英语语言学各章节题目.docx
《英语语言学各章节题目.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语语言学各章节题目.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![英语语言学各章节题目.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2022-12/28/89396882-6610-4e64-a44e-81791b6ad5c8/89396882-6610-4e64-a44e-81791b6ad5c81.gif)
英语语言学各章节题目
1.Introduction
1.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman__________
A.contactB.communicationC.relationD.community
2.Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?
A.treeB.typewriterC.crashD.bang
3.Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?
A.TransferabilityB.DualityC.DisplacementD.Arbitrariness
4.__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.
A.PerformanceB.CompetenceC.LangueD.Parole
5.__________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.
A.LinguistictheoryB.Practicallinguistics
C.ComparativelinguisticsD.Appliedlinguistics
II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.
6.Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.
7.Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.
8.Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.
9.F.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.
10.TheconventionalnatureoflanguageisillustratedbyafamousquotationfromShakespear’splayRomeoandJuliet:
“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet”.
11.Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.
III.Fillintheblanks.
12.Linguisticsisthe__________studyoflanguage.
13.Modernlinguisticsis__________inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.
14.Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof__________overwriting.
15.Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa__________study.
16.Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts.__________referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.
17.LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’s__________.
Explainthefollowingterms:
syntax
anthropologicallinguistics
ExplainHalliday'stheoryofmetafunctionsoflanguage.
2.SpeechSounds
1.APitchvariationisknownas__________whenitspatternsareimposedonsentences.
A.intonationB.toneC.pronunciationD.voice
2.BWhichbranchofphoneticsconcernstheproductionofspeechsounds?
A.AcousticphoneticsB.Articulatoryphonetics
C.AuditoryphoneticsD.Noneoftheabove
3.AWhichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation?
A.[n]B.[m]C.[b]D.[p]
4.BWhichvowelisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtothecharacteristicsofvowels?
A.[i:
]B.[u]C.[e]D.[i]
5.BWhatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating?
A.VoicelessB.VoicedC.GlottalstopD.Consonant
II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.
6.TSuprasegmentalphonologyreferstothestudyofphonologicalpropertiesofunitslargerthanthesegment-phoneme,suchassyllable,wordandsentence.
7.F[p]isavoicedbilabialstop.
8.FAcousticphoneticsisconcernedwiththeperceptionofspeechsounds.
9.TAccordingtothelengthortensenessofthepronunciation,vowelscanbedividedintolongvs.shortortensevs.lax.
10.FInEnglish,allthebackvowelsarerounded.
11.TInEnglish,allthefrontvowelsandthecentralvowelsareunrounded.
III.Fillintheblanks.
12.voiced,voiceless,voicedAccordingtothefeatureofvoicing,consonantsoundscanbeeither__________or__________,whileallvowelsoundsare__________.
13.obstructionConsonantsdifferfromvowelsinthatthelatterareproducedwithout__________.
14.minimalpairsInphonologicalanalysisthewordsfail/veilaredistinguishablesimplybecauseofthetwophonemes/f/-/v/.Thisisanexampleforillustrating__________.
15.InEnglishthereareanumberof__________,whichareproducedbymovingfromonevowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterveningpositions.
16.Speechtakesplacewhentheorgansofspeechmovetoproducepatternsofsound.Thesemovementshaveaneffectonthe__________comingfromthelungs.
17.Writethesymbolthatcorrespondstoeachofthefollowingphoneticdescriptions;thengiveanEnglishwordthatcontainsthissound.Example:
voicedalveolarstop[d]dog.
(1)voicelessbilabialunaspiratedstop
(2)lowfrontvowel
(3)lateralliquid
(4)velarnasal
(5)voicedinterdentalfricative
3.Morphology
1.Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas__________.
A.contentwordsB.grammaticalwords
C.functionwordsD.formwords
2.Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalled__________morpheme.
A.inflectionalB.freeC.boundD.derivational
3.Thereare__________morphemesintheworddenationalization.
A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six
4.InEnglish–iseand–tionarecalled__________.
A.prefixesB.suffixesC.infixesD.stems
5.Thethreesubtypesofaffixesare:
prefix,suffixand__________.
A.derivationalaffixB.inflectionalaffixC.infixD.back-formation
6.__________isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.
A.affixationB.back-formationC.insertionD.addition
7.ThewordDINKisformedinthewayof__________.
A.acronymyB.clippingC.compoundingD.blending
8.Thewordslikesmogandmotelareformedby__________.
A.blendingB.clippingC.back-formationD.acronymy
II.Fillintheblanks.
9.Asmallsetofconjunctions,prepositionsandpronounsbelongto__________class,whilethelargestpartofnouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbsbelongsto__________class.
10.__________isareverseprocessofderivation,andthereforeisaprocessofshortening.
11.__________isextremelyproductive,becauseEnglishhadlostmostofitsinflectionalendingsbytheendofMiddleEnglishperiod,whichfacilitatedtheuseofwordsinterchangeablyasverbsornouns,verbsoradjectives,andviceversa.
12.Awordformedbyderivationiscalleda__________,andawordformedbycompoundingiscalleda__________.
13.Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwotypes:
__________and__________.
Explainthefollowingterm,usingexamples.
Allomorph
Inflection
Boundroot
4.Syntax
1.Thesentencestructureis________.
A.onlylinearB.onlyhierarchical
C.complexD.bothlinearandhierarchical
2.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguageare____innumber.
A.largeB.smallC.finiteD.infinite
3.Asentenceisconsidered____whenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.
A.rightB.wrongC.grammaticalD.ungrammatical
4.A__________intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthatintroducestheembeddedclause.
A.coordinatorB.particleC.prepositionD.subordinator
5.Phrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstand_____________.
A.howwordsandphrasesformsentences.
B.whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwords
C.howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentences
D.alloftheabove.
6.Thephrase“ontheshelf”belongsto__________construction.
A.endocentricB.exocentricC.subordinateD.coordinate
II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)
12.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguagearefiniteinnumber,butthereisnolimittothenumberofsentencesnativespeakersofthatlanguageareabletoproduceandcomprehend.
13.Inacomplexsentence,thetwoclausesholdunequalstatus,onesubordinatingtheother.
14.Constituentsthatcanbesubstitutedforoneanotherwithoutlossofgrammaticalitybelongtothesamesyntacticcategory.
16.InEnglishsyntacticanalysis,fourphrasalcategoriesarecommonlyrecognizedanddiscussed,namely,nounphrase,verbphrase,infinitivephrase,andauxiliaryphrase.
17.InEnglishthesubjectusuallyprecedestheverbandthedirectobjectusuallyfollowstheverb.
III.Fillintheblanks.(20%)
21.A__________sentenceconsistsofasingleclausewhichcontainsasubjectandapredicateandstandsaloneasitsownsentence.
23.A__________maybeanounoranounphraseinasentencethatusuallyprecedesthepredicate.
24.Thepartofasentencewhichcomprisesafiniteverboraverbphraseandwhichsayssomethingaboutthesubjectisgrammaticallycalled__________.
25.A__________sentencecontainstwo,ormore,clauses,oneofwhichisincorporatedintotheother.
Explaintheterm"ICanalysis".
Explainthethreetypesofsyntacticrelations
Distinguishthetwopossiblemeaningsof“morebeautifulflowers”
37.Drawatreediagramofthesentence:
Thestudentwrotealetteryesterday.
5.Semantics
1.Accordingtothe“semantictriangle”presentedbyOgdenandRichards,thesymbolor________referstothelinguisticelements(words,sentences,etc.),the___________referstotheobjectintheworldofexperienceandthethoughtorreferencereferstoconcept.
2.__________analysisisbaseduponthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedividedintomeaningcomponents.
3.Thesemanticcomponentoftheword_________are+Human,+Adult,+male,-Married.
4.________oppositesmaybeseenintermsofdegreesofthequalityinvolved.
5.Wecalltherelationbetween“animal”and“cow”as___________.
A.polysemyB.antonymyC.homophonyD.hyponymy
6.Thepairofwords“wide/narrow”arecalled__________.
A.gradableoppositesB.complementaryantonyms
C.co-hyponymsD.relationalopposites
7.Whatisthemea