小升初六年级英语词类专项考点精讲+典题突破 专题06《副词》通用版含答案.docx
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小升初六年级英语词类专项考点精讲+典题突破专题06《副词》通用版含答案
小升初英语词类专项透析专题06《副词》(考点精讲+典题突破)
【考点精讲】
副词
一、副词的概念意义:
1.通常修饰动词,表示动作的程度、方式等。
还可修饰形容词、副词,有时修饰整个句子,在句中作状语。
一般“…地”的词都是副词。
如:
Youmustlistentotheteachercarefully.(仔细地,认真地)
2.副词的分类
1)时间副词:
now,today等
2)频度副词:
always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never
2)地点副词:
here,there,upstairs,downstairs等
3)方式副词:
carefully,fast,well,politely等
4)程度副词:
much,little,quite等
5)疑问副词:
how,when,where,why等
二、频率副词
几个频率副词的用法
always
always 意为“总是”,与进行时态连用时,可以表示赞扬,也可以表示讨厌等感情色彩。
e.g.
(1)I shall always remember my first day at school. 我将永远记住我上学的第一天。
(2)He is always smoking. 他总是抽烟。
usually
usually可以指通常的动作,但是侧重已经形成的习惯,它是从已经形成的角度来说明动作。
e.g.
(1)I usually do some shopping with my parents on Sundays. 我经常在星期天和我的父母一起去买东西。
(2)He usually goes to school by bike. 他通常骑自行车上学。
often
often是指经常性的动作,意思为“常常, 经常”。
e.g.
(1)Children don't often do homework. 孩子们经常不写作业。
(2)He is often late for school. 他经常上学迟到。
sometimes
sometimes意思为“有时,不时”,表示次数较少(低于often所表达的次数),常常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。
e.g.
(1)Sometimes he goes to work by bike, and sometimes he goes by bus. 有时候他骑自行车上班,有时候他乘公共汽车上班。
(2)Sometimes I helped my parents in the house. 有时候我帮助父母做家务。
hardly
hardly意思为“难得, 几乎从来不”,它所表示的次数非常少。
e.g.
(1)He hardly drinks. 他几乎不喝酒。
(2)She hardly plays cards. 她几乎不打牌。
never
never意思为“决不, 从未”,表示一次也没有。
e.g.
(1)He never lives there. 他从来都没有在那儿住过。
(2)She never has anything to do. 她一向无所事事。
三、形容词副词比较级和最高级
1、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
①一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;
(1)单音节词 如:
small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest
(2)双音节词 如:
clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest
②以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;
如:
large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest
③在重读闭音节(即:
辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
如:
big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest
④以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
如:
easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest
⑤其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;
如:
beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautiful different→moredifferent→mostdifferent easily→moreeasily→mosteasily
注意:
(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用。
例句:
TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.
(2)形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。
Itisamostimportantproblem. =Itisaveryimportantproblem.
⑥有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。
如:
good→better→bestwell→better→best
bad→worse→worstill→worse→worst
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
many/much→more→mostlittle→less→least
far→further/farther→furthest/farthest
2、比较级的用法①双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级十than”的结构表示.
例如:
Thispenisbetterthanthatone.
②表示一方不及另一方时,用“less十原级十than”的结构表示.例如:
Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.
③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较前加表示程度的状语,如:
even,alot,abit,alittle,still,much,far,yet,byfar等修饰.例如:
Heworksevenharderthanbefore.
注意:
英语的比较级前如无even,still,或yet等时,译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出,一般不可用“更”,如:
Sheisbetterthanshewasyesterday.她比昨天好些了.Pleasecomeearliertomorrow.请明天早点来.
注意:
byfar通常用于强调最高级.用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面,如在前面,应在二者中间加“the”.如Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.
④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时,用“the十比较级(主语十谓语),the十比较级(主语十谓语)”的结构.例如:
Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.
⑤不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级十and十比较级”的结构.例如:
Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.Thegirlbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.
⑥某些以一or结尾的形容词进行比较时,用to代替than.(这些词有inferior,superior,junior,senior,prior等.例如:
HeissuperiortoMrWanginmathematics.
⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复,我们通常用that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。
that指物,one既可指人,也可指物.that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词.例如:
Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthanthatonthedesk.Aboxmadeofironisstrongerthanonemadeofwood.
⑧表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
A)Aisthree(four,ete)timesthesize(height,length,width,ete)ofB.例如;Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。
(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍]).
B)Aisthree(four,etc)timesasbig(high,long,wide,etc.)asB.例如:
AsiaisfourtimesaslaregasEurope,亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍.)
C)Aisthree(four,etc.)timesbigger(higher,longer,wider,etc.)thanB.例如:
Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours,你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍.(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大.)
用times表示倍数,一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数.表示两倍可以用twice或double
3)最高级的用法①三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“the十最高级”的结构表示.这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语.例如:
ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.
②最高级可被序数词以及much,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notquite,notreally,nothinglike等词语所修饰.例如:
Thishatisbyfar/much/nearly/almost/notnearly/bynomeans/notquite/nothinglikethebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?
③表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent,extreme,perfect等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级.
④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时,被修饰的词往往省略.Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.
⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词.例如0falltheboyshecame(the)earliest.
【典题突破】
一、单选题。
1.Wendyislazy.She helpshermotherathome.
A. never
B. always
C. usually
2.— areyougoing?
—I'mgoingtothesupermarket.
A. Where
B. When
C. What
3. often
A. last B. never C. fruit
4.Itakeallthebooks mybag.Butdon'tfindmyEnglishbook.
A. out
B. outof
C. to
D. off
5.Helikedtoreadbooks______.
A. verymuch
B. much
C. muchvery
6.Thereweremanypeople .
A. tothere
B. atthere
C. there
7.Be ,Lucy.Pleasewrite .
A. careful;careful
B. careful;carefully
C. carefully;carefully
D. carefully:
careful
8.A:
Ilikethestars.B:
.
A. Mealso B. Meeither. C. Metoo.
9.Ilikehelpingpeople.________aboutyou?
A. Which
B. What
C. what
10.Theyaresingingvery________.SoIcan'thearyou.
A. louder
B. well
C. loudly
二、填空题。
11.—________doyougotoschool?
—Igotoschoolbybike.
12.Nancyisgoingtoswim.(改为否定句)Nancy________goingtoswim.
13.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级形式。
①much________ ②little________
③bad________ ④beautiful________
14.TheAmericanstook________fivedays________gettothemoon________l969.
15.—________doyoulikebest,red,greenoryellow?
--Ilikegreenbest.
16.Changeyourway.Thenyoucanfinishit________(easy).
17.—________didyougotoBeijing?
—WewenttoBeijingbytrain.
18.—________isthatboy?
—He'sMike.Heismyfriend.
19.—________isyourcousin?
—He's15yearsold.
20.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级形式。
①funny________ ②good________
③far________ ④well________
21.写出下列单词的完全形式。
①That's________②don't________③when's________④didn't________⑤you're________
22.Theboyissinging________(bad)
23.Theboywas________.Helaughed________.(excited)
24.HowcanIgetout?
Saidthelion________(sad)
25.—________ismydiary?
—It'sunderthechair.
26.Wearegoing________seeafilm________spacetravel.
27.isnot(缩略形式)________
28.—________isyoursweater?
—It'sblue.
29.NowIgetuplate.Inthefuture,I’llgetupe________.
30.Isit________(real)adog?
31.写出下列形容词的副词形式。
①careful—________ ②excited—________
③quiet—________ ④sad—________
⑤beautiful—________ ⑥good—________
⑦fast—________ ⑧loud—________
⑨happy—________ ⑩high—________
32.Theman________abook________ hishandismyuncle.Thebookis________science.
33.—________peoplearethereinyourfamily?
—Therearefive.
34.选择出不同类的单词。
⑴________A.always B.often C.fruit
⑵________A.vegetableB.first C.fruit
⑶________A.eight B.three C.first
⑷________A.his B.your C.I
⑸________A.drink B.sport C.eat
35.“How”的用法大比拼。
(1)—________aretheseballs?
—Tenyuan.
(2)—________doyoueatvegetables?
—Inevereatvegetables.
(3)—________playersarethereonateam?
—Fiveplayers.
(4)—________doyougotoBeijing?
—Bytrain.
(5)—________areyou?
—I'm1.6metrestall.
36.The________(happy)dogdanced________(happy).
37.选出与众不同的单词。
⑴________A.footballB.basketballC.sport
⑵________A.teachB.bestC.buy
⑶________A.tooB.someC.any
⑷________A.theyB.weC.my
⑸________A.skirtsB.TshirtsC.clothes
38.选择出不同类的单词。
⑴________A.went B.buy C.play
⑵________A.catch B.bought C.caught
⑶________A.teach B.learn C.basketball
⑷________A.often B.morning C.always
⑸________A.his B.to C.with
39.我不喜欢游泳。
我所有的朋友都游得比我快。
Idon'tlike________.Allmy________thanme.
40.Ican'thearyou.Pleasespeak________(loud).
三、选词填空(词汇运用)。
41.选词填空。
A.Howold B.Howmuch C.Howoften D.Howmany E.Howfar
(1)—________istheT-shirt?
—Sixtyyuan.
(2)—________doyoueatmeat?
—Twiceaweek.
(3)—________isitfromyourhometoschool?
—Abouttenkilometers.
(4)—________pencilsdoyouwanttobuy?
—Two.
(5)—________areyou?
—I'mtenyearsold.
42.选择合适的连词填空。
when because but beforetill and after orthenso1d
(1)Hurryup,please!
________ you'11belateforschool.
(2)YesterdayJimdidn'tgotoseethefilm________hemustgohome.
(3)Thestudentsaretalkingaboutthesportsmeet________theteacherscomein.
(4)Tomwasillyesterday,________ hestillwenttoschool.
(5)Firstturnfight,________ youcanfindthebusstop.
(6)________ theboyfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.
(7)IusuallydohomeworkonSaturdays________playonSundays.
(8)________ hegoestowork,heoftengoesforawalkeveryday.
(9)Wearegoingtomiddleschoolsoon,________ wewillhaveafarewellparty.
(10)ShewatchedTV________hermothercameback.
43.I'm________(too,to)hot.
44.选词填空
Longlongago, showing…to, thinkshard