A Study of Emily Bronte and Her Different Love Patterns in Wuthering Heights.docx
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AStudyofEmilyBronteandHerDifferentLovePatternsinWutheringHeights
AStudyofEmilyBronteandHerDifferentLovePatternsinWutheringHeights
Name:
Number:
Supervisor:
Major:
English
Specialty:
Englishliterature
Department:
ForeignLanguagesDepartment
May11,2015
Contents
Abstract
Outline
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………..1
Ⅰ.ThebackgroundofWutheringHeights……………………………………………………………………..1
Ⅱ.ThelifeexperienceofEmilyBronte…………………………………………….............................4
Ⅲ.ThreekindsofloveinWutheringHeights……………………………………………………………….6
Ⅳ.Thewarningformodernfemales…………………………………………………………………..10
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………...........11
Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………………………....13
AStudyofEmilyBronteandHerDifferentLovePatternsinWutheringHeights
Abstract:
Asanoutstandingwriter,EmilyBrontedevotedherwholelifeintothemasterpiece,WutheringHeights,throughherownexperience.Thepaperattemptstofindouttheconnectionbetweentheauthorandherworkbycollectingmaterialfromdocumentsandbooks.WiththehelpofpresentingthebackgroundofWutheringHeights,wecanfurtherunderstandhowEmilyBrontewrotesuchanovel.Itcangiveourmodernfemalessomeenlightenmentafterdiscussingit.
Keywords:
EmilyBronte;lovevalue;Catherine;Linton;Heathcliff
对艾米丽·勃兰特及其在《呼啸山庄》中不同爱情观的研究
【摘要】艾米丽·勃朗特是一位杰出的作家,为撰写《呼啸山庄》,她投入了毕生的心血。
这部著作中时时流露出作者自身对于爱情和婚姻的观点。
本论文展示了该作品的写作背景,通过收集文献和书籍来揭示该著作与其作者自身经历之间的联系,以期为现代女性提供一些爱情和婚姻方面的建议。
【关键词】艾米丽·勃兰特;爱情观;凯瑟琳;林顿;希斯克利夫
AStudyofEmilyBronteandHerDifferentLovePatternsinWutheringHeights
Thesisstatement:
ThroughstudyingthosedifferentlovepatternsinWutheringHeights,wecanlearnsomethingaboutEmilyBronte’attitudetowardsloveandpresentalessonformodernfemales.
Outline
Introduction
I.ThebackgroundofWutheringHeights
A.Literarybackground
B.Socialbackground
II.ThelifeexperienceofEmilyBronte
A.EmilyBronte’family
B.EmilyBronte’lifeexperience
C.EmilyBronte’character
Ⅲ.TwokindsofloveinWutheringHeights
A.ThelovebetweenCatherineandLinton
ⅰ.Materialfactors
ⅱ.Marriagebond
ⅲ.Sincerelove
B.ThelovetragedybetweenCatherineandHeathcliff
ⅰ.Environmentalfactors
ⅱ.Spiritualattractions
ⅲ.Fanaticallove
Ⅳ.Thewarningformodernfemales
Conclusion
AStudyofEmilyBronteandHerDifferentLovePatternsinWutheringHeights
Introduction
WutheringHeightstellsastoryofsuperhumanloveandrevengeportrayedontheEnglishmoors.ThestoryreallybeginswithMr.Earnshaw,wholeavestownonbusinessandbringsbackwithhimanorphanwhoisnamedasHeathcliff.Theauthor,EmilyBronte,whoisbasedonherownexperience,writessuchamasterpieceintermsofdifferentlovepatterns,whichisalsoworthofourthinkinginmoderntimes.
Backto1934,CecilandDavidonlyconcentratedonthosehorribleatmosphereswhichweresetupinWutheringHeights.In1990,thismasterpieceattractedgreatattentionsofscholarsandreviewers,representedbyDelamotte,EugeniaC.Shebegantomakealotofresearchesaboutfemalegothicwritingstyle,whichwasdefinitelyasymboloffeminism.
Inthisthesis,itwillhavesomenewdiscussionsoverlovepatternsinWutheringHeightsandtheauthor,EmilyBronteherself,whichismeanttogivesomeinspirationstomodernfemales.
Ⅰ.ThebackgroundofWutheringHeights
A.Socialbackground
EmilyBrontewasbornintheearly19thcentury,namelytheearlyunrestVictorianperiod.TheindustrialrevolutionhadagreatimpactonBritishsociety,andeventhewholeworld.Increasinglyaggravatingcontradictionbetweenworkersandcapitalistsandanumberoflawsissuedaimingtoprotecttheinterestsoftherichclasswidenedthegapbetweentherichandthepoor.Chartermovementbrokeout,triggeringrelentlessstrikesandsocialconflicts.Thisperiodevenmadeitimpossibleforthoselandlordstoleavewholivedinthenorthernremoteareasunscathed,andeveryBritishmanseemedtohaveexperiencedahorriblehurricane.
Asforfemales,theybegantogetridofrestraintsandgainedindependenceforthemselves.Theirstatushadbeenlargelyimprovedinpolitical,economicalandsocialaspects.Ofthesestatuses,politicalstatuswastheeasilysolvedone,andthesocialstatuswasthemosthardlychangedone.
Withthedevelopmentofindustrialization,Britishpoliticalpowerandeconomicalpowertendedtocombinewitheachotherasone.Breakingthemonopolizedsituationinstatepoliticalcircleandestablishingdemocraticpoliticalmodewasthecommongoalofcapitalistclassandtheworkingclass.Becauseliberalismemphasizesindividualfreedomandtheequalityofeveryonebeforethelaw,therefore,howtodealwiththefemaleswhosepopulationaccountsforhalfofthetotalpopulationbecameanunavoidablefact.Feminismwhichcalledforlibertybegantoemerge,andBritishfemales’self-consciousnessstartedtoawaken.Basedonliberalismandliberalfeminism,femalescouldtakepartinsocialpoliticalactivities,carryoutfeministcampaignsandfightfortheirownemancipation.Upper-classfemaleswerealwaysthemaincharactersofpoliticalfightingandthebackerofpolitician.Theyusuallydirectlychosetoparticipateinpoliticalconflictsinordertoraisetheirpoliticalstatus.
Economically,femalesactivelycommittedtoworkaimingtoearnmoneytosupporttheirfamily.However,thesejobsmostlybelongedtotheextendedpartofhousework,ratherthantheprofessionalandhigh-paidjobs.In1851,80%oftheworkingfemaleshadtheirjobsinserviceindustry,textileindustryandclothingindustry.Comparedwiththewageofmen,thoseoffemales’wererelativelylowinsomewayandeasilyinfluencedbythefluctuationofpriceandworkingtime.Therefore,althoughtheemploymentoffemalesinthe19thcenturyhadbeenimprovedinalargescale,theywerestillatdisadvantageintermsofworking.Inaddition,withtheadvancementofeconomicalstatusoffemales,theirrightsregardingusingpropertywerealsoguaranteedevenifmenstillholdthespeakrightindomination.
Socially,atthattime,Britishsocietycenteredonmales,whilesideliningfemales.Femalesdidnothavearelativelyindependentincome,thus,“gooddaughter,goodwifeandgoodmother”becamethelimitedstandardinsidetheirheartandfetteredtheirfreedom.Thisconceptofthefamilydeeplyaffectedtheirrequirementsandpositioningastheroleofwomen.Inadditiontotakingcareoftheirfamily,theyhadtoensureawarmfamilyatmosphere,offeraspiritualhavenformen(notonlytheirhusbands),andpreventthedailylifefromspiritualpollutionsoastoensurethatchildrencangrowupinapureenvironment.Inordertosupportthemselves,femaleshadtobecometheprivatepropertyofmenorgoouttoworkinschoolorasprivateteachers.Beforegettingmarried,womendependedontheirfather,aftertheirmarriage,theyreliedontheirhusbands.They,likeproletarians,wereoppressedatthebottomofthissocietywithoutanydignity.Therefore,asaguaranteeoftherestlife,marriageseemedtobeparticularlyimportantforwomen.However,money,propertyandsocialclassbecamethemainconditionforwomentochoosetheirhusband.Women,whowereborninpoorfamily,hadnorighttodeterminetheirdestinyandhadtoseekhelpfrommen.
Influencedbypatriarchalhierarchy,human’mindwascircledinatinyspace,ratherthanfightingfortheirproperright,theyhadtobesubjecttorealityandsufferfromabuse.WutheringheightswaswrittenbyEmilyBronteundersuchcircumstances.
B.Literarybackground
Inthenineteenthcentury,Britishliteraturedevelopedfromromanticismtorealism.Therewereplentyofdistinguishedfemalewriters,suchas,JaneAustin,MaryShelley,theBrontesisters,Eliotandsoon.However,asamatteroffact,inthatpatriarchalsociety,onlyafewfemalewriterswererecognizedbythepublic.Theywereoftencriticizedaswomenotherthanwriters.Therefore,theirconfusionandworryingwasreflectedintheirworks.
First,theimaginationandextensionoffemalegothicnovelhadbeendevelopedrapidlyinthenineteencentury.Emilybetrayedtheliteraturemainstreamofthe19thcenturyVictoriaperiodanddevelopedanewnarrativeway.Shebelongstofemalegothicschoolwhichisstrangeandmysterioustoher.Aplentyofgothicimagesarecreatedinahorribleenvironment,whichdemonstratesanxiousandfrightenedfeelingoffemalesunderthepatriarchalsociety.Withprofoundhistoryandculturalelements,femalegothicnovelsarefocusedonrealisticfeatures,reflectsthesocialreasonwhytheysufferfrompsychologicaltraumaandpersonalityoppression,whichweakensthesuper-naturalelementsoftraditionalgothicnovels.Throughcertainlimitedspace,femalegothicworksexpressratherthanviolentmurderousandhorriblemysteriouspower,butthoseworriesandterrorexperiencedbywomen.Inrealisticliterature,WutheringheightswrittenbyEmilyisaclassicalworkoffemalegothicwork,whichconveystheinnervoiceofseekingtheirnature,sentoutbyfemales.
Second,thoseworksof19centurywereinfluencedbyrealisticaesthetics.Atthattime,realismaimedtodescribeeveryaspectoflifethatpeoplehadexperienced.Itemphasizedthewaytodescribethelife,insteadofthelifeitself.SinceJaneAustinputupherdisagreementstowardsgothicandsentimentalnovels,andcalledforsuccinctstyleofnarration,alotofoutstandingfemalewritersappearedtomakeatryinthisregard.
Third,intheearlyphaseofthebirthofWutheringHeights,femaleswriterswereontheembryonicstageoffeminist,andtheybegantorealizethechangesaroundthem