscanbefoundintheoceansandonlandinpolarareas.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned
6）Asdiscoveredbyexpeditionscientists,Antarcticahasnotalwaysbeensocoldasitistoday,sohastheArctic.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned
7）Atonetime,theweatherinAntarcticawassowarmanddampthattreesgrewthere.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned
答案：
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A
第3部分：
根据大意与完成句子
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试 任务：
（1）第1-4题 要求从所给的6个选项中为每段选择1个正确的小标题;
（2）第5-8题 要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
SuccessfulLanguageLearners
Somepeopleseemtohaveaknackforlearninglanguages.Theycanpickupnewvocabulary,masterrulesorgrammar,andlearntowriteinthenewlanguagemorequicklythanothers.Theydonotseemtobeanymoreintelligentthanothers,sowhatmakeslanguagelearningsomucheasierforthem?
Perhapsifwetakeacloselookatthesesuccessfullanguagelearners,wemaydiscoverafewofthetechniqueswhichmakelanguagelearningeasierforthem.
Firstofall,successfullanguagelearnersareindependentlearners.Theydonotdependonthebookortheteacher;theydiscovertheirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Insteadofwaitingfortheteachertoexplain,theytrytofindthepatternsandtherulesforthemselves.Theyaregoodguesserswholookforcluesandformtheirownconclusions.Whentheyguesswrong,theyguessagain.Theytrytolearnfrommistakes.
Successfullanguagelearningisactivelearning.Therefore,successfullearnersdonotwaitforachancetousethelanguage;theylookforsuchachance.Theyfindpeoplewhospeakthelanguageandtheyaskthesepeopletocorrectthemwhentheymakeamistake.Theywilltryanythingtocommunicate.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhattheyhearortosaystrangethings;theyarewillingtomakemistakesandtryagain.Whencommunicationisdifficult,theycanacceptinformationthatisinexactorincomplete.Itismoreimportantforthemtolearntothinkinthelanguagethantoknowthemeaningofeveryword.
Finally,successfullanguagelearnersarelearnerswithapurpose.Theywanttolearnthelanguagebecausetheyareinterestedinthelanguageandthepeoplewhospeakit.Itisnecessaryforthemtolearnthelanguageinordertocommunicatewiththesepeopleandtolearnfromthem.Theyfinditeasytopracticeusingthelanguageregularlybecausetheywanttolearnwithit.
Whatkindoflanguagelearnerareyou?
Ifyouareasuccessfullanguagelearner,youhaveprobablybeenlearningindependently,actively,andpurposefully.Ontheotherhand,ifyourlanguagelearninghasbeenlessthansuccessful,youmightaswelltrysomeofthetechniquesoutlinedabove.
EXERCISE：
1.Paragraph1__________
2.Paragraph2__________
3.Paragraph3__________
4.Paragraph4__________
A.WaystoLearnaLanguageSuccessfully
B.LearningalanguagePurposefully
C.LearningaLanguageActively
D.LearningaLanguageIndependently
E.LearningfromMistakes
F.LearningtoThinkintheTargetLanguage
5.Successfullanguagelearnersderiveconclusions___________
6.IndependentLanguagelearnersrelyonthemselves___________
7.Activelanguagelearnersseizeeveryopportunity______________
8.Theauthorwrotethistext_________________
A.todiscoversentencepatternsandgrammaticalrules
B.toexpandvocabulary
C.tousethetargetlanguage
D.toencourageunsuccessfullanguagelearnerstolearnindependently,activelyandpurposefully
E.fromclues
F.tosaystrangethings
答案：
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.E 6.A 7.C 8.D
解析：
概括大意与完成句子部分包含两个部分，概括大意主要考查大家对文章各个段落整体意思的把握，在考试基本上主要看每段的首句就可以做出答案;完成句子注重考查细节题，主要运用的方法是同义词替换。
本题在出题的时候有个基本规律，就是在完成句子部分一般都是按照文章顺序出题，这样对于我们阅读来讲方便不少。
如何能迅速找到段落的大意呢?
我们需要首先熟悉英文文章的写作习惯。
与中文的发散式思维不一样，英文写作注重线性思考，所以一开始会告诉我们这段主要讲什么，然后去支持这个观点，最后就是总结。
这决定绝大多数文章段落的主题句是会在文章的第一段。
当然，也会存在一些例外。
比如为了引起读者兴趣，作者也可能在段首设问，这样的话答案就是主题句;作者也可能已开始讲个故事或举个例子，那这个故事或例子的结论就是主题句。
另外，直接引语肯定不会作为主题句，但间接引语往往是主题句;如果首句后接了一个however，but等表示转折意义的词，主题句就是在这个转折句中。
间或也会有主题句不明显的，那我们就要看看段位的结束句。
说了这么多，我们来那今天的题举举例子吧。
简单看一下标题：
SuccessfulLanguageLearners，可判断出本文的主要内容是关于语言学习的。
首先，我们看第一段的首句：
Somepeopleseemtohaveaknackforlearninglanguages.这个句子很简单，讲的是有人学习语言有诀窍。
大家可能说，knack这个词不认识。
其实我们简单看下后面的句子就能推断出来了：
morequickly证明比别人快，那就是有办法了。
第二段的首句：
Firstofall,successfullanguagelearnersareindependentlearners.本句讲的好的语言学习者必须有独立学习的能力。
看见firstofall，我们就在潜意识中有第二、第三点的概念，这样预判文章的框架，读起来就轻松多了。
然后看第三段首句：
Successfullanguagelearningisactivelearning.本句讲的是好的语言学习者必须是主动学习者。
这遇上一段的意思并列，显然这就是第二点。
第四段首句：
Finally,successfullanguagelearnersarelearnerswithapurpose.这句讲的是最后一个特点，及好的语言学习者必须带着目的学习。
第五段首句：
Whatkindoflanguagelearnerareyou?
用一个问句开头，目的是要探讨读者个体的问题，也就是让读者应用上述三个要点。
读到这里我们就可以来选答案了。
根据我们的阅读，第一段是讲语言学习的诀窍;第二段是独立学习能力;第三段是讲积极学习;第四段讲带着目的学习;第五段讲如何应用。
关于完成句子这部分的答题技巧，我们将在下次的点评中详细讲解。
第4部分：
阅读理解
阅读下面短文，短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
InvisibilityRing
Scientistscan’tyetmakeaninvisibilitycloakliketheonethatHarryPotteruses.But,forthefirsttime,they’veconstructedasimplecloakingdevicethatmakesitselfandsomethingplacedinsideitinvisibletomicrowaves.
Whenaperson“sees”anobject,hisorhereyesensesmanydifferentwavesofvisiblelightastheybounceofftheobject.Theeyeandbrainthenworktogethertoorganizethesesensationsandreconstructtheobject’soriginalshape.So,tomakeanobjectinvisible,scientistshavetokeepwavesfrombouncingoffit.Andtheyhavetomakesuretheobjectcastsnoshadow.Otherwise,theabsenceofreflectedlightononesidewouldgivetheobiectaway.
Invisibilityisn’tpossibleyetwithwavesoflightthatthehumaneyecansee.Buti
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