翻译心得及翻译实践.docx

翻译心得及翻译实践.docx

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翻译心得及翻译实践

翻译心得及翻译实践

摘要

本文旨在对两篇材料进行翻译，并从翻译实践中获得经验并撰写翻译心得。

其中材料大学校训：

《大学校训：

一个无涉时代的场域》为汉译英，而材料《价格如何在政治中起作用：

竞选广告的社会效应》为英译汉。

《大学校训：

一个无涉时代的场域》一文从大学校训的发展过程及对其剖析，对大学校训的意义加以论述。

阐述了大学校训的两大源头的状况、特征、特点及其雷同性，中国大学校训的国家道德主义及其本质和错误所在，阐述出大学校训的真正意义在于富于大学校训的自由发展的思想及其意义所在。

《价格如何在政治中起作用：

竞选广告的社会效应》则主要通过大量的文献和数据的研究，指出了竞选支出对在职者和挑战者的作用。

翻译了以上的材料后，我得出了一些有关于英汉翻译的心得。

主要从对翻译材料的描述、寻找背景信息、句子的处理、对词和词组的处理、结论这五个方面来进行总结。

分别针对翻译中篇、句、词等方面容易出现的问题和难点进行分析，从而寻找有效的解决方法。

对今后的翻译工作起到积累和指导的作用。

Abstract

Themainpurposeofthearticleistosummarizethegainsandexperienceaftertranslatingthetwomaterials.ThematerialTheUniversityMotto:

AnEroofFreeField

hasbeentranslatedfromChinesetoEnglishwhilethematerialHowPricesMatterinPolitics:

theReturnstoCampaignAdvertisinghasbeentranslatedfromEnglishtoChinese.

ThearticleTheUniversityMotto:

AnEroofFreeFieldanalysestheuniversitymottonovelfromitsdevelopmentandinterpretsitsmeaning.Itdemonstratesthestate、characteristicsanditssimilaritiesofthetwosourcesoftheuniversitymotto.Thisarticletellsusthecountrymoralismanditsnatureoftheuniversitymottoandwherethewrongofthecountrymoralismoftheuniversitymottois.Itshowsthattherealsignificanceoftheuniversitymottoisthethoughtoffreedevelopment.

AsforHowPricesMatterinPolitics:

theReturnstoCampaignAdvertising,ittellsusthefunctionofcampaignspendingforincumbentsandchallengersbystudyingmanyworksaboutitanddata.

Havingtranslatedthesetwomaterials,IhavegainedalotaboutthetranslationbetweenChineseandEnglish.Thisarticlehasbeenwrittenfromfivepartswhichare“thedescriptionofthematerialfortranslating”,“searchingforbackgroundinformation”,“dealingwithsentences”,“wordsandphrases”,and“conclusion”.Thisarticlemeanstoanalyzeproblemsanddifficulties,whichmayhappenintranslating,onaspectssuchaspassages,sentences,wordsandthentofindoutmethodstosolvethoseproblemsanddifficulties.Inthisway,thisarticlecanbeusedasakindofguideandaccumulationinfuturetranslationworks.

Contents

摘要……………………………………………………………………1

Abstract……………………………………………………………………1

1.TheDescriptionoftheMaterialforTranslating…………………….…1

2.SearchingforBackgroundInformation………………………………1

3.DealingwithSentences……………………………………………………2

3.1StructureofSentences………………………………………………………………2

3.2LogicofSentences…………………………………………………………………2

5.Conclusion…………………………………………………………………5

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………5

Translation（fromEnglishtoChinese）……………………………….

Translation（fromChinesetoEnglish）…………………………………

1.TheDescriptionoftheMaterialforTranslating

ThistimeIhavetranslatestwoarticles—TheUniversityMotto:

AnEroofFreeFieldandHowPricesMatterinPolitics:

theReturnstoCampaignAdvertising.

TheUniversityMotto:

AnEroofFreeFieldisanarticlethatanalysesthemeaningoftheuniversitymottofromakindofnewviewpoint.Itdissectsthedevelopmentsofitstwosourcesandhasshowedusthethoughtoffreedevelopmentoftheuniversitymotto.

HowPricesMatterinPolitics:

theReturnstoCampaignAdvertisingmainlyanalysesdealswiththefunctionofcampaignspendingforincumbentsandchallengersbystudyingmanyworksaboutitanddata.

Translationisakindofworkthatcanproveaperson’sabilitytouseboththetwolanguages.Bytranslatingthetwoarticles,Ihavelearnedmuchabouttheskillsandmethodsoftranslation.However,Ifacedseveraldifficultiesduringthetranslation.AndwithgreateffortsIhavefoundwaystohandlethosedifficulties.

2.SeekingforBackgroundInformation

ThefirstproblemlyingbeformewasthatIdidn’thaveenoughbackgroundinformationaboutthecontentsofthetwoarticleswhichIneededtotranslate.

ThefirstarticleTheUniversityMotto:

AnEroofFreeFieldisaboutthetruemeaningoftheuniversitymottoandthesecondshowsusthefunctionofcampaignspendingforincumbentsandchallengers.Iamnotveryfamiliarwithwhatthearticlestalkabout,andthisisaproblemwealwaysmeetwithwhenweneedtotranslateanarticle.So,inordertotranslatethearticlesasexactlyaspossibleandasquicklyaspossible,Isearchformaterialsconcerningthemandfindoutthemeanideasofthem.InthiswayIcometoknowthegistsofthem,whichmakesgreatcontributiontomytranslation.

Intheseworks,Igettoknowthatthefirstthingwemustlearnbeforewedothetranslationworkisfindingbackgroundinformationandknowledgeconcerningthematerialsweneedtotranslate.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeagoodbeginning.

3.DealingwithSentences

ThesecondproblemIhavetosolveistheSentence-type.Asweallknow,EnglishandChinesearetwolanguageswhicharequitedifferentfromeachother.Andthelogicofsentencesinthesetwolanguagesisalsoquitedifferent.

3.1StructureofSentences

Firstly,articlesinEnglishalwaysconsistoflongsentenceswhichusuallyhaveamainsentenceandseveralclauseswhileChinesearticlesaregenerallymadeupofshortsentenceswhichcontainlargeamountofinformation.Thus,aswehavebeenusedtothetypeofsentencesinChinese,itisalwaysnoteasyforustounderstandthemeaningsoflongsentencesinEnglish.Forexample,thesentence“Theliteratureisfilledwithresultsthatincumbents’campaignspendingeitherhasnoeffectonoutcomesoractuallyreducestheirchancesofwinning（see,forexample,Jacobson1978,1980,1985,1989;FeldmanandJondrow1984;RagsdaleandCook1987;Abramowitz1988,1991;Grier1989;AnsolabehereandGerber1994;Coates1998）.”Suchalongsentencecontainsseveralmeanings.Thus,inordertomakesentencesclearer,Ibreakthissentenceintoseveralshortersentences,accordingtothesethreepartsofmeanings—Theliteratureisfilledwithresults;thatincumbents’campaignspendingeitherhasnoeffectonoutcomesoractuallyreducestheirchancesofwinning;（see,forexample,Jacobson1978,1980,1985,1989;FeldmanandJondrow1984;RagsdaleandCook1987;Abramowitz1988,1991;Grier1989;AnsolabehereandGerber1994;Coates1998）.Itrytofindtherelationsofthosesentences.Inthiswaythelongsentencebecomeseasytounderstand.

3.2LogicofSentences

Secondly,thelogicofChinesesentencesisalsodifferentfromthatofEnglishsentences.InChinesepeopleliketoleavethemostimportantpartatthelastofthetalkorasentence.Andbeforethat,Chinesepeopleliketoexplainreasons,conditions,time,placeorotherthingsintermofcoordinateclauses.Asallthecoordinateclauseslookalmostthesame,itisalwayshardforanEnglishspeakertofindoutthecoreofaChinesesentence.Onthecontract,inEnglish,amainclausewillbeusedtoexplaincoreofthesentence,andalltheotherinformationwillbegivenintheclausesorparenthesis,whichdecoratethemainclause.Furthermore,therearealwayssomemarksinthoseclauses,suchastheintroductorywordinattributiveclausesandadverbialclauses.Thus,peoplecaneasilyfindoutthemainideaofthesentence.Forthisreason,weneedtomakethesuitablechangeinlogicwhenwetranslateasentencefromChinesetoEnglishorfromEnglishtoChinese.Forexample,inthearticleHowPricesMatterinPolitics:

theReturnstoCampaignAdvertisingthereisasentence“Thefindingsthatsomeformsofadvertisingareeffectivecastdoubtontheconclusionsofstudiesthatsuggestnorelationshipbetweencampaignspendingandvictory.”isanattributiveclausewhichisusedtodecoratethemainsentence.Inthiskindofsituation,whenwetranslatethesentence,wemustpayattentiontothecoreofthesentence,andthelogicofthesentence.

Onbalance,intranslation,copingwiththosecomplexsentences,wemustpaygreatattentiontothesentence-typeespeciallythelogicofthosesentences.AndtheusefulwayIhavecaughtsightofistofindthemainpartofthesentencefirst,thuswecanunderstandwhatinformationthesentencewantstoshowus,andthenwecantranslateandmakeupthenewsentenceaccordingtothestyleandlogicfeaturesofthelanguageweneedtotranslatethesentenceinto.

5.Conclusion

Havingtranslatedthesetwoarticles,IgettoknowthattranslationisnotsimplyputtingapassageofChinese（English）intoEnglish（Chinese）,buttranslatingandexchangingthecultures.Weshouldatfirstfindbackgroundinformationandthenmakethepurportandgistofthetranslatingmaterialclear.Meanwhile,choosingarightskillisveryimportant,too.Soweshouldcombineskillsandcustoms,andonlyinthiswaycanwetranslatethematerialbothcorrectlyandexactly.

Bibliography

[1]王国炎，2007，《翻译探索》[J]，《时代文学·理论学术版》第六期，22-23。

[2]张培基等，2004，《英语翻译教程》[M]，上海：

外语教育出版社。

TheUniversityMotto:

AnEroofFreeField

Itisgenerallyconsideredthatmottoistheatmostphereofauniversity.TheexpressionmottocomesfromJapan.Therewas“Fillalpietyandintegrity”inChangshaYueluAcademyand“Thistrip,carefulinordinaryspeech”inWixiDonglinAcademyandsoon.Buttheydidn’tcallthemmottothen.Mottodatesfromfromchurch-rununiversityinourcountry.Afterthatthewordmottowasintroduced.Nowadaystherearetwostylesofmottosinourcountry.Oneismottoofancienttimes;theothervernacular.Theyoriginatedfromthebeginningoftheuniversity.

First.Twosourcesofmottosandthesimilaritiesbetweenthem

Thefirstuniversitiesthatestablishedmottoscoverthechurchuniversity、thepublicuniversityandtheprivateuniversityandsoforth.Thechurchuniversitymottoisreligious.Forexample:

ThemottoinSaintJohnsUniversityisLightandService.InYangjingUniversityitisFreedomThroughTruthforService.

Themottosintheuniversitiesestablishedinourcountryaresimplea