完整word版考研英语二真题汇总阅读中文翻译.docx

完整word版考研英语二真题汇总阅读中文翻译.docx

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完整word版考研英语二真题汇总阅读中文翻译

2013：

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,

B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothe

cashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.___1___,atruecashlesssocietyis

probablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionsofsuchasocietyhavebeen___2___fortwo

decadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975that

electronicmeansofpayment“wouldsoonrevolutionizethevery___3___ofmoneyitself,”only

to___4___itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso___5___

incoming?

Althoughe-moneymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystem

basedonpaper,severalfactorswork__6___thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itis

very___7___tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationsnetworksnecessaryto

makeelectronicmoneythe___8___formofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantage

thatthey___9___receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto___10___.Third,the

useofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof

loat-ittakesseveraldays___11___a

checkiscashedandfundsare___12___fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterof

thecheckcanearninterestonthefundsinthemeantime.___13___electronicpaymentsare

immediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.Fourth,electronicmeansofpayment

___14___securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhacker

hasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation___15___there.

Becausethisisnotan___16___occurrence,unscrupulouspersonsmightbeabletoaccessbank

accountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand___17___fundsbymovingthemfromsomeone

else'saccountsintotheirown.The___18___ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andawhole

newfieldofcomputersciencehasdevelopedto___19___securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthat

theuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic___20___thatcontainsalargeamount

ofpersonaldataonbuyinghabits.Thereareworriesthatgovernment,employers,andmarketers

mightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyencroachingonourprivacy.

1.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D]Otherwise

2.[A]off[B]back[C]over[D]around

3.[A]power[B]concept[C]history[D]role

4.[A]reward[B]resist[C]resume[D]reverse

5.[A]silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]steady

6.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]on

7.[A]imaginative[B]expensive[C]sensitive[D]productive

8.[A]similar[B]original[C]temporary[D]dominant

9.[A]collect[B]provide[C]copy[D]print

10.[A]giveup[B]takeover[C]bringback[D]passdown

11.[A]before[B]after[C]since[D]when

12.[A]kept[B]borrowed[C]released[D]withdrawn

13.[A]Unless[B]Until[C]Because[D]Though

14.[A]hide[B]express[C]raise[D]ease

15.[A]analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]displayed

16.[A]unsafe[B]unnatural[C]uncommon[D]unclear

17.[A]steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return

18.[A]consideration[B]prevention[C]manipulation[D]justi.fication

19.[A]copewith[B]fightagainst[C]adaptto[D]callfor

20.[A]chunk[B]chip[C]path[D]trail

PartA

Text1

Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefrom

cottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:

Theaveragemillonlytwo

employeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeeptheman

awayfromthemachines.”

Davidson'sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepoint

thatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomes

todayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnology

revolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.

Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob，couldearnanaverage

li.festyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon'tearnyouwhatitusedto.

Itcan'twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaverage

cheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.

Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthem

standoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.

Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere'sbeenan

acceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkersso

fastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythree

manufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared.

Therewillalwaysbechanged-newjobs,newproducts,newservices.Buttheonethingwe

knowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswill

requireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.

Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupport

employment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21st

centurythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.

21.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_______

[A]theimpactoftechnologicaladvances

[B]thealleviationofjobpressure

[C]theshrinkageoftextilemills

[D]thedeclineofmiddle-classincomes

22.AccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto______

[A]workoncheapsoftware

[B]askforamoderatesalary

[C]adoptanaverageli.festyle

[D]contributesomethingunique

23.ThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat______

[A]gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerased

[B]jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed

[C]factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbefore

[D]newjobsandserviceshavebeenoffered

24.Accordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis_____

[A]toacceleratetheI.T.revolution

[B]toensuremoreeducationforpeople

[C]roadvanceeconomicglobalization

[D]topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?

[A]NewLawTakesEffect

[B]TechnologyGoesCheap

[C]AverageIsOver

[D]RecessionIsBad

Text2

Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincluedsettlersandsojourners.Alongwith

themanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadno

intentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.Aboutaquarterofall

Italianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadan

affectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.

Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:

legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbroken

immigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon'tneedmore

categories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyond

strickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,those

livingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.

Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-care

aidesandphysicistsareamongtoday'sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobal

economydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunity

callsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.

Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.We

needthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhile

withoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbeboth

hereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.

Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsides

oftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopening

upthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepaths

andmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexisting

system.

26“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho____

[A]immigrateacrosstheAtlantic.

[B]leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.

[C]stayinaforegintemporaily.

[D]findpermanentjobsoverseas.

27Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationstystemintheUS____

[A]needsnewimmigrantcategories.

[B]hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.

[C]shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges.

[D]hasbeenfixeedviapoliticalmeans.

28Accordingtotheauthor,today'sbirdsofpassagewant___

[A]fiancialincentives.

[B]aglobalrecognition.

[C]opportunitiestogetregularjobs.

[D]thefreedomtostayandleave.

29Theauthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated__

[A]asfaithfulpartners.

[B]witheconomicfavors.

[C]withlegaltolerance.

[D]asmightyrivals.

30whichofthebesttitleforthepassage?

[A]comeandgo:

bigmistake.

[B]livingandthriving:

greatrisk.

[C]withorwithout:

greatrisk.

[D]legalorillegal:

bigmistake

Text3