助力高考英语语法小题特训虚拟语气100题11页.docx
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助力高考英语语法小题特训虚拟语气100题11页
【助力2014高考】英语语法小题特训:
虚拟语气
--CanIborrowyour"KidsTyping"CD-ROM?
--I’dgetitforyou__________Icouldrememberwholastborrowedit.
A.exceptthatB.ifonlyC.onconditionthatD.consideringwhether
答案:
B
2.Afterthesurgery,theoldladylookedasifshe__________tenyearsyounger.
A.beB.isC.hadbeenD.were
答案:
D
3.Mrs.Morrison__________agoodsalaryinanofficejobinsteadofstayingathome,butshedecidednottoworkforthesakeofherchildren.
A.musthavemadeB.couldmakeC.wouldmakeD.couldhavemade
答案:
这是一个表示“过去”的虚拟语气的句子。
在but前是虚拟语气,在but后是陈述语气。
but后的句子等于一个if从句:
…butshedecidednottoworkforthesakeofherchildren.
=ifshehaddecidedtowork,这时,就成了一个标准的虚拟语气的句子:
‘
Ifshehaddecidedtowork,Mrs.Morrisoncouldhavemadeagoodsalaryinanofficejobinsteadofstayingathome.
本题意为:
如果Morrison太太当初决定去工作的话,她会在一家写字间赚一份很好的工资,但是她为了她的孩子,决定不工作。
(答案D)
4.Fiveminutesearlier,andwe__________thelastsubwaytrain.
A.oughttohavecaughtB.musthavecaught
C.couldhavecaughtD.couldcatch
答案:
这里的Fiveminutesearlier意思是“如果早五分钟的话”,代替了一个虚拟语气的it从句:
Ifwehadleftfiveminutesearlier。
所以这是个虚拟语气的过去时的句子。
根据公式,要用would/should/could/might+原型动词。
选项A.oughttohavecaught是情态动词表示“该做的事没有做”。
couldhavecaught意思是“没有赶上”。
(答案C)
5.__________,weshouldhavegoneonatriptothemountain.
A.IftheweatherwerenotbadB.Whethertheweatherwasbadornot
C.ButforthefactthattheweatherwasbadD.Despitethebadweather
答案:
Butfor意思是“要没有……”,后跟名词,后面的句子要用虚拟语气。
从后半句的weshouldhavegoneonatriptothemountain我们可以看出这是个过去时的虚拟语气:
Butforyourhelp.1wouldhavefailedintheMathsexam.
请参考本章第16句。
(答案C)
6.Itisessentialthathumanbeings__________waysandmeanstoprotecttheenvironment.
A.shouldadoptB.haveadoptedC.wouldadoptD.willhaveadopted
答案:
A
7.__________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheBotanicalGardens.
A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.If
答案:
请注意虚拟语气将来时if从句的用法:
(1)Ifshecametomorrow,wewouldbeveryhappy.
(2)Ifsheshouldcometomorrow,wewouldbeveryhappy.
(3)Ifsheweretocometomorrow,wewouldbeveryhappy.
上面的第
(2)和第(3)句可以倒装:
Ifsheshouldcometomorrow,wewouldbeveryhappy.
=Shouldshecometomorrow.wewouldbeveryhappy.
Ifsheweretocometomorrow,wewouldbeveryhappy.
=Wereshetocometomorrow,wewouldbeveryhappy.
本题如不倒装是这样的:
Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheBotanicalGardens.
请参考本章第74,80句。
(答案B)
8.HehassuggestedthatMissLi__________actionatoncebeforeitistoolate.
A.takeB.takesC.willtakeD.wouldtake
答案:
A
9.Iwouldhavepaidavisittoyou__________possible.
A.ifitwereB.woulditbeC.haditbeenD.shouldithavebeen
答案:
本句的倒装情况和第8句一样:
ifithadbeenpossible=haditbeenpossible。
前面句子Iwouldhavepaidavisittoyou是虚拟语气的过去时,所以要用ifithadbeenpossible。
(答案C)
10.Shecouldhavepassedtheexam,butshe__________hardenough.
A.didn’tstudyB.hadn’tstudiesC.doesn’tstudyD.wouldnotstudy
答案:
这个句子的前半句是虚拟语气的过去时,在but后要用陈述语气,表示一个“事实”。
用一般过去时即可:
Iwouldhaveboughtthatcomputer,butIdidn’thaveenoughmoney.
=1wouldhaveboughtthatcomputerifIhadhadenoughmoney.
Shewouldhavecometothedinner,butshewasbusyatthattime.
=Shewouldhavecometothedinnerifshehadnotbeenbusyatthattime.(答案A)
11.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey__________friendsforyears.
A.shouldB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen
答案:
D
12.Wouldhe__________toourhelpifhewerehere?
A.havecomeB.becomingC.comesD.come.
答案:
D
13.--Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthedoor?
--No.Ifhehad,Idon’tbelieve,__________brokenthelivingroomwindow.
A.wouldhehaveB.hehadC.hewouldhaveD.hehas
答案:
C
14.Iwasverybusythatday.OtherwiseI__________partinthedebating.
A.wouldtakeB.hadtakenC.tookD.wouldhavetaken
答案:
本句的otherwise意思是“要不然的话”,代替了一句if从句:
ifIhadnotbeenbusythatday,所以主句要用过去时的虚拟语气。
(答案D)
15.Asagoodstudent,he__________tocollegelastyear,yethegotillthenandcouldn’ttaketheentranceexaminations.
A.mighthavegoneB.couldhavegoneC.musthavegoneD.shouldgo
答案:
这是个比较难的题目。
选项A.hemighthavegonetocollegelastyear表示对过去的猜测,意思是“他可能已经上了大学”。
但是后半句说:
yethegotillthenandcouldn’ttaketheentranceexaminations.他生病了,没法参加高考。
所以选项A错。
选项C.hemusthavegonetocollegelastyear,表示对过去的猜测,意思更肯定,“他一定已经上了大学”。
但是根据后半句,他不可能进大学,错。
选项D.heshouldgotocollegelastyear只表示他“应该进大学”,也错。
选项B.hecouldhavegonetocollegelastyear是虚拟语气过去时,意思是“他没有进大学”:
Hecouldhavegonetocollegelastyear.yethegotmthenandcouldn’ttaketheentranceexaminations.
=Ifhehadn’tgotillandtakentheentranceexaminations.hecouldhavegonetocollegelastyear.(答案B)
16.Hewaslateforclasstoday.Butfortheheavyrain,he__________anhourearlier.
A.couldcomeB.couldhavecomeC.weretocomeD.shouldcome
答案:
B
17.Thejudgeorderedthatthethief__________punished.
A.wouldbeB.shouldbeC.wastobeD.mustbe
答案:
B
18.Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible,butIsimply__________notime.
A.hadhadB.hadbeenC.hadD.wouldhavehad
答案:
C
19.Susancouldn’thavewrittentoScott,orhe__________receivedherletter.
A.hasB.hadC.wouldhaveD.couldhave
答案:
本句中前半句是个情态动词“对过去否定的猜测”:
Susancouldn’thavewrittentoScott意思是"Susan当初不可能写信给Scott”。
本句的关键词是or,它代替一个虚拟语气的if从句,意思是“如果当初Susan给Scott写信的话”:
or=ifSusanhadwrittentoScott。
这时,后面的主句要用虚拟语气的过去时,从理论上来说,谓语动词可以用would/should/could/might+havedone。
所以本题的答案在C和D之间。
用would意思是“就会……”。
用could意思是“有能力做……”。
对于“收到信件”来说,不存在“有没有能力”的问题。
(答案C)
20.Heinsistedthatshe__________rightindoingthat.
A.beB.isC.wasD.hadbeen
答案:
在insist后面的宾语从句中,动词可以用虚拟语气,也可以不用虚拟语气。
当从句里有“把说话人的意志强加到听话人的头上”时,用虚拟语气,其动词通常是个“动作动词”。
动词用should+原型动词,should可以省略。
当从句的动词是个“状态”时,不用虚拟语气,该用什么时态就用什么时态:
Heinsistedthathisdaughter(should)playthepianofor5hoursaday.
Heinsistedthathewasnothungryatthattime.
本题不是虚拟语气。
(答案C)
21.Hewasveryangrywithhimselfyesterday,otherwisehe__________withyou.
A.wouldgoB.couldgoC.wouldhavegoneD.hadgone
答案:
C
22.Withoutyourhelp,We__________.
A.wouldnothavesucceededB.wouldnotsucceeds
C.wouldhavenotsucceededD.couldnothavebeensucceeded
答案:
A
23.Hedemandedthatthelaboratoryreport__________immediatelyaftertheexperimentwasdone.
A.waswrittenB.bewrittenC.mustbewrittenD.wouldbewritten
答案:
B
24.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking__________inthelibrary.
A.isallowedB.allowedC.shouldbeallowedD.willbeallowed
答案:
C
25.Ifshe__________hardatEnglishinthepast,she__________Sowellasasecretaryinalargecompanynow.
A.hadn’tworked...wouldn’thaveworkedB.didn’twork...wouldn’twork
C.hadn’tworked...wouldn’tworkD.didn’twork...wouldn’thaveworked
答案:
这是一句错纵时态的虚拟语气句。
if从句是过去时,主句是现在时。
错纵时态的虚拟语气句一般都有时间状语,如本句中的inthepast和now。
(答案C)
26.--Yourealizethatyouweredrivingat100mph,don’tyou?
--No,officer.I__________.Thisearcan’tdomorethan80.
A.didn’tneedtobeB.mightnothavebeen
C.Couldn’thavebeenD.shouldn’thavebeen
答案:
选项A.Ididn’tneedtobe意思是“我当初没有必要”。
后面的句子
说:
Thiscarcan’tdomorethan80.这车最多一小时跑80英里。
不符逻辑,所以A错。
选项B.Imightnothavebeen(drivingat100mph)是虚拟语气过去时,意思是“我当初是开了一小时100英里”。
选项D.Ishouldn’thavebeen(drivingat100mph)是虚拟语气过去时,表示不该做的事做了,意思是“我当初是开了一小时100英里”。
选项C.Icouldn’thavebeen(drivingat100mph)是情态动词,表示对过去的否定的猜测,意思是“我当初不可能开一小时100英里”,因为“这车最多一小时跑80英里。
”(答案C)
27.--Johnwantstoseeyoutoday.
--Iwouldratherhe__________tomorrowthantoday.
A.comesB.cameC.shouldcomeD.hadcome
答案:
在wouldrather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。
其谓语动词用“过去时表示对现在和将来的愿望”,用“过去完成时表示对过去的愿望”。
本句中有tomorrow,所以用过去时:
Iwouldrather(that)hecametomorrowthantoday.
=1wish(that)hecametomorrowthantoday.
本题意为:
我希望他明天来而不是今天来。
(答案B)
28.It’stimethechild__________howtobehaveproperly.
A.islearningB.learnsC.learnedD.tolearn
答案:
在Itistime(that)后的从句中也要用虚拟语气。
其谓语动词用“过去时表示将来”。
如:
Itistime(that)youwenttobed.
Itishightime(that)shedidherhomework.
请参照本章第30句。
(答案C)
29.--Wouldyoujoinus.inthegame?
--IwishI__________,butI’mbusy__________mylessonsnow.
A.can...withB.shall...forC.did...atD.could...doing
答案:
D
30.Itistimethatyou__________onthisproblem.
A.arespeakingB.willspeakC.mustspeakD.spoke
答案:
D
31.He__________notwellyesterday,orhe__________youwithyourexperiment.
A.were...wouldhavehelpedB.hadbeen...wouldhavehelped
C.was...wouldhavehelpedD.was...hadhelped
答案:
前半句Hewasnotwellyesterday是个陈述语气,动词的过去时表示过去。
or意思是“要不然的话”,相当于一个虚拟语气的if从句:
or=ifhehadbeenwellyesterday
后半句就要用虚拟语气主句的过去时:
…hewouldhavehelpedyouwithyourexperiment.(答案C)
32.Patrick__________arichmantodayifhehadbeenmorecarefulinthepast.
A.wouldbeB.shouldhavebeC.willbeD.was
答案:
A
33.Now,children,it’stimeyou
A.beingtodressB.havetodressC.willgetdressedD.gotdressed
答案:
D
34.Ifyouhadaskedhimbeforehand,you__________whattodotomorrow.
A.wouldknowB.shouldhaveknownC.couldhaveknownD.knew
答案:
A
35.Ifyouhadaskedtheteacherforexplanation,you__________difficultynow.
A.wouldn’thavehadB.wouldhavehadC.wouldn’thaveD.wouldhave
答案:
C
36.--Whatareyougoingtostudynextyear?
--Idon’tknow,butit’stime__________something.
A.IdecideB.IdecidedC.I’lldecideD.I’ddecide
答案:
B
37.ThedoctororderedthatTom__________homeforamonth.
A.staysatB.wouldstayinC.stayatD.shouldstayin
答案:
C
38.IwishI__________atthemeetingthedaybefore.
A.attendedB.wouldbeC.co